《英语》(北京版)三年级上册Unit 3 Lesson 10 When were you born?
2015-08-18贾秋林
贾秋林
《英语》(北京版)三年级上册Unit 3 Lesson 10 When were you born?
贾秋林
以《英语》(北京版)三年级上册Unit 3 Lesson 10 When were you born?为例,在教学设计过程中,采取问题导读式引领学生理解对话,并通过问题的层次性设计,完成了对话信息的交互式处理。整个课堂活动逐层递进,抓住了学生的注意力,引导学生小梯度、细致、深入地进行练习,有效地完成了教学目标。
生日问候语;角色扮演;学习兴趣
一、教学背景分析
(一)教学内容
本课为北京版小学英语三年级上册第三单元的Lesson 10。本单元的功能话题为“谈论生日和年龄”,主要句型结构为“When is your birthday? It’s in...When was...born?She/He was born on... How old is...?He/She is....”通过学习,使学生能够运用这些句型询问他人的生日、年龄,并与他人进行简单的交流,且能在交流过程中关心朋友、家人的情感。
本单元共有四课时内容,其中Lesson9~Lesson 11为新授内容,Lesson 12为复习课内容。在Lesson 9中,学生已经学习了询问生日的一种表达法:When is your birthday?在Lesson 1~Lesson 9中已经学习了12个月份词、序数词的表达法以及日期的表达法,本课时是在前面课时学习的基础上继续学习另一种生日表达法:When were you born?When was...born?
本课时主要包括Listen and say;Listen,look and learn;Write and tell三个教学板块。其中第一个板块是对话学习,第二个板块是重点词句的学习,第三个板块是联系生活实际运用语言。第一板块Listen and say中共有两幅图片,对话情景是Guoguo和Dad在家里谈论爸爸和奶奶的生日。重点句型分别为:“When were you born?”“I was born on...”和“When was...born?She was born...”。第二板块Listen,look and learn中呈现了本课时的重点句型和4个家庭成员的生日信息,通过运用所给句型谈论4个人物的生日,对词句进行专项学习。第三个板块通过画家庭成员的头像,并写出每个人生日的活动,引导学生对语言的综合运用以及体验关心亲人和朋友的感情。
(二)学生情况
本课所教授的对象是延庆三小三年级1班的学生,属于借班上课。通过课前接触了解到,他们对英语有着浓厚的兴趣,对本节课有着热情的期盼。通过自然真实的英语对话,可以看出学生对When is your birthday?It’s in...的生日表达法以及日期掌握得很扎实,这为新知的学习打下了良好的认知基础。同时,为了保证课堂上的有效互动,笔者和学生沟通了本节课的“集得小贴画,以最多的贴画个数换取小礼物”的评价方式,学生很兴奋,对礼物充满了好奇,这为本节课的顺利实施奠定了很好的行为基础。
(三)教学方式、手段
通过唱月份歌曲、看日历说日期等活动,帮助学生复习日期的表达法;通过以旧带新,When is your birthday?=When were you born?帮助学生理解新句含义;通过观察主题图,引导学生明确对话中的人物,对话发生的地点、时间、内容等,使学生对语言的功能有更好的理解;通过两遍完整视听对话内容,找到对话的核心信息,帮助学生更好地理解对话;通过引导学生逐句静听并尝试复述出对话中的原句,发展学生的听说能力,更好地理解语言功能;通过选择不同的朗读任务;体现对学生个体差异的尊重,引导学生体验成功;通过利用所给信息,谈论Lingling一家人的生日,引导学生初步运用所学语言。
(四)技术准备
多媒体电脑、人物头像、点读笔、自制ppt课件、评价纸杯、奖励贴、小礼物、句型条。
二、教学目标
本节课要达到的教学目标为以下四个方面:学生能够正确理解、朗读对话内容,并尝试着在小组内进行角色扮演;学生能够初步运用所学句型When was/were you born?I/She/He was born on...和短语May 23rd,June 15th,February 9th,July 29th,August 14th来谈论Lingling家庭成员的生日;学生能够初步运用所学的两种句型It’s in...或I was born on...来表达自己的生日;学生通过询问家庭成员生日的活动,体会关心他人的情感。
三、教学重、难点
(一)重点
1.学生能够正确理解、朗读对话内容,并尝试着在小组内进行角色扮演。
2.学生能够初步运用所学句型When was/ were you born?I/She/He was born on...和短语May 23rd,June 15th,February 9th,July 29th,August 14th来谈论Lingling家庭成员的生日。
(二)难点
be动词was和were在句型中的正确运用。
四、教学过程
(一)Step1:Warming up
1.师生问好。
2.预热活动,师生跟唱歌曲Months。
【设计意图】活跃课堂气氛,复习12个月份名称词,唤起学生的原有认知。
(二)Step 2:Review and Lead in
1.Look and say some dates
(1)教师课件出示一张日历图,给学生做示范:What’s the date?For example,this is May 23rd.
(2)师生问答如下日历图:
T:What’s the date?
S1:June 15th.
T:Yes,thank you.A sticker for you.Now who can say it again?
(教师选2~3名学生回答问题)
T:Very good.A sticker for you.Now next one,what’s the date?
S4:February 9th.
...
以此方法完成上述六个日期的谈论。
【设计意图】采用色彩艳丽、画面可爱的日期图片,能够激发学生的学习兴趣;同时,这6个日期中有5个均是本课时重点学习内容,还有一个是教师本人的生日。选择本课时的重点新授内容在复习环节出现,不仅帮助学生复习了日期的正确表达法,也增加了日期短语的复现和表达的机会,利于学生的理解、记忆和运用。选择教师本人的生日,有利于导入下一个环节,自然过渡。
2.Talk about Ss’birthdays
师生谈论完最后一张日历图后,教师介绍说:October 22nd is my birthday.So when is your birthday?(教师出示句型条)Who can answer my question?My birthday is on...
S1:My birthday is on February 16th.
T:Good.A sticker for you.Who can?When is your birthday?
...
T:When is your birthday?That means when were you born?(教师出示句型条)是询问生日的另一种表达法.You can answer I was born on...(教师出示句型条,并带读)
T:Was
Ss:Was.
T:Born
Ss:Born
T:Was born
Ss:Was born
T:I was born on October 22nd.So when were you born?Who can answer?
S3:I was born on March 29th.
T:Very good,two stickers for you.Who can answer?When were you born?
S4:I was born on July 28th.
...
教师呈现课题:Today we are going to learn Lesson 10 When were you born?(板贴)
【设计意图】通过复习环节出示的最后一个日期,教师巧妙地引出自己的生日,并询问学生的生日,引导学生用已学的知识进行真实的表达运用,然后通过两种询问生日表达法意义的相同性,引导学生尝试着用新句型表达自己的生日,不仅理解了新知的含义,而且进行了初步的学习,降低了后续学习的难度。
(三)Step 3:Listen and say
1.谈论主题图,获取对话背景信息
T:Look!Who are they?
S1:Lingling and Father.
T:Yes.They are Lingling and dad.Where are they?At school or at home?
S2:At home.
T:Yes,two stickers for you.What are they talking about?Birthday or Teacher’s Day?
S3:Birthday.
T:How do you know that?You can say it in Chinese.
S3:因为玲玲看电视上有人在吃生日蛋糕。
T:Excellent!Three stickers for you.Because they are watching TV and some children are having a birthday party on TV.So they are talking about birthday.
T:Look atthispicture,there isa photo ofLingling’s family.
T:Who’s this?(教师逐一指向人物图像)
Ss:Grandma/Grandpa/Mother/Father.(学生根据教师所指顺序回答)
T:There are five people in Lingling’s family. Whose birthdays are they talking about?Can you guess?
Ss:Lingling’s/Father’s/Mother’s/Dad and grandma’s.(学生根据自己的猜测回答)
T:Maybe.
【设计意图】教师引导学生充分观察主题图,明确对话发生的时间、地点、人物和谈论的话题,帮助学生更好地理解语言的功能;同时,提供选项帮助学生找到问题的答案,降低了交流的难度,使信息更加聚焦;问题的引导有助于培养学生的观察能力,发散学生思维,促进语言应用。
2.整体感知对话,提取主要信息
(1)第一遍整体视听对话,回答问题:Whose birthday are they talking about?
Whose birthday are they talking about?谁的
T:Whose birthday are they talking about?
Ss:Grandma and dad.
(2)第二遍整体视听对话,回答问题:When was grandma/dad born?
When was grandma born?When was dad born?
T:They are talking about grandma and dad’s birthday.When were they born?Let’s see the cartoon again,and find out the answer.
(学生观看课件)
T:When was Dad born?
S1:May 23rd.
T:Great!Two stickersfor you.When was grandma born?
S2:June 15th.
T:Good.A sticker for you.
【设计意图】整体感知对话,提取对话主要信息,帮助学生梳理对话的内容,为进一步学习语言奠定良好的理解基础。
3.学习对话1
(1)逐句呈现并学习对话1中的句子
①学习句子When were you born,Dad?
T:OK,let’s go to the Dialogue 1.Lingling wants to know her father’s birthday.How does Lingling ask?Let’s listen.
(学生听句子When were you born,Dad?两遍)
T:Who can?
S1:When were you born,Dad?
T:Yes or no?
Ss:Yes.
T:Let’s check.(教师点击课件,呈现句子,确认学生的答案)
T:OK.Lingling asks:When were you born,Dad?Read after me.
(教师板贴句型条,带读,并开展男女生、组与组之间的朗读比赛。)
②学习句子I was born on May 23rd.
T:How does Ling ling’s father answer?Listen.
(学生静听句子IwasbornonMay23rd.两遍)
T:How does Lingling’s father answer?
S1:May 23rd.
T:The whole sentence.Let’s listen to it again.
(学生再次静听I was born on May 23rd.)
T:How does Lingling’s father answer?
S2:I was born on May 23rd.
T:Yes or no.
Ss:Yes.
T:Let’s check.(教师点击课件,呈现句子,确认学生的答案)
T:OK.Lingling’s father says:I was born on May 23rd.Read after me.
(教师板贴句型条,带读,并开展男女生、组与组之间的朗读比赛。)
③学习句子I will make a cake for you.
T:What will Lingling do for his father?Let’s listen.
(学生静听句子I will make a cake for you.两遍)
T:What does Lingling say?
S1:I will make a cake for you.
T:Yes.Lingling says I will make a cake for you.(教师点击课件呈现答案并板贴句型条)
T:Whichpictureis“makeacake”A,BorC?(教师呈现PPT图片请学生选择)
A
B
C
Ss:A.
T:A sticker for you.
师生练习朗读句子:I will make a cake for you.
【设计意图】以听入手,引导学生通过辨音尝试重复听到的内容,训练学生的听力技能;开展男、女生比赛读句子等多种方式朗读课文句型,激发学生的学习兴趣,体验成功,帮助学生内化语言。
(2)练习朗读对话1
①整体跟读对话
T:Open your books,Page 20,please.Let’s read Dialogue One.Are you ready?Let’s begin.
Ss:...
(教师用点读笔带读对话两遍)
②分角色朗读对话
T:Now I’m Lingling,you are Dad.When were you born,Dad?
Ss:I was born on May 23rd.
T:I will make a cake for you.Very good!Now this time,you are Lingling,I am Dad.
...
4.以同样方法学习对话2
5.整体对话的朗读、扮演练习
(1)师生分角色朗读示范
T:Look at blackboard.I am Lingling,you are Lingling’s father.Let’s role play.OK?
Ss:OK!
(2)呈现朗读任务及评价方式
T:This time,work in groups.Four in a group,two are Ling,the other two are father.You can choose the different task.If you act Dialogue 1,you can get two stickers.If you act Dialogue 2,you can get one sticker.But if you act the whole dialogue,you can get 3 stickers.
(3)小组选择任务并练习
(4)小组展示
T:Which group wants to show?
Ss:...
T:Who are Lingling?Who are dad?
Ss:...
T:Two stickers for you.
(以同样的方式请三组学生来展示)
【设计意图】通过布置不同的任务,照顾不同层次的学生,为每个学生的展示提供机会;通过组内分角色练习朗读,体会人物角色,梳理人物话语,促进语言内化。
(四)Step 4:Listen,look and learn
1.谈论Lingling的家庭成员的生日
T:This is Lingling’s family.Can you answer my question?When was Lingling born?
—When was...born?
—He/She was born on...
S1:She was born on January 21st.
T:Verygood.Astickerforyou.Whenwasgrandma born?Who can?
S2:She was born on June on 15th.
T:She was born on June on 15th.Very good,a sticker for you.When was Grandpa born?
S3:He was born on February 9th.
...
2.扮演Lingling,介绍家庭成员的生日
(1)教师示范
教师逐一出示图中人物的生日,进行介绍:I’mLingling.I was born on January 21st.
My grandma was born on June 15th.My grandpa was born on February 9th.My mother was born on August 14th.My father was born on May 23rd.
I was born on...
My grandma was born on...
(2)学生小组内练习
(3)学生展示
T:Who wants to be Lingling?Come hereplease.
【设计意图】运用本节课所学功能句型When was...born?询问Lingling家庭成员的生日,引导学生用She/He was born on...来进行回答,复现原有知识,对功能句型进一步巩固和运用;引导学生扮演Lingling,介绍她的家庭成员的生日信息,不仅使学生初步练习从对话到语段的表达方法,也为后面的Write and tell板块做了铺垫和准备。
(五)Step 5:Homework
1.Read the dialogue.
2.Talk about your family.
(六)Step 6:Sum-up
教师统计学生所得的贴画数,对得到贴画个数较多的前几名学生颁发小礼物。
T:Who has got twelve?A toy rabbit for you.
五、板书设计
六、教学反思
在宽松、和谐的教学氛围中,笔者完成了本节课的教学。通过本节课的学习,学生基本掌握了所学内容,在学习的过程中,充分体验了英语学习的乐趣,取得了较好的效果。笔者认为在今后的教学中值得借鉴成功之处有如下三点:
(一)注重信息提取,强调理解先行
苏霍姆林斯基指出“理解是识记的基础,应该引导学生通过理解,弄清大量的事物、现象和事实以后再进行识记”。英语学习也一样,学生只有理解了语言的功能和含义,才能模仿、识记并运用。本节课上,为了帮助学生理解所学内容,笔者设计了不同的活动。例如,引导学生通过观察主题图背景信息,明确对话发生的时间、地点、人物、起因和话题,完成对目标语的话题和功能的理解;引导学生通过两遍整体视听,找出对话的主要信息,完成对课文内容的理解;通过图片选择,完成对课文中的情景语言I’ll make a cake for you的理解。这些理解活动的设计,有效地帮助学生感知、体验语言,并实现了最终的运用。
(二)注重细节设计,引领学生发展
细节决定成败。本节课在整体活动设计的基础上,还关注了细节的设计与实施,帮助学生更好地达成学习目标。例如:将本课时的重点短语分别在复习环节、新授环节和拓展提高环节以不同的任务情境呈现,增加了复现率,强化了学生记忆;将本课时的重难点功能句When were you born?以When is your birthday?同义句的形式呈现,帮助学生理解其含义;在对话学习中,通过听辨、多种形式朗读等方式帮助学生练习语音语调,分散了难点,降低了学习难度;将Lingling一家人的概念引入课堂,创设了一节课都在谈论Lingling的家庭成员生日的整体情景,使应用板块Write and tell的教学水到渠成。这些细节设计,环环相扣、首尾相应、化整为零,帮助学生循序渐进地构建了知识体系,引领学生多元发展。
(三)注重分层评价,关注学生差异
在本节课中,为了激发学生参与英语学习活动的积极性,帮助学生养成良好的学习习惯,笔者将评价贯穿课堂始终,并根据学生的表现进行了分层设计。在学生个体活动展示时,笔者会根据问题的难易度、学生回答的准确性以及回答的时机等给予学生不同个数的贴画奖励。在学生小组或结对展示活动中,笔者会根据学生对不同任务的选择给予不同个数的贴画奖励,例如在课文分角色朗读环节,如果学生只选择展示对话1,就会在展示后得到两个贴画的奖励;如果只选择展示对话2,则会得到一个贴画奖励,因为对话2的难度要相对小一些;但如果学生选择展示整个对话(包括对话1和2),则会得到三个贴画奖励。这种奖励与展示的效果关联不是很大,主要是鼓励学生挑战自我,获得更多的展示体验,并在准备和展示的过程中付出努力,获得更好的发展。
作者信息:101300,北京,北京市顺义区教育考试中心