as well as之后的动词形式

闫跃

在表示“除了……之外，也/还；不但……，而且”的意义时，as well as后面可以接动词的多种形式，包括谓语动词形式和各种非谓语动词形式，本文拟对此问题作一简述。

1. as well as后面接doing，可以位于句末，也可置于句首，相当于介词besides或in addition to。如：

She is a talented musician as well as being a photographer. 她不但是摄影师还是个天才的音乐家。

As well as visiting the old man， he helped to clean the room. 除看望老人外，他还帮忙打扫房间。

2. as well as连接两个并列的谓语动词，前后两个动词的时态和数具有一致性。如：

They play the piano as well as sing. 他们不但会唱歌，而且会弹琴。

He works， as well as sleeps， in the room. 他既在这房间里睡觉，又在这儿工作。

He advised me as well as answered my questions. 他除了回答了我的问题，还给我提了建议。

在语言的实际运用中，不乏as well as之后的谓语动词被替换为doing的情形。例如：

He publishes the books， as well as printing them. 他的书是他自己印刷出版的。

3. as well as前面的谓语含有can，may，must，should，have to等情态动词或助动词时，as well as后面的动词形式取决于该情态动词或助动词，通常接动词原形。如：

You may ask the following questions as well as work out some more. 你可以问以下问题，也可以想出一些更多的问题。

4. as well as连接进行时态、完成时态或者被动语态时，后面要省去与前面谓语部分重复的助动词，而仅需接一个分词。如：

We are repairing the roof as well as painting the walls. 我们粉刷墙壁，同时也修理房顶。

They must be looking at the letter as well as talking about it. 他们肯定在阅读信件，并谈论其内容。

It was directed as well as written by Valdez. 它是由瓦尔迪兹创作并导演的。

5. as well as连接两个并列的动词不定式，位于as well as之后的不定式习惯上省略to。如：

He seemed to understand human nature as well as do science. 他看起来不但懂科学，而且通人情。

We cannot expect her to do the homework as well as look after the children. 我们不能指望她既做家庭作业同时又照看孩子。

但是也不乏as well as之后的不定式并未省略to的情形，此时前后两个不定式在结构上的对称性更加明显。如：

Television has become a major instrument of communication， permitting us to see as well as to hear all kinds of programmes. 电视已成为一种重要的通信手段，使我们不仅能听到而且能看到各种各样的节目。

责任编辑 蒋小青