巧用绘本图片提升思维能力
2019-03-28王霞
王霞
【关键词】英语教学;绘本;思维能力
【中图分类号】G623.31 【文献标志码】B 【文章编号】1005-6009(2019)09-0058-05
【设计理念】
1.找准绘本图文的关键,引导观察想象。绘本之所以受小学生喜爱,是因为它不仅以文字,更以图片来讲故事。绘本有精美的画面、明丽的色彩,这本身就容易吸引学生的注意力,而图片所营造的意境,则可以给学生以想象的空间。教学时,教师可以借助图片关键点,培养学生的思维能力,提高其语言表达能力。如此一来,原本无声的、静止的画面就能变得鲜活起来,文本也可以变得更加丰满。
2.挖掘图片与生活的联系,引发认知冲突。在绘本教学中,教师借助主人公小兔子的眼,引导学生领略四季更迭、气候变化的自然之美,同时学生可以结合自身的知识和生活经验,大胆地推测或预测小兔子在新的一年中的活动,并用英语来表达所闻所见所想。
3.聚焦绘本图片的情感,提升思维品质。英语阅读不仅是解码和理解的过程,更应是“悦读”的过程,而“悦读”就要有情感的参与。本课教学,笔者充分利用图片设置问题,引导学生循序渐进地走进绘本,在师生、生生的对话、合作、交流中关注人物性格特征及故事情节,尤其是在此过程中感受英语语言之美,让学生在视听中迁移情感,在朗读中感同身受,在表演中激发思维活力,从而实现学生思维品质的提升。
【教学目标】
(1)能听懂、会说、会读以下单词和词组:hollow, pick, chase the butterflies,lie, pond, keep dry,walk, beach, leaves,fall from,get ready for, curl up and dream.(2)能正确理解、有感情地朗读绘本。(3)能用相关句型描述一年四季的活动,并表达对生活的爱。
【课堂实录】
Step 1 Warm up
教师用亲切的话语和学生谈话,同时边说边演谜底为小兔子的谜语,逐步将学生引向绘本。
Step 2 Pre-reading
T: Today I bring a picture book about a rabbit.Please look at the cover of the picture book(见图1).The book was written by Richard Scarry. He was a famous writer in the USA.The name of the book is...
Ss: I am a Bunny.(板書课题,教授:bunny)
T: A bunny is a baby rabbit.(板书a baby rabbit)Lets look at the bunny.What colour is the T-shirt?What colour is the overall?What do you think of the bunny?
S:...
T: Do you want to know something about him?Lets ask him some questions.
Ss: Whats your name? How old are you? What do you like?Where do you live?Which season do you like?...
首先,读故事封面,让学生了解读者,认读标题。接着,引导学生观察封面人物的面部表情、肢体语言、衣着等细节,获取信息,让学生对故事产生好奇心。此环节的目的在于通过读图、思考、表达等一系列活动,培养学生的思维能力,并推动教学向前展开。
Step 3 While reading
1.带着问题阅读绘本第1页。
T: Lets find the answer in the book. Turn to P1 and read together.
板书a hollow tree并画图,教授:hollow。
T:How many seasons are there in a year?What are they?
S: Four. They are spring,summer,autumn and winter.(教师板书四季单词)
T:Which season do you like?Why?
S: I like...Because...
T:The bunny likes all the seasons. Why? Lets read again.
此环节,教师将故事文本和图片直观形象地呈现给学生,让学生初步感知故事。教师通过4个问题带领学生复习四季旧知,激发学生探究小兔子四季活动的兴趣,并为接下来的精读故事环节做足铺垫。
2.教学兔子春季活动。
T: Spring comes into the park. Whats in the park?
S:Some flowers and trees./...
T: How nice.Can you draw two flowers?
S:Yes, I can try.(上黑板画图)
T:Well done. What does the bunny like to do in spring? Lets listen and circle.(教师读绘本2、3页,学生圈出答案)
A. Fly a kite. B. Pick flowers.
C. Chase the butterflies. D. Go fishing.
S:B&C.;(教师板书pick,chase并画蝴蝶图,教授pick,并做动作)
T: Look at the pictures.(出示绘本第2页)What colour are the flowers?
S: White and yellow.
T: Are they beautiful?
Ss: Yes.
T: Lets read beautifully.
T:(出示第3页)Wow,so many butterflies.Some are big,some are little.Lets count the big butterflies.(教师边指图边演唱根据Ten Little Indian Boys改编的歌曲)One big, two big, three big butterflies. Four big,five big,six big butterflies...
T: Now its your turn.Lets count the little butterflies.Can you sing?
Ss: One little...(学生边数边集体演唱)
T:Im the bunny.(佩戴bunny头饰)You are the butterflies.
T:I chase the butterflies and the butterflies chase me.(教师和学生一起表演)
T:Do you often chase butterflies?
S: Yes.
T: Where?
S: In the park...
T: When you see so many butterflies,how do you feel?
S: Happy./Interesting./Funny.
T: Lets read happily.(两手做蝴蝶飞行状)
以上教学,教师让学生听故事的第一部分,然后圈出答案,画出鲜花图,并用演唱歌曲的方式来数蝴蝶,梳理小兔子在春天喜欢做的事情,同时利用TPR 让学生操练动作词组pick flowers/chase butterflies。在教师夸张的表演和精准示范的带动下,学生的表演欲被激发,他们跃跃欲试,这为下一环节的表演打下了基础。
3.教学兔子夏季活动。
T: The sun is shining.(画图)Its too hot. Which season comes?
S: Summer.
T: What does the bunny like to do in summer? Read from P4 to P7 and underline.
Ss:Lie in the sun. Watch the birds/frogs. Keep dry. Walk on the beach.(教师板书词组并画鸟和青蛙)
T: Turn to P4. Who can read?(生读)
T: So comfortable! Lets lie on the chair and lift up the book. What can you see?
S: The blue sky. The lovely birds. The trees. The white clouds.
T: Please sit straight and watch carefully. Where are the frogs?(P5)
S: Maybe in the river/lake/pond.
师画池塘图。
T:What can the frogs do?
S: Jump/Swim/Sing.
T:Lets read P5.
T:(P6)Its raining. Where is the frog now?
S: Under the mushroom.
T: But where is the bunny?
S: Under the mushroom.
T: He can keep dry under it.
PPT:A.淋湿 B.不被淋湿,让学生猜keep dry 的含義。
Ss: B.
T:(P7) When the rain stops,(做深呼吸状)the air is fresh,the trees are green.I walk on the beach.(做散步状)Now,be quick,quick. Run,run,run. Now,slowly.Walk, walk.(让学生起立,一起动起来,区别walk和run)
T:Heres the sea. Whats beside the sea?
S: The beach.
T: Read in your group and act out.(四人一组,戴头饰表演P4 ~ P7)
在教师的引导下,学生细读文本,知道了小兔子夏季的活动,也从侧面表现出小兔子对夏季的喜爱。然后,教师引导学生观察图片上动物们的表情、肢体动作,让学生明白这些动物夏季悠闲的生活。故事表演会让学生有一种身临其境的感觉,从而深入体会小兔子的内心情感。
4.教学兔子秋季活动。
T: Which season comes after summer?
Ss: Autumn.
T: We can also say“fall”.(板书并教授:fall)Guess,what does the bunny like to do in autumn?
Ss:Maybe go climbing/dance/have a picnic/play football/play basketball/...
T:(在a hollow tree旁画几片树叶)What are these?
S: Leaves.
T:(边做动作边读)I like to watch the leaves falling from the tree.(板书fall from并教学)
T:(P8)The leaves are colourful. What do they look like?
Ss:Butterflies,Flowers,Birds...
T:(P9)Wonderful!What about the animals?
S: They get ready for winter.(板书get ready for并教学)
T: What do they get ready for?
Ss: Food,fruit,houses,flying to the south...
教师讲解秋天的另一种表达fall,同时引导学生展开想象,猜测小兔子喜欢的秋季活动,观察落叶的形状及颜色,说说动物们为冬天做了些什么准备。这个环节旨在激发和培养学生的想象力和创造意识。
5.教学兔子冬季活动。
T: The animals get ready for winter. What colour is winter?
S: White.
T: The hollow tree is white.The field is white.(教师边画雪花边问)Whats this?
S:Some snow.
T: Yes. I like to watch the snow falling from the sky.(边说边做动作)
T:(P10)What can the bunny watch?
Ss: The snowman./White trees./The sky./...(教师画雪人图)
T:(P11)Where is the bunny now?
S: In the hollow tree.
T: He likes to curl up.(教师做蜷缩状,板书并教学curl up)Why does he curl up?
S: Because he is cold.
T: He likes to dream about spring too.(做睡觉状,板书并教学dream)
以上教学,从秋季动物准备过冬物品,自然过渡到冬季。教师提问:如果你是那只兔子,在冬季你会看到什么?教师画出雪人图,吸引学生注意力,引导他们探索故事中小兔子的活动。此设计让学生在语境中接触、体验和理解真实语言,使学生的英语学习更有效。
Step 4 Development
T: Four seasons make a year.(教师把4个季节单词用箭头连起来,并在中间写上a year)When spring comes again, how old is the bunny?
S: Two.
T: What will he do in this new year?Choose your favourite season, finish the composition.(作业纸范例)For example:Hello, I am Tony. I am a rabbit now. I live in a big hollow tree.In spring,...In summer,...In autumn,...In winter,...
T: Its your show time.(让学生带头饰展示贴好的彩色蝴蝶作文图,作文纸呈蝴蝶状,四个碟翅上分别写有In spring, In summer , In autumn, In winter, )
T:Do you like this picture book?
T: Lets enjoy reading,enjoy our colourful life.
通过小组合作,学生将自己喜欢的季节活动写下来并进行表演,这样可以调动学生已有的知识储备,并从语言输入走向语言输出。此外,彩色蝴蝶作业纸也是本课的思维导图,能让学生更好地把握本课的脉络。
本课的板书重在生成,整个板书就是四季活动的思维导图,每个季节用不同颜色的粉笔板书,春季绿色、夏季红色、秋季黄色、冬季白色,体现各个季节特点。板书重点突出,学生可以通过板书中的重点词組和图片复述课文。
【教后反思】
1.阅读策略指导具体而实在。本节课,笔者运用了多种教学策略指导学生进行阅读活动,如带着问题进行探究式阅读;运用细读策略找出小兔子夏天的活动;运用随文看图策略学习语篇中秋天的新词汇;运用图片辅助阅读冬天的活动;运用任务型教学带领学生学习小兔子新的一年的活动。以上每个教学策略的运用都与具体的教学内容相互融合。
2.尊重学生心理特点。本课,笔者根据学生的年龄及生理特点设计教学活动,充分调动学生的积极性。设计的上讲台绘画、集体演唱、分角色表演或对其他同学的表演进行评价等活动,为学生的口头语言表达提供了机会,能让学生积极地学习英语。
3.教学环节设计清晰而简明。本节课并没有复杂的环节,有的是依托文本的热身,内容的呈现、操练及拓展。问题Which season do you like?Why?及What does the bunny like to do in...?贯穿整节课,包括板书设计,这让课堂教学思路清晰,目标明确。
(作者单位:江苏省海门市能仁小学)