红芪多糖对糖尿病大鼠视网膜血小板反应蛋白—1和血小板源性生长因子—B表达的影响
2017-03-22张花治金智生刘莹颉瑞萍
张花治 金智生 刘莹 颉瑞萍
摘要:目的 觀察红芪多糖(HPS)对糖尿病大鼠视网膜血小板反应蛋白-1(TSP-1)和血小板源性生长因子-B(PDGF-B)表达的影响,探讨其对糖尿病视网膜病变的保护作用及可能机制。方法 采用链脲佐菌素腹腔注射建立糖尿病模型。雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为模型组、多贝斯组和HPS高、中、低剂量组,另设正常组,每组10只。各给药组给予相应药物灌胃,模型组和正常组给予等量生理盐水灌胃,1次/d,连续8周。qRT-PCR和免疫组化检测TSP-1和PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表达;HE染色镜下观察视网膜的结构。结果 模型组视网膜各层结构清晰、完整,但外核层疏松变薄、排列紊乱,神经节细胞数量稍减少;各给药组较模型组明显好转。与正常组比较,模型组视网膜TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01),PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.01);与模型组比较,各给药组TSP-1 mRNA和蛋白表达明显升高(P<0.05,P<0.01),PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表达明显降低(P<0.01);HPS高剂量组与其余给药组比较,TSP-1和PDGF-B mRNA和蛋白表达差异有统计学意义(P<0.05,P<0.01)。结论 HPS可能通过升高糖尿病大鼠视网膜组织TSP-1的表达和降低PDGF-B的表达来阻遏糖尿病视网膜病变进程中新生血管生成及增殖,从而起到保护视网膜的作用。
关键词:糖尿病;视网膜;红芪多糖;血小板反应蛋白-1;血小板源性生长因子-B;大鼠
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.03.010
中图分类号:R285.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-5304(2017)03-0038-05
Effects of Hedysari Polysaccharide on Expressions of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in Retina of Diabetic Rats ZHANG Hua-zhi1, JIN Zhi-sheng1, LIU Ying1, JIE Rui-ping2, ZHAO Jian-mei1, GAO Yan2 (1. Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China; 2. Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730020, China)
Abstract: Objective To observe the effects of Hedysari Polysaccharide (HPS) on the expressions of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in the retina of diabetic rats; To discuss the protective effect and possible mechanism on diabetic retinopathy. Methods The diabetic model was established by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. 50 male SPF Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: model group, calcium dobesilate group, and HPS high-, medium-, and low-dose group, extra 10 rats were set as the normal group, 10 rats in each group. Each administration group was given relevant medicine for gavage, while model group and normal control group were given same amount NS for gavage, once a day for 8 weeks. The mRNA and protein expression of TSP-1 and PDGF-B were detected by qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. The retinal structure was observed by HE staining. Results HE staining showed that each layer of the retina of the model group was clear and complete, but the outer nucleus layer became looser, thinner and more disorderly, and the number of ganglion cells decreased slightly; the administration groups were improved markedly compared with the model group. Compared with the normal control group, the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 on the model group dramatically dropped (P<0.01), and those of PDGF-B strikingly increased (P<0.01); Compared with the model group, the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 on all
基金项目:国家自然科学基金地区基金(81360538);甘肃省青年科技基金计划(145RJYA297)
administration groups rose (P<0.05, P<0.01), and those of PDGF-B went down (P<0.01); Compared with all other administration groups, there was statistical significance in the mRNA level and protein expression of retina TSP-1 and PDGF-B on HPS high-dose group (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion HPS may prevent the angiogenesis and proliferation in diabetic retinopathy process through adjusting the content of TSP-1 and PDGF-B in retina of diabetic rats so as to protect the retina.
Key words: diabetes mellitus; retina; Hedysari Polysaccharide; TSP-1; PDGF-B; rats
糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病严重的微血管并发症之一,以视网膜微血管的闭塞及渗出为主要特征,是目前成人首要的致盲原因之一[1],也是全球中老年人视力下降的主要原因[2]。病理性血管新生是其发生的重要病理改变。相关研究表明,血小板反应蛋白-1(thrombospondin-l,TSP-1)与血小板源性生长因子-B(platelet-derived growth factor-B,PDGF-B)与新生血管的形成密切相关[3-4],TSP-1被公认为是一种有效的内源性血管生成抑制因子,是第一个被证实可发挥关键作用的天然血管生成抑制剂[5]。PDGF-B广泛存在于发育中的血管,能够促进微血管周细胞生长,保持微血管的正常功能和稳定性[6],可作为DR早期诊断及病程进展的检测指标[7]。前期研究表明,红芪多糖(Hedysari Polysaccharide,HPS)可通过降低糖尿病大鼠和db/db小鼠视网膜上新生血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)的表达,降低血管通透性,起到保护视网膜的作用[8-9]。
本研究采用qRT-PCR和免疫组化方法观察HPS对糖尿病大鼠视网膜TSP-1、PDGF-B表达的影响,进一步探讨HPS对DR进程中新生血管的生成与增殖的影响及可能的作用机制。
1 实验材料
1.1 动物
SPF级Wistar大鼠60只,雌雄各半,8周龄,体质量180~220 g,甘肃中医药大学SPF级实验动物中心,动物许可证号SCXK(甘)2011-0001。饲养于甘肃中医药大学SPF级实验室,标准饲料喂养,自由饮水,室温23~25 ℃,湿度50%~70%,实验前适应性喂养1周。
1.2 药物
链脲佐菌素(STZ),Sigma公司;HPS,甘肃中医药大学药学院邵晶副教授进行药物鉴定并提取,纯度为87.44%;羟苯磺酸钙胶囊(多贝斯),西安利君制药有限责任公司,批号14050056。
1.3 主要试剂与仪器
TSP-1鼠抗人多克隆抗体(批号bS-2715R)、兔抗人PDGF-B多克隆抗体(批号bS-0185R),北京博奥森生物技术有限公司;DAB显色试剂盒(批号K155615B)、兔SP检测试剂盒(批号15155A11),北京中杉金桥生物技术有限公司;总RNA提取试剂盒Ⅱ(批号R6934-01),OMEGA公司;TranScriptor cDNA第一链合成试剂盒(批号10842320),Roche公司;2×GreenStar PCR MasterMix(批号1418J),BIONEER公司;TSP-1上游引物5'-CTCTGATG GTGATGGCCGAG-3',下游引物5'- ATGGCGGACAA CCCAGTTAG-3',产物长度184 bp;PDGF-B上游引物5'-ATGACCCGAGCACATTCTGG-3,下游引物5'- ACACCTCTGTACGCGTCTTG-3,产物长度121 bp;以β-actin作为内参照,上游引物5'-GAGGGAAA TCCTGCGTGAC-3',下游引物5'-GGAGCCAGGC CAGTAATC-3',产物长度246 bp;One Touch血糖测定仪(美国强生Lifescan公司,型号稳豪倍优),台式高速冷冻离心机(上海天美生化仪器设备,型号CT14RD),掌上离心机(美国SCILOGEX 公司,型号D1008),微量电动组织匀浆器(Tiangen公司,型号OSE-Y10),超微量紫外分析仪(美国Quawell公司,型号Q5000),RT-PCR热循环仪(美国ABI公司,型号7500),冰箱(青岛海尔股份有限公司,型号BCD-29W),光学显微镜(日本OLYMPUS公司,型號U-LH100HG)。
2 实验方法
2.1 造模
造模前对大鼠进行全身及眼部检查以排除原发性疾病。随机选取50只大鼠,禁食12 h,30 mg/kg STZ腹腔注射,连续3 d,72 h后尾静脉取血检测血糖,空腹血糖>16.7 mmol/L者即为糖尿病大鼠模型。造模后1周,复测空腹血糖,空腹血糖>16.7 mmol/L即为造模成功。另外10只腹腔注入等量柠檬酸钠缓冲液,72 h后测量空腹血糖均<5.6 mmol/L,设为正常组。