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化学

2015-10-31

中国学术期刊文摘 2015年12期
关键词:锂离子电池

化学

封面介绍:The cover image presents the structures of ammonium persulfate,pyrrole,dopamine and the illustration of nitrogen-doped porous carbon and its application in supercapacitors. On page 685,YANG et al. demonstrate that nitrogen-doped porous carbon has good electrochemical performance for supercapacitors due to its unique pore-size distribution,large surface area,and excellent conductivity.

多巴胺改性聚吡咯衍生掺氮多孔碳材料的制备及其超电容性能

杨硕,徐桂银,韩金鹏,等

含氮聚合物材料在惰性气氛下热解能够产生掺氮多孔碳材料.基于化学聚合法合成多巴胺(DA)改性的聚吡咯(PDA-PPy),高温热解制备出掺氮多孔碳材料(NPC).用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱,拉曼光谱,X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析和扫描电镜(SEM)研究其结构与形貌.随着DA与吡咯(Py)单体的摩尔比不断变化,PDA-PPy的形貌也随之改变,进而影响NPC的超电容性能.循环伏安和恒流充放电测试表明,当DA与Py单体的摩尔比为0.5时,在0.5 A·g-1的电流密度下,NPC的比电容可以达到210 F·g-1,电流密度为10 A·g-1时,比电容可以达到134 F·g-1,电容保持率为63.8%.

吡咯;多巴胺;多孔碳;氮掺杂;超级电容器

来源出版物:物理化学学报,2015,31(4): 685-692联系邮箱:张校刚,azhangxg@163.com

MoO3纳米带/RGO复合材料的制备及其电化学性能研究

纪文旭,吴迪,杨蓉,等

摘要:以水杨酸为模板剂和还原剂,采用水热法制备得到了一种MoO3纳米带/RGO复合材料.利用XRD、SEM、TEM、拉曼光谱、恒流充放电、交流阻抗等手段对样品的结构、形貌以及电化学性能进行表征.测试结果表明,MoO3纳米带/RGO复合材料作为锂离子电池负极材料,在50 mA·g-1的电流密度下可逆比容量为1000 mAh·g-1,循环50次后比容量还保持在950 mAh·g-1,相比于MoO3纳米带其容量保持能力和循环性能得到了显著改善.

关键词:MoO3纳米带;还原氧化石墨烯;锂离子电池;负极材料

来源出版物:无机化学学报,2015,31(4): 659-665

联系邮箱:彭路明,luming@nju.edu.cn

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定可食性包装材料中22种酸性染料

粟有志,刘俊,李芳,等

摘要:建立了可食性包装材料中酸性黄23、酸性红18、酸性蓝7等22种酸性染料的高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)分析方法.样品以乙腈-甲醇(5:5,v/v)提取,采用Strata-X-AW固相萃取柱净化.待测物经Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18柱(100 mm×3.0 mm,1.8 μm)分离,以乙腈-10 mmol/L乙酸铵为流动相梯度洗脱;采用电喷雾负离子源(ESI-)、多重反应监测(MRM)模式检测;以保留时间和特征离子对(母离子和两个碎片离子)信息比较进行定性,基质匹配外标法定量.22种酸性染料在各自的线性范围内相关系数(r2)均大于 0.991;在3种基质(糯米纸、植物胶囊、明胶胶囊)中方法的定量限(以S/N≥10计)为0.1~2.0 mg/kg,3个加标水平(1、2、10倍定量限)下,回收率为78.4%~109.5%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为4.6%~14.5%.本方法快速简便、准确可靠,适用于可食性包装材料中多种酸性染料的测定.

关键词:固相萃取(SPE);高效液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS);酸性染料;可食性包装材料

来源出版物:色谱,2015,33(4): 363-370联系邮箱:刘俊,xll1115@sina.com

封面介绍:On page 325,Huang et al synthesized a new composite based on graphene and a novel ferrocene-terminated phenylethynyaniline(Fc-NH2). In the work,cytochrome c(Cytc)was immobilized on the composite to prepare a graphene-chitosan/Fc-NH2/Cytc modified electrode and by which the direct electron transfer was realized. The electrode shows good catalysis towards NaNO2and can be used for the determination of nitrite in juice.

新型石墨烯-壳聚糖/二茂铁衍生物/细胞色素 c修饰电极的制备及其用于亚硝酸钠的检测研究

黄娜,刘美玲,邓建辉,等

摘要:具有共轭结构的分子导线是构筑分子电子器件的重要组成单元,而含有二茂铁单元的该类化合物具有良好的电化学性质,被广泛研究.基于此,本实验通过Sonogashira交叉偶联等反应合成了一种新型二茂铁乙炔衍生物(Fc-NH2),并经红外(IR)、核磁共振(1H NMR和13C NMR)、质谱(MS)和循环伏安(CV)等方法表征.利用Fc-NH2与石墨烯-壳聚糖(GH-CS)之间的相互作用制备了GH-CS/Fc-NH2复合物,并成功用于细胞色素c(Cytc)的固定,得到GH-CS/Fc-NH2/Cytc修饰电极.研究表明,GH-CS/Fc-NH2/Cytc/GCE在-0.2 V附近出现一对峰,对应于Cytc的可逆氧化还原峰.此电极对NaNO2有良好的电催化作用,在1×10-7~1.5×10-4mol/L范围内,NaNO2浓度与氧化峰电流呈良好的线性关系,检测限低至4×10-8mol/L.此修饰电极不但可以实现细胞色素c的直接电化学,也可以用于定量检测NaNO2.

关键词:二茂铁乙炔衍生物;细胞色素c;石墨烯;亚硝酸盐;电催化

来源出版物:分析化学,2015,43(3): 325-332联系邮箱:刘美玲,liumeilingww@126.com

来源出版物:Chinese Journal of Chemistry,2015,33(3): 329-334联系邮箱:Xiaoyu Hu,huxy@nju.edu.cn

封面介绍:A copper-catalyzed asymmetric B—H bond insertion reaction of α-diazoketones with phosphine-borane adducts was realized by using chiral spiro bisoxazoline ligands under mild reaction conditions,which provides a direct and efficient method for preparation of synthetically important chiral α-borylketones with high yields and moderate to good enantioselectivities. [Zhu,Shoufei et al. on page 326-329.]

铜催化α-重氮酮对硼氢键的不对称插入反应

程清卿,许唤,朱守非,等

摘要:手性有机硼化合物在有机合成、医药、材料等诸多领域中有广泛的应用,发展该类化合物的高效合成方法一直广受关注.此前,我们发展了过渡金属催化卡宾对硼氢键(B—H)的插入反应,并实现了α-重氮酯对B—H键的不对称插入反应.本文以手性螺环双噁唑啉配体和铜的络合物作为催化剂,首次实现了α-重氮酮对膦-硼烷加合物的B—H键不对称插入反应,获得了较高的收率和高达83% ee的对映选择性.该研究成果是为数不多的以α-重氮酮作为卡宾前体的不对称杂原子氢键插入反应,为手性α-硼取代酮化合物这类新的有机硼化合物的合成提供了有效方法.

关键词:不对称催化;卡宾插入反应;α-重氮酮;硼烷加合物;手性螺环配体

来源出版物:化学学报,2015,73(4): 326-329联系邮箱:朱守非,sfzhu@nankai.edu.cn

封面介绍:The cover picture shows the construction of novel supramolecular prodrug micelles based on the host-guest interaction of water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6)and doxorubicin(DOX)-based drug-drug conjugate(G). Herein,the release rate of DOX from these supramolecular micelles is approximate to 100% within 30 min at pH 5.5 by simulating the endo-lysosomal environment. Significantly,intracellular localization experiments demonstrated that these supramolecular micelles,taken up by cancer cells via endocytosis,can lead to efficient DOX accumulation in SKOV3 cancer cells,implying its promising future for cancer therapy. More details are discussed in the article by Hu et al. on page 329-334.

Supramolecular Prodrug Micelles Constructed by Drug-Drug Conjugate with Water Soluble Pillar[6]arene for Controllable and Rapid Drug Release

Yu Cao,Xiaochun Zou,Shuhan Xiong,et al.

The first attempt of constructing supramolecular prodrug micelles based on the hostguest interaction between water-soluble pillar[6]arene(WP6)and a novel doxorubicin(DOX)-based drug-drug conjugate(G)is reported,in which the drug-drug conjugate is synthesized by conjugating anticancer drug DOX with another drug isoniazide via the acid-cleavable hydrazone bond. The obtained WP6⊃G micelles are stable under physiological conditions,whereas the cumulative release of DOX is approximate to 100% within 30 min at pH 5.5 by simulating the endo-lysosomal environment at 37°C. Therefore,this WP6-based prodrug micelles can achieve efficient DOX accumulation in the acidic tumor cells within a short period of time,which is very important and valuable;meanwhile it can also reduce the unexpected premature burst release under physiological condition. Furthermore,cellular internalization and localization experiments demonstrated that these prodrug micelles enter cancer cells mainly via endocytosis and can lead to significant drug accumulation in SKOV3 cancer cells,implying its promising future for cancer therapy.

supramolecular micelles; drug delivery; pillararene; self-assembly; rapid release

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