天友绿色设计中心，天津，中国

建筑设计：天友建筑设计股份有限公司

1 东北向的垂直绿化遮阳与西北向的聚碳酸酯遮阳/Northeast vertical greening shading and northwest polycarbonate shading

2 总平面图/Site plan

天友绿色设计中心是一座既有建筑绿色化改造的项目。作为以绿色设计为特色的设计企业办公楼，方案之初就确定了超低能耗低成本改造的目标，而建成后的运营数据也以40kwh/m2·a的总能耗、19.6kwh/m2·a的空调采暖能耗实现了超低能耗，而6.4kwh/m2·a的超低制冷能耗其中就有遮阳技术的功劳。

建筑立面生成原则是以最基本的节能策略应对不同朝向的气候特点，再结合原有多层厂房简洁的方盒子体量，围护体系以加法原则增加一层表皮就成为合理之选。在原有墙体和外窗的保温改善之外，这层表皮在不同朝向提供了围护体系的遮阳功能。

偏东和偏西的朝向以垂直绿化作为遮阳。针对天津的寒冷气候，开发出一种艺术化分层拉丝形式，每个模块以层为限，种植缠绕型植物，可以迅速长满。同时拉丝扭转为直纹曲面，植物也沿着拉丝长成艺术化的造型。夏季绿叶提供遮阳，冬季叶子凋零不影响阳光，还提供了季节变化的风景。垂直绿化设置了滴灌系统，同时造价仅为常规垂直绿化的1/5。

南偏东的朝向首先增加了窗的面积，为冬季提供更多的太阳辐射，夏季就需要外遮阳阻挡辐射热，因此选择了可完全收放的电动外遮阳帘。铝合金的外遮阳帘置于钢格栅的外沿，与窗间墙处的聚碳酸酯板和后面的垂直绿化共同形成丰富变化的南向遮阳表皮。

北偏西的朝向，虽然仅仅偏西32o，夏季15∶00左右阳光也会照到这个沿街的主入口立面。设计沿水平的钢格栅随机设置了聚碳酸酯板，在形成活跃立面构图的同时，夏季可以遮阳，冬季可以阻风。

建成使用的几年中，垂直绿化越来越茂盛，天友绿色设计中心也收获了包括亚洲建协可持续建筑金奖、全国绿色建筑创新奖一等奖等绿色建筑奖项。

3 西北侧立面/Façade at the northwest side

4 改造前与改造后的街景/Street view before and after renovation

Tenio Green Design Centre is a project for renovation of existing buildings in an environmental-friendly way. As a self-use office building featured with green design, the objective of ultra-low energy consumption and low cost transformation was determined at the beginning of the project. Upon completion, the operation data achieved the goal of ultra-low energy consumption with total energy consumption of 40kwh/m2.a and air-conditioner heating energy consumption of 19.6kwh/m2.a. In addition, its ultra-low refrigeration energy consumption of 6.4kwh/m2.a was achieved due to the sun shading technology.

The principle of generation of building façades is to deal with the climate characteristics of different building orientations with the most basic energysaving strategy. Combined with the simple square box volume of the original multi-layered factory buildings, it is a reasonable choice to add a surface layer to the enclosure system under the principle of addition matrix. Besides the improvement of insulation of the original wall and window, this layer functions as shading for the envelope system from different building orientations.

Vertical greening is used as the sunshade in the East and West directions. In view of the cold climate in Tianjin, an artistic layered wiredrawing form is developed. Limited to layers, each module is suitable for fast growing winding plants.Meanwhile, the drawing wires can be twisted into a straight-patterned curved surface, which enables the plants to grow into artistic shapes along the wires. In summer, green leaves provide the shading,while in winter the withered leaves do not affect the sunshine, both of which provide the landscape with seasonal changes. Drip irrigation system is set up for vertical greening, with the cost only one fifth of that for conventional vertical greening.

The southeast orientation increases the area of the window to provide more solar radiation in winter. As the external shading is needed in summer to block the radiation heat, the retractable electric outer shade curtain is chosen. Made of aluminum alloyed, the outer shade curtain placed on the outer

5 草图/Sketch

6 首层平面/Ground floor plan

7 三层平面/Second floor plan

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client：天友建筑设计股份有限公司

主持建筑师/Principal Architect: 任军/REN Jun

设计团队/Design Team：王重，丘地宏，杨晓珍，何青，张宝军，刘冰，肖驰，许海峡/WANG Chong, QIU Dihong, YANG Xiaozhen, HE Qing, ZHANG Baojun, LIU Bing, XIAO Chi, XU Haixia

建筑面积/Floor Area: 5700m2

设计时间/Design Time: 2011.08-2012.02

施工时间/Construction Time: 2012.03-2013.03

造价/Cost: 18,000,000CNY

摄影/Photos: 贺之涵，任军/HE Zhihan, REN Jun edge of steel grid forms rich variable southward shading skin along with polycarbonate board at the wall between windows and vertical greening behind.

The northwest direction, though with only 32 degrees westward, enables the sunlight to be cast to the main entrance façade along the street at about 3 pm in summer. The polycarbonate panels are randomly designed along the horizontal steel grid,which can shade in summer and block the wind in winter while forming active façade composition.

In the past few years of application upon completion of building, the vertical vegetation has become more and more flourishing. Tenio Green Design Centre also won several awards for green building, including Sustainable Construction Gold Award by Asian Construction Association and National Green Building Innovation Award.

8 剖面/Section

9 概念/Concept

10 西南侧7月21日16:00垂直绿化效果及亮度照度模拟/Southwest vertical greening rendering with luminance

11 simulation and illumination simulation at 16:00 on 21 July东向的垂直绿化遮阳立面/Vertical greening shading in the east façade

13 东南侧8月21日上午10:00金属遮阳帘效果及亮度照度模拟/Southeast metal sunshade rendering with luminance simulation and illumination simulation at 10:00 on 21 August

14 节点详图，西南向和东北向分层拉丝垂直绿化遮阳/Detail: Layering wire drawing vertical greening sunshade in southwest and northeast

评论

张宇峰：既有建筑改造项目多因地制宜。本案例灵活采用挡板和爬藤植物，在原有建筑给定的4个非典型朝向立面，尝试与太阳产生不同的对话。西南立面因西晒而重要，设置的拉丝爬藤遮阳，除冬夏随植物生态而变外，上下宽、中间窄，在遮挡西向小高度角太阳入射的同时，为采光和视野赢得了更多空间。东南立面处冬季日照的有利位置，虽然电控挡板可收可放，但依据冬夏太阳高度角的变化设置固定水平遮阳更具经济性。采用相同的遮阳方式，西北立面的遮阳排布比东南密，这似与西晒呼应，但其实不必，因为阳光实为大角度倾斜入射；而东北立面的爬藤与西南一致，这也不妥，因为此面无阳光正射且上午斜射时的气温较低。

来自技术专家的点评

冯雅：建筑立面增加一层表皮形成了围护体系的遮阳功能，垂直绿化作为遮阳丰富了建筑表皮的立面形式，在植物选择上采用缠绕型植物更适宜于建筑所在气候，夏季绿叶提供遮阳，冬季叶子凋零阳光入射有利于集热。采用电动外遮阳帘为冬夏季不同的阳光需求提供了保证，增加南偏东的朝向外窗面积为冬季提供更多的太阳辐射，有利于被动太阳能的获取。窗间墙和北偏西朝向的PC板与后面的垂直绿化共同形成丰富变化的遮阳表皮，夏季可以遮阳，冬季可以阻风。利用建筑立面增加一层表皮和植被被动蒸发冷却与遮阳必须有量化的计算与设计，稀疏的垂直绿化遮阳仅仅起到景观作用，希望注重遮阳装置的实际效果。

Comment

ZHANG Yufeng:Existing building renovation suited themselves to local conditions. This case attempts to talk with the sun differently on the 4 eccentrically orientated façades given by the original building, by flexibly using baラes and climbing vines. The southwest façade is important as the west sunshine. The setup wire-climbing vine shade, in addition to changing with the plant ecology in winter and summer, is wide up & down and narrow in the middle, providing more space for daylighting and vision while shielding the sunlight incident from the west with low elevations. The southeast façade takes the favorable position of winter sunshine. Although the electronically controlled baラes can be retracted and released, it is more economic to set a fixed horizontal shade according to the variations of solar elevation in winter and summer. Using the same shading method, the more densely arranged shades on the northwest façade than the southeast,likely responding to the western sunshine, are in fact not necessary due to the oblique incidence of sunshine with a large angle; while the same climbing vines on the northeast façade as the southwest are not appropriate as well, because no direct sunshine on it and the temperature is lower for its morning oblique sunshine.

15 东南立面的活动外遮阳“开启”/Active outer shade at southeast façade: open

16 气候核心南向遮阳/Climate core southward atrium

17 气候核心南向中庭透视图/Perspective view of climate core southward atrium

From technical expert

FENG Ya:The additional layer of skin on the architectural façade functions as a shading element in the building envelope. The vertical greening as a sunshade method enriches the façade form of the architectural skin. Entangled plants are selected to be more suitable for the climate of the building's location.In summer, vegetation leaves can shade the building;while in winter without leaves the sun can shine in and the heat can be collected.

The use of exterior solar panels guarantees the fulfillment of different sunlight requirements no matter in winter or in summer. The increase of southeast-facing façade window areas provides more solar radiation in winter, which is beneficial to the acquisition of passive solar energy. The walls between windows, the northwest-facing polycarbonate panels,and the vertical greening behind it form a richly varied shading skin, which can shade the sun in summer and block the wind in winter.

There must be quantitative calculations and design when using additional façade layer of architectural skin and vegetation for passive evaporative cooling and shading. If the vertical green for shading is sparse, it only can be a part of the landscape. I hope the actual effect of the shading equipment can well acknowledged. (Translated by CHEN Xi)