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微小RNA-133在慢性心力衰竭患者血清中表达及与心肌重构和心功能的相关性

2016-12-07张雪莲原芳

安徽医药 2016年10期
关键词:左室重构心功能

张雪莲,原芳

(1.衡水市第二人民医院,河北 衡水 053000;2.河南省人民医院心内科,河南 郑州 450003)



◇临床医学◇

微小RNA-133在慢性心力衰竭患者血清中表达及与心肌重构和心功能的相关性

张雪莲1,原芳2

(1.衡水市第二人民医院,河北 衡水 053000;2.河南省人民医院心内科,河南 郑州 450003)

目的 探讨微小RNA-133在慢性心力衰竭(CHF)患者血清中表达及与心肌重构和心功能相关性。方法 选取CHF患者136例,根据美国NYHA分级标准分为:Ⅰ~Ⅱ级45例、Ⅲ级53例、Ⅳ级38例;同期,从体检中心选取健康者50例作为对照组。所有研究对象均行超声心动图检查,检测血清中N末端B型钠肽原(NT-proBNP)水平和血清中miR-133表达。结果 CHF患者血清NT-proBNP水平、miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均高于对照组,Ⅳ级患者血清NT-proBNP水平、miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CHF患者左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左心房内径(LAP)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPW)和左室质量指数(LVMI)均较对照组增加,而左室重构指数(LVRI)、心输出量(CO)和左室射血分数(LVEF)均较对照组减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Ⅰ~Ⅱ级患者LAP、LVPW和LVMI均低于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,且Ⅲ级均低于Ⅳ级,LVRI、CO和LVEF均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅳ级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);Pearson相关分析显示,CHF患者血清中miR-133a表达量与NT-proBNP、LAP、LVPW和LVMI呈正相关(r=0.801、0.620、0.346和0.313,P<0.05),而与CO和LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.335和-0.523,P<0.05),血清中miR-133b表达量与NT-proBNP、LAP、LVPW和LVMI呈正相关(r=0.732、0.593、0.371和0.266,P<0.05),而与LVRI 、CO和LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.194、-0.260和-0.543,P<0.05)。结论 miR-133a和miR-133b在CHF患者血清中表达量升高,与心肌重构和心脏功能密切相关。

心力衰竭;微RNAs;心室重构;心脏功能试验;超声心动描记术;聚合酶链反应

慢性心力衰竭(chronic heart failure,CHF)作为临床上常见疾病,是各种心脏疾病的终末阶段,随着我国老龄化加速,该病发病率逐年增加[1],具有较高的致死、致残率,严重影响患者生存质量,给社会和家庭带来沉重负担。研究证实,神经内分泌过度激活和心脏重塑是CHF发生的重要机制[2]。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)作为高度保守的非编码短小单链RNA,参与机体多种生物学功能,且表达具有较严格的细胞、组织和发育阶段特异性[3],研究表明,miRNA参与了冠状动脉粥样硬化、冠心病、心肌梗死等多种心血管疾病发病过程[4]。有研究[5]指出,微小RNA-133(miR-133)特异性表达于心脏组织,且与心脏细胞发育、凋亡、心肌重构等过程密切相关。本研究拟对miR-133在CHF患者血清中表达变化进行研究,探讨其与心肌重构和心功能的相关性,以期为临床早期评估CHF提供参考指标。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料 选取2014年2月至2015年8月在衡水市第二人民医院心内科住院治疗的CHF患者136例,其中,男性77例,女性59例,年龄35~74岁,平均年龄(60.8±10.2)岁,均符合CHF诊断标准。原发疾病:高血压性心脏病41例,冠心病42例,风湿性心脏病22例,扩张型心肌病31例。病例纳入标准:CHF病史>6个月,心力衰竭症状持续>6个月,左室射血分数<45%,左室舒张末内径:男性>55 mm,女性>50 mm。排除标准:合并有心脏瓣膜病、急性心包炎、阻塞性肺部疾病及肺动脉栓塞者,肝肾等重要脏器功能障碍者,近1月内行经皮冠脉介入(PCI)治疗者及有过不稳定心绞痛、急性心肌炎和急性心肌梗死者。根据美国NYHA分级标准分为:Ⅰ~Ⅱ级45例、Ⅲ级53例、Ⅳ级38例。同期,从体检中心选取健康者50例作为对照组,其中,男性28例,女性22例,年龄35~74岁,平均年龄(58.6±9.7)岁。本研究通过衡水市第二人民医院伦理委员会批准,所有患者均知情同意。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 超声心动图检查 利用Philips iE33超声检测仪对所有研究对象进行二维和三维超声心动图检查,根据美国超声心动图学会推荐的方法对反映研究对象心肌重构指标进行检测,包括左室舒张末内径(LVEDD)、左心房内径(LAP)、左心室后壁厚度(LVPW)、左室质量指数(LVMI)、左室重构指数(LVRI);利用二维上平面法对反映心功能指标进行检测,包括心输出量(CO)和左室射血分数(LVEF)。

1.2.2 检测血清中N末端B型钠肽原(NT-proBNP)水平 所有研究对象于入院次日抽取晨起空腹静脉血6 mL,离心后,保存于-70 ℃冰箱以备检。利用电化学发光免疫全自动分析仪(购自瑞士Roche公司)检测血清中NT-proBNP水平,试剂盒购自上海超研生物科技有限公司。

1.2.3 利用实时荧光定量PCR技术检测研究对象血清中miR-133表达 取血清,用TRIzol总RNA提取试剂盒(购自北京雷根生物技术有限公司)对血清中总RNA进行提取,并用紫外分光光度计检测样品纯度,以A260/A280≥1.80作为合格样品。用逆转录试剂盒(购自宝生物公司)进行逆转录获得模板cDNA,以cDNA为模板用PCR试剂盒(购自宝生物公司)进行PCR。miR-133及内参引物均由上海生工公司设计合成,引物序列分别为:miR-133a:上游:5’-GCCAAGCTGGTAAAATGGAA-3’,下游:5’-TATGGTTTTGACGACTGTGTGAT-3’;miR-133b:上游:5’-TTTGGTCCCCTTCAACCAGCTA-3’,下游:5’-GTGCAGGGTCCGAGGT-3’,U6:上游:5’-CGCAAGGATGACACGCAAATTC-3’,下游:5’-GTGCAGGGTCCGA-3’。PCR反应条件:92 ℃ 60 s,92 ℃ 60 s,56 ℃ 30 s,74 ℃ 30 s,连续进行36次循环。每个样品均设置三个平行反应复孔。用2-△△Ct法获得样品中miR-133a和miR-133b表达量。

2 结果

2.1 不同研究对象血清NT-proBNP水平和miR-133a、miR-133b表达比较 CHF患者血清NT-proBNP水平、miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均高于对照组,Ⅳ级患者血清NT-proBNP水平、miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表1。

2.2 不同研究对象心肌重构和心功能指标比较 CHF患者LVEDD、LAP、LVPW和LVMI均较对照组增加,而LVRI、CO和LVEF均较对照组减少,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),Ⅰ~Ⅱ级患者LAP、LVPW和LVMI均低于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,且Ⅲ级均低于Ⅳ级,LVRI、CO和LVEF均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅳ级,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),见表2。

表1 不同研究对象血清NT-proBNP水平和miR-133a、miR-133b表达比较

注:与对照组相比,aP<0.05;与Ⅰ~Ⅱ级相比,bP<0.05;与Ⅲ级相比,cP<0.05。

表2 不同研究对象心肌重构和心功能指标比较±s

注:与对照组相比,aP<0.05;与Ⅰ~Ⅱ级相比,bP<0.05;与Ⅲ级相比,cP<0.05。

2.3 CHF患者血清中miR-133a和miR-133b表达量与NT-proBNP、心肌重构和心功能指标相关性 Pearson相关分析显示,CHF患者血清中miR-133a表达量与NT-proBNP、LAP、LVPW和LVMI呈正相关(r=0.801、0.620、0.346和0.313,P<0.05),而与CO和LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.335和-0.523,P<0.05);CHF患者血清中miR-133b表达量与NT-proBNP、LAP、LVPW和LVMI呈正相关(r=0.732、0.593、0.371和0.266,P<0.05),而与LVRI 、CO和LVEF呈负相关(r=-0.194、-0.260和-0.543,P<0.05)。

3 讨论

CHF作为各类心血管疾病的终末期表现,临床症候群较为复杂,表现为心脏收缩和(或)舒张功能障碍,出现心肌重构而发生一系列病理学改变[6],目前,具体发生机制尚未完全阐明。研究表明[7],miRNA在多种心血管疾病发生过程中发挥重要作用。有研究指出[8],心肌梗死后发生左心室心肌重构的患者血浆miR-133a水平升高,且与左室重构有关。动物试验表明[9],miR-133参与了小鼠心肌重构的调控过程。miR-133包括miR-133a和miR-133b两个类型,特异性表达于心脏的心肌细胞,在调控心肌细胞凋亡、心肌发育及纤维化过程中发挥重要作用[10]。本研究显示,CHF患者血清miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均高于对照组,Ⅳ级患者血清miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,说明CHF患者血清中miR-133出现了表达异常,且随着CHF病情进展而表达升高,提示miR-133可能参与了CHF病程进展。

NT-proBNP作为心室肌细胞合成物质,与左心室压力密切相关,是心力衰竭的独立预测指标[11],本研究显示,CHF患者血清NT-proBNP水平均高于对照组,Ⅳ级患者血清NT-proBNP水平均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅰ~Ⅱ级,说明NT-proBNP是反映CHF病情进展的指标,Pearson相关分析显示,CHF患者血清中miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均与NT-proBNP水平呈正相关,提示miR-133亦可作为评估CHF患者病情的指标。本研究显示,CHF患者LVEDD、LAP、LVPW和LVMI均较对照组增加,而LVRI、CO和LVEF均较对照组减少,Ⅰ~Ⅱ级患者LAP、LVPW和LVMI均低于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,且Ⅲ级均低于Ⅳ级,LVRI、CO和LVEF均高于Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级,且Ⅲ级均高于Ⅳ级,说明CHF患者心肌发生了重构且心脏功能下降,而且随着患者病情进展,心肌重构越严重、心脏功能越差,Pearson相关分析显示,CHF患者血清中miR-133a和miR-133b表达量均与LAP、LVPW和LVMI呈正相关,而与CO和LVEF呈负相关,说明血清miR-133a和miR-133b表达量与CHF患者心肌重构和心脏功能指标密切相关,可作为反映CHF患者心肌重构和心脏功能的指标。

综上所述,CHF患者血清miR-133a和miR-133b表达量升高,且随着患者病情进展而增加,与心肌重构和心脏功能密切相关。

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[3] 吉晓明,吴白群,倪春辉.MicroRNAs的靶向治疗现状及展望[J].中华劳动卫生职业病杂志,2015,33(11):869-873.

[4] Wronska A,Kurkowska-Jastrzebska I,Santulli G.Application of microRNAs in diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular disease[J].Acta Physiol(Oxf),2015,213(1):60-83.

[5] 李达,彭卫平,沈莉,等.miRNA-133与冠心病的关系[J].中国动脉硬化杂志,2015,23(8):851-854.

[6] Harkness K,Spaling MA,Currie K,et al.A systematic review of patient heart failure self-care strategies[J].J Cardiovasc Nurs,2015,30(2):121-135.

[7] Romaine SP,Tomaszewski M,Condorelli G,et al.MicroRNAs in cardiovascular disease:an introduction for clinicians[J].Heart,2015,101(12):921-928.

[8] Izarra A,Moscoso I,Levent E,et al.miR-133a enhances the protective capacity of cardiac progenitors cells after myocardial infarction[J].Stem Cell Reports,2014,3(6):1029-1042.

[9] Li S,Xiao FY,Shan PR,et al.Overexpression of microRNA-133a inhibits ischemia-reperfusion-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis by targeting DAPK2[J].J Hum Genet,2015,60(11):709-716.

[10] Yu H,Lu Y,Li Z,et al.microRNA-133:expression,function and therapeutic potential in muscle diseases and cancer[J].Curr Drug Targets,2014,15(9):817-828.

[11] Hill SA,Booth RA,Santaguida PL,et al.Use of BNP and NT-proBNP for the diagnosis of heart failure in the emergency department:a systematic review of the evidence[J].Heart Fail Rev,2014,19(4):421-438.

Expression of miR-133 in the serum of patients with chronic heart failure and its correlation with myocardial remodeling and cardiac function

ZHANG Xuelian1,YUAN Fang2

(1.TheSecondRenminHospital,Hengshui,Hebei053000,China;2.DepartmentofCardiology,HenanRenminHospital,Zhengzhou,Henan450003,China)

Objective To investigate the expression of miR-133 in the serum of patients with chronic heart failure(CHF) and its correlation with myocardial remodeling and cardiac function.Methods A hundred and thirty-six cases of patients with CHF were selected,and were assigned into different groups according to American NYHA classification standards:Ⅰ~Ⅱ grade 45 cases,Ⅲ grade 53 cases and Ⅳ grade 38 cases.During the same period,50 cases of health were selected as the control group.All subjects took echocardiographic examination.The levels of N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide(NT-proBNP) and miR-133 were detected.Results The serum levels of NT-proBNP and expression levels of miR-133a and miR-133b in patients with CHF were higher than the control group;the serum levels of NT-proBNP and expression levels of miR-133a and miR-133b in Ⅳ grade patients were higher than Ⅲ grade and Ⅰ~Ⅱ grade,and Ⅲ grade were higher than Ⅰ~Ⅱ grade.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The LVEDD,LAP,LVPW and LVMI in patients with CHF were increased,while LVRI,CO and LVEF were decreased compared with the control group.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The LAP,LVPW and LVMI in Ⅰ~Ⅱ grade patients were lower than Ⅲ grade and Ⅳ grade,and Ⅲ grade were lower than Ⅳ grade;LVRI,CO and LVEF were higher than Ⅲ grade and Ⅳ grade,and Ⅲ grade were higher than Ⅳ grade.The differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed that the expression levels of miR-133a in patients with CHF were positively correlated with NT-proBNP,LAP,LVPW and LVMI(r=0.801,0.620,0.346 and 0.313,P<0.05),while were negatively correlated with CO and LVEF(r=-0.335 and -0.523,P<0.05);the expression levels of miR-133b in patients with CHF were positively correlated with NT-proBNP,LAP,LVPW and LVMI(r=0.732,0.593,0.371 and 0.266,P<0.05),while were negatively correlated with LVRI,CO and LVEF(r=-0.194,-0.260 and -0.543,P<0.05).Conclusions The expression levels of miR-133a and miR-133b in serum of patients with CHF were increased,which were closely related with myocardial remodeling and cardiac function.

Heart failure;MicroRNAs;Ventricular remodeling;Heart function tests;Echocardiography;Polymerase chain reaction

河南省科技发展计划项目(142102310421)

10.3969/j.issn.1009-6469.2016.10.017

2016-03-12,

2016-05-23)

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