外伤性跟骨骨折合并糖尿病病人的围术期护理

牛艳华

[摘要] 目的 探究外傷性跟骨骨折合并糖尿病患者的围术期护理。 方法 选择该院接治的外伤性跟骨骨折合并糖尿病患者的一般资料进行分析，抽选出2017年1月—2018年1月间收治的100例患者进行实验，采用数字随机法将所有患者均分为两组，分别为对照组和实验组，每组中各包含50例患者。对实验组患者采用针对性护理，对照组患者实施常规护理。术后随访1年，根据两组患者的骨折愈合情况、并发症发生率以及护理满意度进行对比，同时采用maryland评分对患者的足部功能进行对比。结果 该次研究成果显示，实验组中所有患者均完全愈合，且没有发生严重并发症，同时maryland评分优良率高于对照组，护理满意度评分也更优，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。同时实验组患者的空腹HbA1c水平较对照组来说更趋于正常，其数值较对照组更低，组间差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 将针对性护理应用于外伤性跟骨骨折合并糖尿病患者围术期的护理中，通过术前准备和术后护理，有助于促进患者尽快的恢复，减少并发症的发生，改善护患之间的关系，值得深入研究和推广。

[关键词] 外伤性跟骨骨折;糖尿病;围术期护理

[中图分类号] R47          [文献标识码] A          [文章编号] 1672-4062（2019）08（b）-0008-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the perioperative nursing of patients with traumatic calcaneal fracture complicated with diabetes. Methods The general data of patients with traumatic calcaneal fractures and diabetes mellitus admitted to our hospital were analyzed. 100 patients who were admitted between January 2017 and January 2018 were selected for experiment. All patients were randomized by digital randomization. They were divided into two groups， the control group and the experimental group， each containing 50 patients. Targeted care was used for the experimental group and routine care was performed for the control group. The patients were followed up for 1 year. According to the fracture healing， complication rate and nursing satisfaction of the two groups， the maryland score was used to compare the patient's foot function. Results The results of this study showed that all patients in the experimental group were completely healed without serious complications， and the excellent rate of maryland score was higher than that of the control group. The nursing satisfaction score was also better， and the difference between the groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. At the same time， the fasting HbA1c level of the experimental group was more normal than that of the control group， and the value was lower than that of the control group. The difference between the groups was statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion Targeted nursing is applied to the perioperative nursing of patients with traumatic calcaneal fracture complicated with diabetes. Preoperative preparation and postoperative care can help patients recover as soon as possible， reduce complications and improve the relationship between nurses and patients， which deserves in-depth research and promotion.

[Key words] Traumatic calcaneal fracture; Diabetes; Perioperative nursing