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一类欠驱动系统的双环滑模控制仿真

2019-04-04代曾余红英刘琛

现代电子技术 2019年6期
关键词:滑模控制

代曾 余红英 刘琛

关键词: 欠驱动系统; 滑模控制; 双闭环控制; 四旋翼飞行器; 系统仿真; 控制律

中图分类号: TN876?34; TP212.9               文献标识码: A                    文章编号: 1004?373X(2019)06?0088?04

Abstract: A sliding mode control strategy based on inner and outer loops is proposed for the first?class under?actuated quadrotor UAV controlled model, so as to realize stable control and tracking of the Quadrotor UAV system. The dynamics model of the quadrotor UAV is established by using the Lagrange equation. The inner and outer ring control strategy which takes the location system as the outer ring, the attitude system as the inner ring, and the sliding mode control law as the control method is designed according to its mathematical model. The system was simulated in the Matlab environment, by which the effectiveness of the control strategy was verified.

Keywords: under?actuated system; sliding mode control; double closed?loop control; Quadrotor UAV; system simulation;control law

0  引  言

欠驱动系统是指系统的独立控制变量个数小于系统自由度个数的一类非线性系统,相比而言,欠驱动系统在能耗、成本、结构以及实用性方面要优于全驱动系统[1]。欠驱动系统便于进行全面的数学建模仿真以及分析,而且由于欠驱动系统存在足够的复杂性,例如高度的非线性以及参数摄动严重等,使得欠驱动系统具有典型性[2]。在对抗非线性系统以及系统参数摄动方面,滑模控制作为一种经典控制策略,有着强鲁棒性,对系统参数摄动不敏感等优点,因此采用滑模控制方法来解决欠驱动系统的控制问题[3]。

四旋翼飞行器(Quadrotor UAV)系统是一类经典的欠驱动系统,在本文中以Quadrotor UAV为受控对象,根据Lagrange方程建立动力学模型[4],以位置子系统为外环,姿态子系统为内环,通过设计滑模控制律,实现对航迹及滚转角的跟踪,同时保证偏航角以及俯仰角的稳定[5]。

1  Quadrotor UAV的动力学模型

Quadrotor UAV的示意图如图1所示。

5  結  语

本文在Quadrotor UAV系统数学模型的基础上设计一种基于内外环的滑模控制方法,从而实现对系统期望状态的跟踪控制[10]。通过Matlab仿真,验证了该算法的可行性,并与经典PID控制方法进行对比。仿真实验表明,采用双闭环滑模控制方法设计的Quadrotor UAV控制系统可以保证系统的鲁棒性,姿态角可以快速有效地跟踪到期望值,而且稳态误差较小,具有良好的控制性能,在实际系统中具有很广阔的应用前景。

参考文献

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WANG Lu, LI Guangchun, WANG Zhaolong, et al. Sliding mode control of an underactuated quadrotor UAV [J]. Journal of Harbin Engineering University, 2012, 33(10): 1248?1253.

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MA Limin. Global chattering?free sliding mode trajectory tracking control of underactuated autonomous underwater vehicles [J]. CAAI transactions on intelligent systems, 2016, 11(2): 200?207.

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LIU Jinkun. Sliding mode control design and Matlab simulation [M]. Beijing: Tsinghua University, 2005.

[5] 蔡偉平,胡越黎,杨文荣,等.四旋翼双环滑模姿态控制系统设计与仿真[J].电子技术应用,2015,41(7):150?153.

CAI Weiping, HU Yueli, YANG Wenrong, et al. Design and simulation of quadrotor attitude control system based on double?loop sliding mode [J]. Application of electronic technique, 2015, 41(7): 150?153.

[6] 黄丽莲,齐雪.基于自适应滑模控制的不同维分数阶混沌系统的同步[J].物理学报,2013,62(8):61?67.

HUANG Lilian, QI Xue. The synchronization of fractional order chaotic systems with different orders based on adaptive sliding mode control [J]. Acta Physica Sinica, 2013, 62(8): 61?67.

[7] 于涛,孙汉旭,贾庆轩,等.一类欠驱动系统的解耦滑模控制方法[J].东南大学学报(自然科学版),2012,42(z1):11?14.

YU Tao, SUN Hanxu, JIA Qingxuan, et al. Decoupled sliding mode control for a class of underactuated systems [J]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural science edition), 2012, 42(S1): 11?14.

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