阅读理解——选择题型篇

杨书枝供稿

阅读理解
——选择题型篇

杨书枝供稿

在英语阅读理解中，选择型阅读主要考查学生在规定时间内快速阅读英语短文，了解短文的主题思想，对文中信息进行分析、推理、判断，把握上下文事实、细节之间的时空顺序和逻辑关系、理解作者的意图、态度以及文章寓意的能力。阅读理解题的设问手法灵活、提问深入、语篇意识进一步加强。这不仅要求我们理解文章的字面意思，还要求我们理解其内在含义。选择型阅读理解的考查题型主要有四大类：细节理解题、推理判断题、词义推测题和主旨大意题。

技巧点拨

1.解答细节理解题的方法：快速扫读，领悟大意，理解文章结构层次及其细节；认真审题，回扣原文，用寻读法快速查找关键内容。

2.解答推理判断题的方法：读懂原文，抓住关键词、短语、句子或段落，透彻理解文章内容，注意文章结构层次和逻辑关系，并结合阅读材料外的有关生活、社会常识，仔细斟酌，做出准确的推断和引申。

3.解答词义猜测题的方法：我们可以根据同义词或反义词、定义或释义、生活常识、构词法、上下文逻辑关系、句法功能及语境等方法来猜测词义。

4.解答主旨大意题的方法：我们可以于段首或段尾定位主题句、在文章中找出关键词或归纳概括文章的中心思想来确定答案。

专题训练

A

Teary Joe was a little boy.He could make himself cry in less than a second.When Joe wanted something or disliked something， he would cry.In this way， he got everything he wanted， because no one could resist his tearful face.

But one day， Joe met Pipo.Pipo was begging in the street for some money.Pipo was very poor， but he always had the biggest smile on his face.Joe decided to help Pipo.He got much money by crying.But Pipo refused his money.He said he preferred getting something by making an effort （努力）， because it was much more fun and interesting.

Joe walked away sadly， thinking what Pipo said and what he himself did before.

That evening， Joe wanted a delicious cake for his supper.When his mother refused， Joe didn’t cry.He tried to get the cake in another way.So he spent the whole evening helping his mother water the plants and clean the rooms.

In the end， there was no cake.But that wasn’t so bad， because Joe discovered it had been much more fun doing all those things than just crying to get a piece of cake.

1.In which way did Joe get what he wanted？

A.By smiling.

B.By begging.

C.By crying.

D.By helping others.

2.The underlined word “resist” means _.

3.Pipo refused Joe’s money because _.

A.抗拒 B.表达 C.抱怨 D.注意

A.there wasn’t much money

B.he liked getting something by making an effort

C.it’s much more fun and interesting

D.he didn’t need any money at all

4.When mother refused Joe that evening， Joe didn’t cry.From this we know _.

A.Joe didn’t want the cake at all

B.Pipo’s idea influenced him

C.Joe just wanted to help his mother

D.Joe liked working very much

5.What can we learn from the passage？

A.Do not ask for anything.

B.The biggest smile may help you succeed.

C.It is fun for children to get what they want through crying.

D.Children who cry to get what they want are missing a lot of fun.

B

Once， there lived three greedy （贪婪的）brothers in a town.Every day they fought to get more things.One day， their father told them to stop fighting with each other.

But they were still greedy.After thinking for some days， the father had a good idea.He said to his three sons， “If one of you can break off this bundle of sticks （这捆棍子），I will leave all my things to him.” Every son shouted out that he could do it.But no one could do it.

Then， the father divided the bundle into three parts and gave them to each son.This time， the three sons broke them easily.

The father said， “There is nothing you cannot do if the three of you stand together.You should help each other.” From then on，the three brothers got on well with each other.

1.Why did the brother fight with each other？

A.They did it for fun.

B.They wanted to get more things.

C.They had nothing to do.

D.Their father asked them to do that.

2._ broke off the bundle of sticks.

A.The first son

B.The second son

C.The third son

D.No son

3.What’s the meaning of the underlined word “divided”？

A.分割 B.合并 C.制造 D.买卖

4.At last， the three brothers _.

A.fought with each other again

B.stopped fighting

C.fought with their father

D.thought a good idea

5.From the passage we know _.

A.everyone is greedy

B.a father shouldn’t do anything

C.standing together is important

D.people shouldn’t break off sticks

答案解析

A

本文主要讲了一个爱哭的男孩发生转变的故事。Joe能瞬间让自己大哭，并借此得到他想要的东西。有一天，他想通过这种方式帮Pipo，但Pipo拒绝了他，因为Pipo更愿意通过努力得到想要的东西。那天晚上，当妈妈拒绝了Joe的蛋糕要求后，他没有哭。他想换种方式。于是他一整晚都在帮妈妈干活。虽然最终没有蛋糕，但他很高兴，因为他发现做这些事很快乐。文章旨在告诉孩子们：通过哭得到想要的东西的同时也会失去很多乐趣。

1.C.细节理解题。由第一段中“...he would cry.In this way， he got everything he wanted...”可知他是通过“哭”的方式得到他想要的。故选C。

2.A.词义猜测题。第一段最后一句话的前半句“通过这种方式，他得到他想要的任何东西”，可知没有人能“抗拒”他满是泪痕的脸。故选A。

3.B.细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话“He said he preferred getting something by making an effort...”可知B项正确。

4.B.推理判断题。结合上下文可知Joe思考Pipo的话和自己以前做的事后，有了一个很大的改变，由此可判断Pipo的想法影响了Joe。故选B。

5.D.主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文的主旨是想告诉我们通过“哭”的方式得到想要的东西会失掉很多乐趣。故D项所述正确。

B

本文是一篇哲理故事。有三个贪婪的兄弟经常为争夺东西而打架，父亲劝阻无果。于是父亲拿来一捆棍子让他们折，结果没人可以折断；接着父亲把棍子分成三部分，这次三兄弟很容易就折断了。父亲告诉他们，如果三人齐心协力，没有什么是做不到的。于是三人再也不打架了。

1.B.细节理解题。由第一段第二句话“Every day they fought to get more things.”可知他们是为了争东西。故选B。

2.D.细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话“But no one could do it.”可知答案为D。

3.A.词义猜测题。由本句中的“into three parts”可以推知是“分割”成三份。故选A。

4.B.推理判断题。由短文最后一句“From then on， the three brothers got on well with each other.”可推知他们停止了打架。故选B。

5.C.主旨大意题。通读短文，可知本文告诉我们的是团结的重要性，所以C项与之相符。

名师简介

杨书枝，中学英语一级教师、市级骨干教师、英语学科带头人、“研教”双佳教师。有多篇论文发表于省级、国家级刊物；主编《中学教学全解》《中学教材全练》《英语阅读专项突破与特训》《开心英语阅读理解150篇》《轻松阅读训练》等书籍；被《英语周报》等报刊评为“骨干作者”和“精英作者”。多次押中中考的阅读理解、完形填空及书面表达题。