跨越时代的铁路

文／张汝峰

○铁路运输作为中国主要交通方式，见证了几十年间社会的变迁，它仿佛从过去缓缓开来，又在不断加速中疾速向未来驶去。图／王志坚As the main transport means of China, railway transport witnessed the social changes for decades. It seems to slowly move from the past, and rush to the future at accelerating speed.

从蒸汽机车到内燃机车，从电力机车到动车组，从时速40公里到350公里，历史的画卷慢慢展开，一切似乎并不遥远。

以胶济铁路1904年建成通车为起点，山东铁路已走过110多年的沧桑岁月。它经历了外来侵略铁蹄下的屈辱与抗争、解放战争时期的保障运输、中华人民共和国成立后的修复与建设、改革开放后的蓬勃发展四个时期。火车头的更新换代，见证了山东的飞速发展。

改革开放40年，齐鲁大地日新月异。伴随国家在重大基础设施工程的投入力度持续加大，山东铁路网的建设如火如荼。到2015年，全省新建、改建铁路约3800公里，铁路营业里程达到5500公里，形成了以京九、京沪、烟大轮渡-蓝烟-胶新、青荣-青岛-日照-连云港通道为“四纵”，以德龙烟、邯济-胶济、瓦日、菏兖日通道为“四横”的“四纵四横”铁路运输格局。

○自1974年批量生产以来，“东风4”型内燃机车是上世纪中国铁路内燃牵引的主型机车。图/王志坚Since the batch production in 1974, “Dongfeng 4” diesel locomotive became the main locomotive with diesel traction of China’s railways in the last century.

○上世纪80年代，上火车是件“体力活”。图/王志坚In the 1980s, boarding a train was “physical work”.

○最早一批“绿皮火车”缓缓驶离车站。图/王志坚The earliest batch of “Green Trains” slowly pulled out of the station.

○那时，闷热的车厢里全天挤得水泄不通，倒水的乘务员常常汗透衣背。图/王志坚In that period, the sweltering carriage was overcrowded all day, and the train attendants serving water often sweat profusely.

○如今的列车服务力争让车上的每个人都舒心乘车。图/王志坚Nowadays, for train services, we strive to make every person on the train feel comfortable.

○最早的青岛老站。图／王志坚Earliest Old Qingdao Station.

○在老站基础上重建的青岛新站。图／王志坚Now, New Qingdao Station rebuilt on the basis of the old station.

党的十八大以后，山东铁路建设迈进新时代。青荣城际、德大铁路、石济客专、龙烟铁路等一批新线投入运营，荣成站、青岛北站等一批新站投入使用，正在建设的青连铁路、济青高铁、鲁南高铁临沂至曲阜段积极推进，京沪二通道、雄安至商丘、郑州至济南、曲阜至菏泽等高铁前期工作有序开展。四通八达的密集路网，大幅提升的铁路运能，增量提质的客货运输，成为推动全省经济飞速发展的动力引擎。

铁路的“触角”日益深入山东的每一片土地，切实改变着山东人的日常生活。截至2017年底，全省铁路运营里程达到5700公里，全省17市全部通上火车。1240公里的高铁运营里程，把全国193个城市拉进“高铁朋友圈”。时速350公里的“复兴号”驰骋齐鲁大地，我们从普速时代跨入高铁时代，旅客年发送量一路

高歌猛进，突破1.34亿大关。

○如今的站台宽敞明亮，动车与高铁正逐渐成为铁路交通的主流。图/王志坚Nowadays, the platforms are bright and spacious. Bullet trains and high-speed trains are gradually becoming the mainstream of railway traffic.

○曾经，电气化列车与内燃机车还是“先进车型”，在上世纪末到本世纪初，它们代替“绿皮车”成为运输主力。图/王志坚In the past, electrified trains and diesel locomotives were “advanced train types”. From the end of the last century to the beginning of this century, they have become the main transport means in place of “Green Trains”.

“泉馨驿站”“高铁儒行”“阳光家园”“海之情”等一大批群星璀璨的铁路服务品牌成为“好客山东”和“厚道儒商”的最美标识。网上购票、接续换乘、自主选座、网上订餐、微信支付、刷脸进站、“复兴号”WIFI全覆盖、铁路常旅客会员等智能化服务，让旅客的出行体验更美好。

抓住“一带一路”建设机遇，济南铁路局加强与地方政府协调，大力开发跨局、跨境班列运输和多式联运，助力山东融入“一带一路”建设，为中欧、中亚之间进出口货物提供全新更利的物流模式。

覆盖全省的铁路大动脉，融合省会城市群和黄河三角洲高效生态经济区，串联环渤海蓝色经济带，牵手京津冀和长三角生活圈，铺设黄河流域出海大通道，构筑对接东北亚自由贸易桥头堡，日益成为拉动区城经济的保障线、惠及民生的幸福线、内引外联的主干线、绿色节能的环保线。

编辑／王雪芃

○老济南火车站已成为时代的记忆。图／王志坚The old Jinan Railway Station has become a memory of the times.

○2011年建成的济南西站在经过最新一轮运行图调整后，停靠的“复兴号”高铁将新增至26列。图／何延海After the latest round of operation diagram adjustments for the Jinan West Railway Station completed in 2011, the“Fuxing” high-speed trains will be increased to 26.

Starting with the Jiaozhou-Jinan Railway which was completed and open to traffic in 1904, Shandong Railway has undergone over 110 years of vicissitudes. It has gone through the humiliation and struggle during wartime,the guaranteed transport during the Chinese Liberation War, the restoration and construction after the founding of New China, as well as the four periods of vigorous development after the reform and opening-up. The upgrading of locomotives has witnessed the rapid development of Shandong Railway.

After the 18th CPC National Congress, Shandong Railway construction entered a new era. A number of new railways such as the Qingdao-Rongcheng Intercity Railway, the Dezhou-Dalailong Railway, the Shijiazhuang-Jinan Passenger Dedicated Line and the Longkou-Yantai Railway were put into operation. The dense railway network extending in all directions, the greatly elevated railway transport capacity as well as the passenger and cargo transport with quantity increased and quality improved have become the power engines propelling the rapid economic development of the entire province.

The antenna of railways is increasingly permeating every piece of land where the people of Shandong live,in reality changing our daily life bit by bit. As of the end of 2017, Shandong has realized a railway operating network of some 5,700km, and 17 prefecture-level cities are connected by railways. We have entered a high-speed railway era further than a simple railway era. The annual number of passengers carried advanced triumphantly, breaking through 134 million.

The railway artery covering the whole province has increasingly become a security line promoting district and city economy, a happy line benefiting people’s livelihood, a trunk line with internal guidance and external contact,as well as an environment-friendly line that is green and energy-saving.