大学英语四级翻译中词法的增译翻译

张琦，许娜

大连医科大学中山学院

大学英语四级翻译中词法的增译翻译

张琦，许娜

大连医科大学中山学院

大学英语四级翻译作为新题型以段落长句形式出现在近些年的考试中，其中结合最多的要数翻译方法中的增译法。而本文即是就翻译方法中增译法的几点词语增译在大学英语翻译中的突出表现和重点体现，进行有针对性的总结和概括。

大学英语四级考试；翻译；翻译方法；增译；词语增译

英汉两种语言由于表达方式不同，在实际翻译中为使语义传达更加通顺准确，常常需要在翻译到目标语言时对源语进行增译。近些年来，大学英语四级翻译中越来越多的出现对此种翻译方法的应用考察。值得深思并加以总结归纳。

什么叫增译法？一般情况下，为了使译文忠实的表达原文的意思和风格，并使译文合乎表达习惯必须在实际翻译中增加一些词语，这就叫增译法。

在大学英语四级翻译题型中，词语的翻译中最常见的增译法体现在以下几种需要：语法需要，语义需要，文化背景解释需要。

1.语法的需要

增补冠词：

中国剪纸有一千五百多年的历史。

Chinese paper cutting has a history of more than 1500 years.

就像每年春节都会给的红包所传达的一样，红色象征来年吉祥如意。

So as the red packet which is given every Spring Festival con⁃veys,red is a symbol of happiness and good luck in the coming year.

但是穿红色衣服参加葬礼是很不明智的。

But it is not wise to wear red clothes when attending a funeral.

增补介词：

营改增政策的实行凸显了一批企业财务人员水平不高的问题。由此，提升企业财务人员专业素质刻不容缓。企业应为企业内财务人员进行业务培训提供便利，让其经常性参加由专业人士举办的财务知识讲座学习等，通过讲座学习使财务人员掌握良好的企业财务管理方法，更新财务管理知识系统，切实提高财务管理水平。

剪纸最常用的颜色是红色，象征着健康和兴旺。

The color most frequently used in paper cutting is red,which sym⁃bolizes health and prosperity.

增补代词：

人们常用剪纸来美化居家环境。

People often beautify their homes with paper cutting.

文房四宝品类繁多。

There is a large variety of these four treasures.

增补连接词：

Chinese paper cutting is very popular around the world and it is often given as a present to foreign friends.

历代都有名匠，名品产生,形成了深厚的文化积淀。

Each dynasty in Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appeared and fine works produced，which helped form a profound cultural accu⁃mulation.

皮影在中国乃至在世界上都具有很高的艺术价值，被世界多国博物馆收藏。

The shadow puppets are of high value of art in China and even in the world,many of which are now collected in several countries’muse⁃ums all over the world.

2.语义的需要

要提倡顾全大局。

We should advocate the spirit of taking the whole situation into consideration.

历代都有名匠，名品产生。

Each dynasty in Chinese history saw famous craftsmen appeared and fine works produced.

皮影戏是中国古老的民间传统艺术。

Shadow play is a kind of traditional folk art in China.

3.文化背景的需要

中国古代的四大发明曾经给古代世界的文化发展以巨大的推动。

The Four Great Inventions in ancient China,namely,paper cut⁃ting,printing,compass,and gunpowder,greatly advanced ancient civi⁃lization of the world.

皮影最初由纸制成，后来改由驴皮和牛皮制作，因此而得名。

Shadow puppets were first made of paper,and from the hides of donkeys or oxen.That is why it is called Pi Ying in mandarin.

作为翻译方法的增译法，以以上几种形式突出反映在近些年来的大学英语四级翻译题型中，尤其值得关注和概括总结。

[1]张培基.论汉英翻译技巧.中国对外翻译出版公司，1986，北京

[2]朱光潜.谈翻译.中国翻译工作者协会.北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1984

[3]E.Nida,Towards a Science of Translating,Leiden：E.J.Brill, 1964a,p.159.

Among numerous translation methods,amplification, as one of the most frequently used one,has been applied into a great many sentences translation in Band 4 examination in recent years. This essay aims to summarize the manifestation of word amplification in the exam.

band4 examination；translation；translation methods；amplification；words