中考介词考点梳理

胡瑞明

介词是一种用来表示词与词之间、词与句之间的关系的词，不能单独做句子成分。介词貌似简单，但当其与名词、动词、形容词等搭配起来就“变化多端”了，因此介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一， 其用法变化多样。中考对介词的考查主要是其基本用法和习惯搭配。现以近三年的中考试题为例，将介词常见考点梳理一遍。

一、对时间介词的考查

【中考例题】

1. （2016年盐城卷） The 3-D film The Angry Birds opened in Chinese cinemas ____ May 20th， 2016.

A. on B. at

C. in D. to

2. （2016年青岛卷） Tim is going to give his father a surprise ____ Fathers Day.

A. in B. at

C. on D. by

3. （2016年成都卷） Teachers Day is ____ September 10th.

A. in B. on

C. at

4. （2016年黄冈卷） —Junior high school days will be over ____ a week. How are you feeling？

—Im trying to keep my cool because weve been together ____ three years.

A. in； in B. for； in

C. in； for D. for； for

5. （2016年南京卷） Yingqi Bird Nest Library， the smallest library in the world， was opened to the public in Nanjings Huashu Village ____ the World Reading Day this year.

A. on B. in

C. at D. as

6. （2016年资阳卷） —Hi， Susan， when is Teachers Day in China？

—Its ____ September 10th.

A. in B. on

C. at D. for

7. （2015年凉山卷） —Do you know Victory Day in China？

—Yes， its ____ September 3rd ____ each year. It tells the world that Chinese people love peace and hate wars. Chinese people will never forget the history.

A. in； on B. on； /

C. at； / D. on； in

8. （2015年临沂卷） For many Western people， they drink cold water even ____ winter.

A. on B. for

C. at D. in

9. （2015年武威卷） —The charity walk begins ____ 9：00. Dont be late.

—No problem.

A. at B. by

C. in D. on

10. （2015年安徽卷） The Dragon Boat Festival this year will come ____ four days.

A. after B. for

C. during D. in

11. （2015年安顺卷） —When is Lang Langs concert？

—Its ____ three oclock ____ the afternoon of December 18th.

A. at； in B. at； on

C. on； in D. in； on

12. （2015年莱芜卷） Anna is in a hurry because the train is leaving ____ half an hour.

A. for B. by

C. in D. after

13. （2015年云南卷） The Third China-South Asia EXPO was held in Kunming ____ June 12th to June 16th.

A. on B. in

C. at D. from

14. （2015年菏泽卷短文填空） After walking around ____ some time， she came to a river.

15. （2015年德州卷综合填空） He has been away from home s____ two days ago.

16. （2015年温州卷词汇运用） The Highland Museum is open every day ____ Monday.

Key：

1～5 ACBCA 6～10 BBDAD

11～13 BCD 14. for 15. since 16. except

【考点点睛】

★on常表示在具体的某一天或具体某一天的上午、下午或晚上等。

★at多表示在某个时刻或瞬间，或用在节假日前表示“在……期间”。

★in则用于月份、季节、年、年代、世纪等，或泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上。此外，“in +时间段”表示“在……之后”，常用于一般将来时。

★“after +具体时刻”表示“在……之后”。

★since后接时间点或过去时的句子，表示“自从……以来”。

★for后接时间段，表示“持续一段时间”。

★by表示“在……之前，不迟于，到……为止”，多与完成时态连用。

二、对地点、方位介词的考查

【中考题例】

1. （2016年重庆A卷） Jim lives ____ a small village and the air there is very fresh.

A. on B. in

C. under D. from

2. （2016年达州卷） —Where is Mary flying？

—She is flying to France soon. She will arrive ____ Paris ____ the morning of July 2nd.

A. to； on B. at； on

C. in； in D. in； on

3. （2016年天津卷） You can buy almost everything ____ the Internet， and its very cheap.

A. into B. for

C. at D. on

4. （2015年泰州卷） —I like the weather in Kunming. Its warm all year long.

—Yes. And the temperature stays ____ zero all the time.

A. at B. below

C. around D. above

5. （2015年苏州卷） In cold winter， the temperature in Harbin often remains ____ zero all day.

A. above B. below

C. over D. under

6. （2015年益阳卷） The bank is ____ the bookstore and the post office.

A. at the front of B. among

C. between D. in

7. （2015年潍坊卷） You must be careful when you swim ____ the lake.

A. across B. below

C. over D. through

8. （2015年铜仁卷） —Excuse me， where is the bookstore？

—Go ____ the bridge. Youll see it on your left.

A. on B. cross

C. across D. through

9. （2015年绥化卷） Heilongjiang Province is ____ the northeast of China.

A. to B. in

C. on D. at

10. （2015年杭州卷） Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavily ____ the windows.

A. below B. across

C. behind D. against

11. （2015年恩施卷） There are some apples ____ the tree and some birds are standing ____ the tree.

A. on； on B. in； on

C. on； in

Key：

1～5 BDDDB 6～10 CACBD 11. C

【考点点睛】

中考对表示地点或方位的介词的考查比较宽泛，在复习时，同学们需要掌握下列介词表示地点或方位的用法：

★at用于较小的场所前（如建筑物、公共场所等）或用于门牌号码前。

★in用于较大的地方前（如国家、城市、乡镇、地区等）。

★on表示“在……上面”，即“与……表面相接触”。

★over表示“在……正上方”，两者不接触。

★under表示“在……正下方”，两者不接触。

★above表示“在……的上方”，两者不接触，不一定垂直。

★below表示“在……的下方”，两者不接触，不一定垂直。

★between表示“在……（两者）之间”。

★among表示“在……（三者及以上）之间”。

★across表示“横过、越过（从表面跨过）”。

★through表示“穿过”，即从内部穿过。

★past / by表示“从旁边经过或路过”。

三、对手段、方法介词的考查

【中考题例】

1. （2016年德州卷） Nobody could solve this difficult problem alone ____ others help.

A. with B. for

C. without D. from

2. （2016年菏泽卷） Please e-mail me ____ sdshzs666@163.com if you have any questions.

A. on B. at

C. to

3. （2016年河北卷） Class， lets see who can spell the most words ____ these letters.

A. at B. into

C. on D. with

4. （2016年东营卷） At the farewell party， Kobe Bryant said， “____ the support of my fans， it would be hard for me to achieve such great success.”

A. With B. Under

C. Through D. Without

5. （2015年镇江卷） Ma Yun， the Chairperson of Alibaba Group， has made much money ____ the Internet.

A. through B. along

C. across D. towards

6. （2014年上海卷） More and more people in Shanghai choose to go to work ____ underground.

A. in B. with

C. by D. for

7. （2014年成都卷） Gina， whats this ____ English？

A. by B. for

C. in D. with

8. （2014年莱芜卷） We can save money ____ cooking our own meals instead of eating outside.

A. by B. to

C. for D. with

Key：

1～5 CBDDA 6～8 CCA

【考点点睛】

中考对表示手段或方法的介词的考查主要集中在介词with，in和by的用法上。

★with后接具体的工具，与后面的名词或代词构成介词短语，指“借助于，用”。

★in可用于使用某种语言，或采用墨水、颜色、颜料等原料，其后的名词前不加冠词。

★by表示某种方式或手段，其后的名词前也不加冠词。

四、对其他常用介词的考查

【中考题例】

1. （2016年兰州卷） —Alice， would you like to go hiking with us？

—What a pity！ I am free every day ____ today.

A. for B. except

C. besides D. among

2. （2016年黄石卷） It is necessary ____ us to help our friends out when they meet difficulties.

A. to B. of

C. with D. for

3. （2016年东营卷） ____ running after success， we have a lot of other interesting things to do in our lives.

A. By B. On

C. Besides D. Except

4. （2016年永州卷） It is important ____ us to make full use of time.

A. for B. of

C. with

5. （2015年惠安卷） —We are going to play a football game ____ Class 6 this Friday.

—I will cheer you on. I hope our class will win.

A. for B. against

C. to

6. （2015年福州卷） —What a nice dress！ Is it made ____ silk？

—Yes. I bought it in Hangzhou.

A. in B. by

C. of

7. （2015年福州卷） —Do you remember what she looked like when you first met her？

—Of course. She was tall and thin ____ long hair.

A. in B. with

C. on

8. （2015年资阳卷） When I got into the room， Green was talking ____ the phone.

A. on B. with

C. to D. in

9. （2015年烟台卷） Welcome to our store. We have skirts ____ all colors ____ $16 each.

A. at； in B. in； for

C. at； at D. in； in

10. （2015年淮安卷） Helen is friendly and she always has a smile ____ her face.

A. on B. with

C. at D. for

11. （2015年常州卷） —Would you like to visit the zoo with me now？

—Sorry. Its ____ the visiting hours. Lets go there tomorrow.

A. on B. over

C. during D. beyond

Key：

1～5 BDCAB 6～10 CBABA

11. D

【考点点睛】

除了对in，at，on，with，of等常见介词的考查外，中考还考查了其他一些介词的用法，如：over“遍及，超过”；against“反对，紧贴着、紧靠着，毗连”；beyond“晚于、较迟于、过了……以后，超出（某种数量、限度等）”；without“没有”等。在日常学习中，同学们需要注意积累这些基础知识。

四、对介词短语的考查

【中考题例】

1. （2016年山西卷） Pandas are much-loved around the world. Unluckily， there arent many pandas left and theyre ____ now. So we must save them.

A. in order B. in danger C. in need

2. （2016年温州卷） Vienna is famous for having many great musicians. ____， Johann Strauss the younger wrote hundreds of wonderful pieces of music there.

A. In fact B. For example

C. As a result D. In my opinion

3. （2015年宜昌卷） —Many teenagers put mobile gaming ____ other things and spend too much time on it.

—Thats really bad.

A. up to B. as for

C. ahead of D. along with

4. （2015年南宁卷） Jim sits behind me， so I sit ____ him.

A. at the top of

B. at the end of

C. in the middle of

D. in front of

5. （2015年漳州卷） —Look， so many dark clouds！

—You should take an umbrella ____ rain.

A. instead of B. in case of

C. with the help of

6. （2015年厦门卷） In English， we say that sharing a problem is like cutting it ____.

A. into half B. in half

C. by half

7. （2016年自贡卷） This restaurant ____ people ____ delicious food.

A. provides； for B. offers； to

C. provides； with

8. （2016年济宁卷） We should be kind to the old and take care ____ them in daily life.

A. of B. for

C. with D. about

9. （2016年攀枝花卷） My English teacher is always strict ____ us.

A. in B. of

C. with D. about

10. （2016年襄阳卷） —Who is Dave looking ____？

—His mother. Shes been in hospital for a few days.

A. for B. after

C. at D. up

11. （2016年郴州卷） —The summer vac-ation is coming. Im looking forward ____ it.

—Me， too.

A. at B. to

C. on

12. （2015年滨州卷） My mother says my friend is similar ____ me， but I think she is different ____ me.

A. as； from B. to； from

C. to； to D. as； to

13. （2015年孝感卷） Jennys uncle is a scientist. She is proud ____ him.

A. from B. at

C. in D. of

14. （2015年盐城卷） This photo reminded the old man ____ the days when he was young.

A. with B. for

C. by D. of

15. （2015年海南卷） I like reading， so I always spend my pocket money ____ books.

A. on B. in

C. at

Key：

1～5 BBCDB 6～10 BCACB

11～15 BBDDA

【考点点睛】

中考对介词短语的考查主要体现在四个方面：“介词+名词”“be+形容词+介词”“动词+介词”和“介词+名词+介词”。同学们在备考过程中必须熟记常见搭配。

★“介词+名词”： at noon“在中午”；at night“在晚上”；at work“在工作”；at times“有时”；at midnight“在午夜”；at the moment“此刻”；by bus“乘公共汽车”；by the way“顺便说”； by mistake“错误地”；in order“整整齐齐”；in English“用英语”；in fact“事实上”；on show“展出”；on duty“值日”；on foot“步行”；on business“出差”；on holiday“在休假”；on sale“在出售”；with pleasure“很乐意”等。

★“be+形容词+介词”：be angry with“生（某人的）气”；be afraid of“害怕”；be busy with“忙于做……”；be good at“擅长于”；be full of“充满”；be kind to“对……和善”；be interested in“对……感兴趣”；be famous for“因……而著名”；be late for“迟到”；be popular with“受……欢迎”；be proud of“对……感到骄傲”；be ready for“为……准备好”；be satisfied with“对……满意”等。

★“动词+介词”：agree with“同意”；ask for“请求”；hear from“收到（某人）的信”；hear of“听说”；look at“看”；look for“寻找”；look after“照顾”；pay for“付钱”；send for“派人去叫”；talk about“谈论”；think about“考虑”；wait for“等候”；write to“写信给……”；worry about“担心”；laugh at“嘲笑”；fall behind“落在……后面”；knock at“敲”等。

★“介词+名词+介词”：with the help of sb.“在某人的帮助下”；at the foot of “在……脚下”；on the top of“在……顶端”；in the middle of “在……中间”；in the front of “在……前面”；in the east of“在……东部”；by means of“借助”；at the beginning of“起初”；by the end of“到……为止”；at the age of“在……岁时”；at the head of “在……前面”等。

巩固练习：

从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。

1. Cambridge is a small city ____ the east of England.

A. between B. with

C. in D. under

2. Dont be late ____ class. We must be on time.

A. for B. to

C. in D. at

3. —Could you tell me the way ____ the railway station？

—Go along this road and soon youll find it.

A. at B. to

C. in D. between

4. There was a big crowd waiting ____ the opening ceremony to start.

A. by B. from

C. for D. with

5. Wild animals are our friends. We shouldnt kill them ____ food or clothing.

A. in B. with

C. about D. for

6. Everyone is born ____ the ability to learn.

A. at B. on

C. with D. in

7. One of the opinions ____ smoking is that it is harmful to peoples health.

A. for B. against

C. at D. in

8. They are going to buy a house ____ a garden and a garage.

A. in B. with

C. at D. of

9. Reading in the sun is not good ____ your eyes.

A. for B. about

C. with D. in

10. It is careless ____ him to lose his wallet again. I think it necessary ____ him to be more careful next time.

A. of； to B. of； for

C. for； for D. with； to

11. —You are so lucky.

—What do you mean ____ that？

A. for B. in

C. of D. by

12. The blind man walked across the street ____ the help of a boy.

A. by B. at

C. in D. with

13. You cant wear a blue jacket ____ that shirt—itll look terrible.

A. on B. above

C. up D. over

14. Everyone wants to win. But ____ me， the most important thing is to learn something new and have fun.

A. as for B. thanks to

C. instead of D. such as

15. Mr. Greens office is ____ the 26th floor. You can take the lift there.

A. at B. in

C. on D. for

16. The Well Hotel stands in a quiet place ____ the main road at the far end of the lake.

A. to B. for

C. off D. out

17. The traffic accident happened ____ Saturday. Luckily， no one was hurt.

A. at B. in

C. on D. for

18. The birds singing came into our room ____ the window and woke me up in the early morning.

A. down B. from

C. through D. across

19. Healthy eating ____ regular exercise is the best way to keep fit.

A. less than B. instead of

C. such as D. together with

20. We were very surprised ____ the news.

A. into B. at

C. out of D. for

21. Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes ____ animals both on land and sea？

A. about B. to

C. with D. over

22. The little pupil took his grandma ____ the arm and walked her across the street.

A. on B. by

C. in D. at

23. My friend， Henry， was born ____ June 10th， 1997.

A. in B. on

C. at D. for

24. Walk along the street， and youll see the hospital ____ your left.

A. in B. past

C. on D. over

25. If you do things ____， usually you cant do them well.

A. in a hurry B. from now on

C. just now D. at once