艾森施塔特国会文化中心奥地利艾森施塔特

2017-09-07RolandHalbe

世界建筑导报 2017年4期

关键词：立面图门厅平面图

艾森施塔特国会文化中心奥地利艾森施塔特

Eisenstadt Culture Congress Center Eisenstadt, Austria

业主：BELIG Beteiligungs- und Liegenschafts GmbH

日期：设计启动：2009年/施工：2010年/

竣工：2012年11月

面积：基地面积：3 296.24 平方米/建筑面积：9 534.41平方米/占地面积：2 992.35平方米

建筑容积：57 997.77立方米

摄影：Roland Halbe

该项目外部设计的构想是通过在向外延伸的大型要素外部一层看似多孔的外观，使整个项目看起来是一座完整的建筑。这种设计方法强调了建筑群的紧凑性，但也考虑了与外部的城市环境的协调配合。

这个建筑的主要部分集中在与现有建筑物的直接相连处，然后逐级平缓通向涉及区域东南部的小型结构物。

让整个建筑分布在不同高度，可以在这个城市的这个地区提供充足的光线和空气，同时也使这座建筑整体上与Osterwiese的宏观布局协调一致。该区域作为Festival大楼的东侧前院，其设计在城市规划中得到了新的阐释，地位也得到了提升。连续的透明外墙让这座建筑看起来不像“后院”，透明外墙上甚至可以投影，这样，Osterwiese甚至可以说成了一座露天礼堂或夏季室外电影院或其他类似的场所。无论如何，这座建筑的设计初衷是把这座城市新延伸的地区与Schubertplatz 之间（以及相邻的步行区）之间很好地连接起来。在（Osterwiese）变电站前面造一道楼梯，是市议会改善城市交通的一项举措。这个项目不但有效地实现了城市规划的整体升级，而且也为在Osterwiese上停放汽车的游客提供了前往文化中心的良好通道。

沿着几乎整个通道行人都可以看到Landesgalerie，景观本身也提升了这条通道的魅力。

在面向Schubertplatz的一侧，这座建筑物最高的两层形成了一个U形庭院般的区域，与邻近建筑物围绕庭院形的缩进式开放空间分组布局的风格遥相呼应。沿着走廊中的盥洗室和门厅以及上一层新酒吧所在区域和相邻的会议室、售票处及书店，可以看到这些依次排列的凹凸有致的构建物。

在较低的楼层，垂直百叶窗外新安装的连续玻璃构成了Schubertplatz 的主立面，清晰地表明了这座建筑的公用设施的特点。外部的公共广场与建筑物内部有机联动，使这座建筑成为公共空间的组成部分，在外面的游客看来，门厅也是一个社交场所。

与这个立面相连的一座新建造的天桥利用了多个现有的空间和结构连接处，与现有的的天桥相对，这座新建的漏斗形的天桥不断变宽，伸向上一层的门厅。

在这座天桥下方，新建的与现有布局相似的主入口设计为一个有棚顶的区域。

Client: BELIG Beteiligungs- und Liegenschafts GmbH

Year: Start of Design: 2009 / Start of Construction: Nov. 2010 /

Completion: Nov 2012

Areas: Site Area: 3,296.24 m²/ Floor Area: 9,534.41 m²/

Built-up Area: 2,992.35 m²

Cubage: 57,997.77 m³

Photos: Roland Halbe

This project is conceived so that externally it looks like a single entity. This is achieved by wrapping a perforated envelope around large parts of the extension and the existing building. Although this design approach strongly emphasizes the compactness of the building complex, clear references to the urban context are also made.

The major part of the volume is concentrated at the immediate point of connection to the existing building and then steps down to the small-scale structure to the south-east of the planning area.

Stepping the building in height helps to provide sufficient light and air for this area of the city, while the mass of the building responds more to the larger scale of the Osterwiese. The new significance of this area as the eastern forecourt of the Festival Building is both articulated and upgraded in urban planning terms. By cladding it with a continuous transparent screen the building at this point no longer seems like a “rear”. It is even conceivable that projections could be shown here, which would give the Osterwiese the function of an open-air auditorium, a summer outdoor cinema or similar.

Whatever the case, it is planned to create a good connection between the new extension and Schubertplatz (and consequently to the pedestrian zone). Building a front stairs over the transformer station (on the Osterwiese site) is intended as the town council’s contribution to improving urban circulation. Here an efficient symbiosis is achieved between an overall upgrading in urban planning terms and providing a good connection to the Cultural Centre for visitors who park their cars on the Osterwiese.

The attractiveness of this route is further heightened by the fact that, along almost its entire length, pedestrians have a view inside the Landesgalerie (where the nature of exhibits makes this possible).

On the side facing onto Schubertplatz a U-shaped, courtyard-like area cut out of the two uppermost floors of the building responds to the way the neighbouring buildings are grouped in clusters around courtyard-shaped, indented open spaces. These indentations, transformed in scale, are encountered again in the foyer in the layout of the cloakrooms, the ticket desks and the bookshop, and on the upper floor in the area of the new bar and the adjoining seminar rooms.

On the lower floors the new continuous glass front of vertical louvers forms the main façade onto Schubertplatz, where the public character of the building is clearly expressed. The public square flows inside the building, making it a part of public space, while for viewers from outside the foyer is revealed as a place of social interaction.

A new bridge developed out of this façade uses the existing spatial and structural linking points. In contrast to the existing bridge the new element widens like a funnel towards the foyer on the upper floor. Below this bridge, analogous to the existing fabric, the new main entrance is conceived in the form of a covered area.