拼贴住宅，孟买，印度

拼贴住宅，孟买，印度

建筑设计：S+PS建筑师事务所

Architects: S+PS Architects

生活在印度孟买，城市中的非正规居所是难以忽视的。如果深入观察的话，这种居住方式实际上能够在节俭性、适应性、多功能性、智慧、独创性等方面给人以教益。以这种现象作为对象进行观察，一种临时的、兼收并蓄的、缝补式的、拼贴的视觉语言体系浮现出来。我们尝试借鉴其中的一些经验，并避免将其浪漫化或过分迷恋。项目在不同方面着眼于回收和拼贴的理念，比如从材料、能源等完全物质化的实体到历史、空间和记忆等无形的载体。

建筑的正立面所建立的基调反映了内部空间的布局。其中的“集窗角”是通过城市中被拆除的房屋中回收到的门窗所构成的，它也成为了起居室空间的核心背景，素混凝土板天花与白色抛光大理石镶嵌交错黄铜纹样的地板形成鲜明对比。废旧金属管如同竹子般排列在一起，形成一面“管子墙”，墙面同时整合了结构柱、雨水落水管及以雕塑方式构成的排水口，在雨季为人带来各种感官的愉悦体验。核心庭院中，一侧是废弃锈蚀金属板相互铆固的构成，靠近中间位置是以色彩艳丽的瓷砖样品贴面的种植槽，另一面则使用从石料加工和工地等处运回的石材废弃片料来覆盖墙面。来自一座拆迁房屋中具有百年历史的柱子引人回忆，而在露台层由钢和玻璃构成的轻质小亭（顶部覆有太阳能板）更加强了这种怀旧感，小亭同时也具有俯瞰山坡的绝妙视角。类似的方法在内部材料与元素的使用上再次得到强化，将新与旧、传统与现代、粗糙与精致之间的对比发挥得淋漓尽致。在这里你可以发现对回收材料的利用，诸如旧纺织品布料、用在铺地上的旧缅甸柚木椽檩，殖民风格家具、织物废料等；与对传统元素与材料的创新使用，比如曲线木线脚、倾斜镜面、遗产水泥砖等。

这个项目所使用的建筑语言既新颖，同时也具有一种陌生的熟悉感，使我们重新思考之前视为理所当然的对于美的认知。为了使这座“混搭”建筑更“易接受”，它被“现代性外衣”所包裹。一个外部为粗糙的裸露骨料状态，内部则是打磨光洁表面的混凝土框架将整座建筑包裹起来，并且自后向前连接了跨越三层的所有空间。

在山坡顶部建造本身始终是一件令人兴奋的事情，然而建筑师却发现这个场地四周被相邻建筑完全包围住。这一状况促使建筑师在初期的设计过程中就转而向场地内部出发进行思考，并围绕一座典型印度式庭院进行建造，当然庭院的形式也是适当调整过的。这座庭院实际上置于比地面层高出一层，一座大型雨水蓄水池隐藏在其后，水池被用山体开凿时挖掘出的石块环绕。建筑正是以这种方式，塑造了将四代同堂的大家庭组织和集聚起来的核心空间。□（陈茜 译）?

1 正立面上的各种回收旧木窗/The front façade of the house displays multiple recycled wood windows

2 各要素的分解轴测/Exploded axonometric of elements

3 光线透过客厅的彩色玻璃窗/Light streams through coloured glasses of windows in the living room

项目信息/Credits and Data

项目地址/Location: Parsik Hill，Belapur，Navi Mumbai，India客户/Client: Mr.Bhargava

设计团队/Design Team: Pinkish Shah，Shilpa Gore-Shah，Mayank Patel，Gaurav Agarwal，Shrutika Nirgun，Divya Malu，Manali Patel，Ved Panchwagh，Priyadarshi Srivastava

合作建筑师/Liasion Architects: Sopan Prabhu Architects

结构工程/Structural Engineers: Rajeev Shah & Associates

服务顾问/Services Consultants: Arkk Consultants

景观顾问/Landscape Consultants: S+PS Architects

场地监管/Site Supervision: Amish Mistry Architect

模型/Models: S+PS Architects

项目预算/Project Estimate: Withheld At Owners Request

建筑相关机构及工匠/Architectural Agencies And Craftsmen

主要承包商/Main Civil Contractors: Homework Constructions

材料制造/Fabrication: Deepak Mhatre，Shafibhai，Imam Steel，Furkan Sheikh

灰浆骨料/Aggregate Plaster: Arvind Rathod

窗/Windows: Natwarlal Kawa

垂直测度/Plumbing Works: Ajay Majhi，Hussainbhai

木工/Carpentary: Aditya Rana

电气/Electrical: Praful Sonawane，Mahesh Sawant

饰面施工/Civil Finishing Works: Kantilal Suthar，Sawarmal，Jagdish Mulchand，Jagrut Kumar

油漆与抛光施工/Painting & Polishing Works: Bajrangi

纹理抹灰/Textured Plasters: Junaid

基地面积/Site Area: 350m2

建筑面积/Project Area: 520m2

起始时间/Initiation: 2006

完成时间/Completion: 2015

摄影/Photos: Sebastian Zachariah，Ira Gosalia，Photographix，Pinkish Shah

Living in Mumbai，India is impossible to ignore the informal settlements in the city，and if looked at closely there are many lessons to be learnt in frugality，adaptability，multi-tasking，resourcefulness and ingenuity.A visual language emerges that is of the found object，ad-hoc，eclectic，patched and collaged.An attempt has been made here to apply some of these lessons without romanticizing or fetishizing them.The project looks at the idea of recycling and collage in several ways，from the very physical-like materials，energy，etc.to the intangible-like history，space and memories.

The front façade sets the tone for what lies within，with a "corner of windows" that recycles old windows and doors of demolished houses in the city.This becomes a major backdrop for the living room with a exposed concrete faceted ceiling above countered by the polished white marble with intricate brass inlay on the floor.Metal pipe leftovers pieced together like bamboo form a "pipe wall" integrating structural columns，rainwater pipes taking water down and a sculpture of spouts that in the monsoon are a delight for all the senses.In the central courtyard on one side scrap rusted metal plates are riveted together，Kitsch colored tile samples retain a planter in the middle and on the third side is a wall clad in cut-waste stone slivers lifted off the back of stone cutting yards and waste generated on site.Hundred-year-old columns from a dismantled house bring back memories，and nostalgia is nourished with a lightweight，steel and glass pavilion（with solar panels above） on the terrace level overlooking fabulous views down the hillside.This approach is reinforced again by the interior materials and elements.It plays up this contrast between the old and the new，the traditional and the contemporary，the rough and the fnished.One fnds use of recycled materials like old textile blocks，Flooring out of old Burma teak rafters and purlins，colonial furniture，fabric waste（chindi）along with new ways of using traditional elements and materials like carved wooden mouldings，beveled mirrors，heritage cement tiles，etc.

A language that is both new and strangely familiar at the same time emerges，and it makes us rethink notions of beauty that we take for granted around us.To make this mélange more "acceptable"，it is encased in a "garb of modernity"（Nehru）.This concrete frame - in a rough aggregate fnish outside and in a smooth form finish inside - wraps and connects all the spaces from back to front and across all three levels.

To build on top of a hill is always exciting，until the architects discovered here that they were surrounded by neighbors on all sides.This led early on in the design process to look inwards and build around the quintessential Indian courtyard，albeit slightly modifed.The court is actually raised a foor above the ground level and hidden below is a large rainwater harvesting tank wrapped with rock that was removed from the hillside during excavation.It is the core around which this large four-generation family is organized and comes together.□

Collage House，Mumbai，India，2015

4 首层平面/Floor 0 plan 5 二层平面/Floor 1 plan1-通向首层的室外楼梯/External stairs to foor 0 2-服务用房/Services 3-管道/Duct 4-停车场/Parking 5-礼拜室/Puja room 6-电梯/Elevator 7-门厅/Entrance lounge 8-设备间/Utility 9-卧室/Bedroom 10-员工休息厅/Staff lobby 11-员工用房/Staff room 12-蔬菜园/Vegetable garden 13-50，000L雨水贮水池/50，000L rain water harvesting tank 14-填土/Earth fll

6 三层平面/Floor 2 plan 7 四层平面/Floor 3 plan 15-露台/Veranda 16-庭院/Courtyard 17-溢流池/Spillover pool 18-起居室兼餐厅/Living-dining 19-厨房/Kitchen 20-化妆室/Powder room 21-更衣室/Dresssing 22-书房/Study 23-健身泳池/Lap pool 24-餐具室/Pantry 25-阳台/Balcony 26-平台/Deck 27-屋顶花园/Roof garden 28-吧台/Counter29-屋顶凉亭/Rooftop pavilion 30-旱景阳台/Dry landscape terrace

8 用于正立面的原始的窗/Origin of windows used in front façade9 位于住宅中央的庭院拥有一个容量为50，000L的雨水蓄水池/The courtyard at the centre of this house is built over a 50，000 litres rain water harvesting tank

10 墙体剖面及“窗之墙”施工细节/Wall section and construction detail of "window wall"

11 通过庭院的纵剖面/Longitudinal section through courtyard 1-蔬菜园/Vegetable garden 2-屋顶凉亭/Rooftop pavilion 3-卧室/Bedroom 4-员工休息厅/Staff lobby 5-庭院/Courtyard6-50，000L雨水贮水池/50，000L rain water harvesting tank 7-旱景阳台/Dry landscape terrace 8-起居室兼餐厅/Living-dining 9-停车场/Parking 10-阳台/Balcony