个性化护患沟通模式在ICU病房患者护理中的应用效果

潘新群 李秋 彭慧

[摘要]目的 探讨个性化护患沟通模式在ICU病房患者护理中的应用效果。方法 选取2016年6月～2018年6月我院外科手术后转入ICU病房的84例患者纳入研究，用随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组，每组各42例。对照组采用集束化护理，观察组在此基础上应用个性化护患沟通模式。比较两组护理满意度评分、ICU综合征发生率、情绪评分。结果 干预后，观察组护理总满意度各项评分普遍高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；干预后，观察组ICU综合征发生率低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）；干预后，两组情绪评分均下降（P<0.05），其中观察组抑郁、焦虑评分均低于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论 个性化护患沟通模式应用于ICU病房患者护理中的效果突出，可有效减轻ICU患者焦虑、抑郁等情绪，降低ICU综合征的发生率，提高患者的生活质量，值得进一步推广。

[關键词]ICU综合征；个性化护患沟通模式；集束化护理；预防应用

[中图分类号] R472.2 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721（2019）4（a）-0217-03

[Abstract] Objective To explore the application effect of personalized nurse-patient communication mode on nursing in intensive care unit （ICU） ward. Methods Eighty-six patients who were transferred to the ICU ward after surgery from June 2016 to June 2018 were enrolled in the study. By random number table method， the patients were divided into the control group and observation group， 42 cases in each group. The control group was treated with cluster nursing， and the observation group was provided with personalized nurse-patient communication mode besides cluster nursing. The nursing satisfaction score， the incidence of ICU syndrome， and the emotional score were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention， the scores of nursing satisfaction in the observation group were generally higher than those in the control group， with statistical significance （P<0.05）. The incidence of ICU syndrome in the observation group was lower than that in the control group after intervention， with significant difference （P<0.05）. After the intervention， the emotional scores of both groups decreased （P<0.05）. The scores of depression and anxiety in the observation group were both lower than those in the control group with statistical significance （P<0.05）. Conclusion The personalized nurse-patient communication mode is effective on patients′ nursing in ICU ward. It can effectively alleviate the occurrence of anxiety and depression in ICU patients， reduce the incidence of ICU syndrome， and improve patients′ quality of life， which is worthy of further spread.

[Key words] ICU syndrome； Personalized nurse-patient communication mode； Cluster nursing； Preventive application

ICU综合征是指患者在ICU病房内因治疗环境、自身疾病、干预手段等多种因素引起的以精神症状为主的临床综合征[1]。其临床表现可见记忆力减弱、失眠、感觉异常、思维障碍、知觉减退、情绪焦虑，呈波动性发作[2]。若ICU患者出现该综合征，可对患者的康复和未来生活造成不利的影响，因此临床上主张护理干预进行及时预防[3]。集束化护理将循证理念引入病房，为ICU患者创造实践指南，但也有效果单一等局限性[4]。而个性化护患沟通模式因病制宜、因人而异，根据每个患者不同的特点个性化护理，来满足患者的需要，提高医疗服务的满意度，近年在重症病的防治中应用颇广[5]。由于个性化护患沟通模式在ICU病房患者护理中的研究较少，为证实其干预效果，本研究尝试在集束化护理的基础上予以个性化护患沟通，现报道如下。