渡江战役纪念馆，安徽，中国

渡江战役纪念馆，安徽，中国

1 外景/Exterior view

2 总平面/Site plan

渡江战役纪念馆位于中国安徽合肥的巢湖北岸，整个纪念园占地约29，000m2，建筑面积约15，000m2，其中纪念馆为园区的核心部分。渡江战役纪念馆是为纪念中国解放战争中跨江统一全中国的重要战役而建设的，该纪念馆以“渡江”“胜利”为主题。我们的创意以简约、象形的表现主义手法表达主题思想，巨大的前倾三角形实体展现出一种势不可挡的力度与动感，从而营造出“渡江”与“胜利”的氛围与场所感。

设计在两块巨大三角实体中间留出一条6m宽的“时空”隧道，将当今与历史贯通于一起，人们通过“渡”与“登”的行为动作体验与感受战争、胜利的隐喻。作为国内战争，两块巨大的纪念体犹如巨碑默默地向后人示意与陈述，以一种崇高的人文精神、包容的态度客观地追忆以往，回顾过去，启迪后人追求和平与进步。

纪念馆室内空间注重序列性与仪式感，近50m长的半圆雕塑巨墙为陈列展示之高潮。雕塑家对作品倾注的激情注入对空间氛围的营造是画龙点睛之笔。沿着展陈流线越过历史的节点与细节，人们会步入水下纪念厅，仰首望去通过水面将室内室外融为一体，创造出特殊的空间交叠与层次感。最后，人们进入军功厅，巨型渡江壁画与满布水下的无名碑，再次将人们的情绪推向一个新的高潮，而后经过军功章环廊步出纪念馆。

整个纪念馆建筑将室外环境与室内展陈统一创意，理念贯穿如一，使其主题意义得以充分表达。据馆方统计，从2012年4月开馆至今，年平均参观人次超过50万。时至今日，纪念馆园区绿树成荫，也成为巢湖岸边一处供市民休闲放松的好去处。

项目信息/Credits and Data

设计团队/Design Team: 孟建民，李劲鹏，邢立华，易豫，肖松，徐婷，李梅等/ MENG Jianmin， LI Jinpeng， XING Lihua， YI Yu， XIAO Song， XU Ting， LI Mei， et al.

用地面积/Site Area: 15，452m2

建筑面积/Floor Area: 14，711m2

设计时间/Design Time: 2007

摄影/Photos: 傅兴/FU Xing

The Memorial of Crossing-the-Yangtze-River Campaign is situated on the north bank of Chaohu Lake in Hefei， Anhui Province. The memorial park has an overall area of 29，000m2， and the construction area is approximately 15，000m2， with the Memorial being the core component of the park. Te Memorial was constructed in honor of the momentous battle where the People's Liberation Army of China crossed the Yangtze River to unify the whole China during the Liberation War， featuring "crossing the Yangtze River" and "victory"， therefore the idea is to highlight the features in a simple and resembling way. Te huge forward leaning triangular body shows an irresistible strength and dynamic， thereby creates the atmosphere of "crossing the Yangtze River" and "victory" as well as the sense of place.

Between two huge triangular bodies， there is a 6m-wide "time-space" tunnel that links up today and the history， and visitors are able to experience the metaphor of war and victory by actually "crossing the river" and "climbing the mountains". As memorials of the domestic war， the two great monuments resemble huge stone tablets， which aim to preserve the historical event for future generations. Based on ideas of humanity's noble spirit and tolerant attitude， the tablets recall the past objectively， and aim to inspire future generations to pursue peace and progress.

Te indoor space of the Memorial lays emphasis on sequentiality and the sense of rite， where the semi-circular sculptural wall that is almost 50m long is the climax of the exhibition. The sculptor's creation of the spatial atmosphere with the passion infused into his work even highlights the essence of the exhibition， where visitors walk along the exhibition route to pass the milestones and details of the history， and then walk into the underwater memorial hall to appreciate the special overlap of spaces and sense of layer by looking up through the water to see the fusion of indoor and outdoor spaces. Lastly， visitors enter the military glory hall，where the huge wall painting featuring crossing the Yangtze River is hung and nameless steles are placed under the water. Visitors' moods are advanced to a new climax in the military glory hall， and then walk out of the memorial via the corridor of military medals.

3 外景/Exterior view

4 首层平面/Floor 1 plan

5 二层平面/Floor 2 plan

6 剖面/Section

7 外景/Exterior view

The whole memorial building unifies the conceptions and ideas of outdoor environment and indoor exhibition， which facilitates the full expression of the themes and purposes of the exhibition. According to official statistics， over 500，000 visitors flocked to the Memorial Museum annually since its opening in April 2012. Today， the Memorial Museum park is full of trees and green plants， so it has also become a place of relaxation along the shore of Chaohu.

8 内景/Interior view

9 剖面/Section

评论

金秋野：渡江战役是解放战争中的决定性事件，毛主席曾有诗云：“钟山风雨起苍黄，百万雄师过大江”，与长征的艰苦卓绝不同，渡江战役是摧枯拉朽的雷霆气势。如何充分表达这份豪迈？孟建民团队在渡江战役纪念馆中采用了基本几何形体的纪念性体量，用三角形的斜线和锐角来强化进逼的动势，用倾斜的造型来代表不可战胜的决心，用超人的尺度来树立丰碑。

场地沿一条垂直于湖面的纵轴展开，馆外从领导人——五前委群雕为起点，依次经过胜利之师雕塑、解放广场、铁石铺成的金沙滩、胜利广场，终止于90m高的五角星胜利塔。建筑位于轴线的前端，俯瞰长方形的水池，遥望苍茫巢湖，以此隐喻大战前空气凝重的瞬间。建筑岿然不动，仿佛蓄势待发，具有强烈的象征性，整洁的石材表面上毫无装饰，形式语言简洁有力。

主体建筑被一条6m宽的中央通路切开，主入口位于倾斜面中线之下，通过大台阶通往二层，路径安排营造出涉水登临的意象。建筑的参观路径也是高度仪式性的，内部空间外方内圆，中央圆形大厅安置着近50m高的半圆形浮雕“胜利之师”，给观众带来强烈的视觉震撼。馆内收藏有上千件征集来的与渡江战役相关的文物，其中不仅包括史料图片，还包括大量的战时物件，并用现代科技手段营造出惊心动魄的战争气氛。

建筑的整体气氛是宁静肃穆的，作为市民休闲的广场，与60多年前的苍茫风雨形成强烈对比，以此突出“和平来之不易”的主题。

Comments

JIN Qiuye: Crossing-the-Yangtze-River Campaign was a decisive event in the War of Liberation. Chairman Mao once made a poem，depicting millions of soldiers crossing the Yangtze-River when revolution started in Nanjing. Different from the arduous and enduring Long March， the Campaign was powerful as thunder. How to fully express this heroism？ In the design of the Memorial of Crossingthe-Yangtze-River Campaign， MENG Jianmin and his team adopted basic geometric shapes in memorial volume. Tey use the diagonals and acute angles of triangle to reinforce the momentum， italic shape to represent the invincible determination， the superhuman scale to build a monument.

The site is along a longitudinal axis perpendicular to the lake. Te outdoor space starts from the Five-Leader Statue， followed by the Master Sculpture of Victory， Liberation Square， stone-paved Golden Beach， and the Victory Square. This sequence ends at a 90m high fve-point star Victory Tower. Te building is located in the front of this axis， overlooking the rectangular pool， gazing into the vast Chao Lake and hence refecting solemn atmosphere before the campaign. Te building sits frmly， gathering momentum. It is highly symbolic. Clean stone surface without decoration shows concise but powerful pattern and language.

The main building is cut by a 6m wide central pathway while the main entrance is under the middle line of the inclined plane. Visitors can take the grand stairs to the Second Floor and the path arrangement creates a sense of climbing in the water. Visiting route is also highly ceremonial. Interior space is round in the center but rectangular on the outside. A near 50m high emboss "Victorious Division"， located in the central round hall， brings a strong visual impact. Museum has thousands of relics associated with the Crossingthe-Yangtze-River Campaign， including not only the historical picture， but also a large numbers of objects in time of war. Moreover，modern technology is used to create a thrilling atmosphere of war.

Te whole building is quiet and solemn. As a public leisure square， it is in strong contrast with the turbulence 60 years ago so as to highlight the theme of hard-won peace. （Translated by ZHANG Xian）

Memorial of Crossing-the-Yangtze-River Campaign， Anhui， China， 2012