话题24 文学与艺术（Literature and art）

纪乐佳

一、命题预测

命题人可能要求考生为外国友人写一封信或邮件，介绍中国文学作品中的某一种，例如小说、诗歌、戏剧等，也可介绍一些文学家或艺术家，或是介绍一些中国传统艺术，例如剪纸、国画等；还可以是一些画展、文学作品欣赏会等的活动贴，或是报刊中的“文学与艺术”栏目的约稿信，或是对主题为“文学与艺术”的讲座的报道等，这些都与文学和艺术相关。

二、常用短语

1. literature works文学作品

2. work of art艺术作品

3. folk arts 民间艺术

4. performing art表演艺术

5. traditional Chinese painting中国画

6. traditional operas传统戏剧

7. cultural treasures of China中华瑰宝

8. come into being形成

9. stand for代表

10. pass down继承，传下来

11. be regarded as 被认为是…

12. be popular in 在…受欢迎

13. be based on some historical events基于某些历史事件

14. spread to many other places传播到其他许多地方

15. carry forward Chinese cultures弘扬中华文化

16. enrich ones life丰富某人的生活

17. combine music， vocal performance and dance 结合念（音乐）、唱、舞

18. the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature中国四大名著

三、套用句式

1. Beijing Opera is a traditional opera with a long history， which dates back to over 200 years ago. 京剧，是一种历史悠久的传统戏剧，可追溯到200多年前。

2. After that， a new type came into being gradually， known as Beijing Opera. 在那之后，一种新剧种慢慢形成了，被称为京剧。

3. Beijing Opera is not only popular in China， but also has spread to many other places， such as Hong Kong and Taiwan. 京剧不仅在中国非常流行，它也传播到其他许多地区，比如香港和台湾。

4. This book was written by Wu Chengen in Ming Dynasty， which was based on some historical events at that time. 这本书是吴承恩在明朝时期写的，基于当时的一些历史事件。

四、习作修改（做短文改错，背经典范文）

Foshan paper-cutting is a traditional folk art with a long history， which dated back more than 1，000 years ago. On Qing Dynasty， paper-cutting became popular in Foshan and were an important part of peoples daily life.

There are three kind of paper cuts： paper cuts for decoration， for religious purposes or for design. And among them those for decoration are the most wide used.

Nowadays， paper cutting products are often chosen as presents and foreigners are always fond of it. There are more than 30 shops for paper cuts in the Foshan， and paper-cutting products sell as farther as in Southeast Asia.

五、课堂练习

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Chris对中国的京剧非常感兴趣，特来信请你为他作介绍。现请你给他写封回信，介绍中国京剧。内容包括：

1. 京剧的历史与起源。

2. 京剧的特色。

3. 京剧的现状。

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Beijing Opera. Let me introduce it to you now.

...

Welcome to come to China to enjoy Beijing Opera.

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours，

Li Hua

[写作指导]

第一步，认真审题，明确要求。（略）

第二步，篇章结构设计。

三个要点各自一段。

第三步，拓展思路，增加细节。

1. 历史与起源：（1）历史—历经多少年、可追溯到……时候；（2）起源 —（安徽四著名戏班赴京为皇帝祝寿表演，后留京，京剧因此得以形成）（key words： a traditional opera， a long history， date back to， come into being， develop， be known as）。

2. 特色：（1）结合了哪些艺术形式，如念（音乐）、唱、舞（舞蹈化的武打动作）；（2）角色（行当）：生、旦、净、丑；（3）人们眼中的京剧：被认为是中华传统文化瑰宝之一 （key words： combine， music， vocal performance， dance， major roles， be regarded as/to be， cultural treasures）。

3. 现状：是否依然受现代人的欢迎？是否传播于中国大陆之外的地区？是否能起弘扬中华文化的作用？（key words： be popular in， spread to...， play a role in， carry forward）

第四步，连句成篇，工整誊写。

六、课外作业

假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Chris对中国四大名著中的《西游记》非常感兴趣，特请你为他作介绍。现请你给他写封邮件，介绍《西游记》。内容包括：

1. 简介《西游记》。

2. 介绍《西游记》中你最喜欢的一个角色。

3. 简述《西游记》对你的影响。

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Journey to the West. Let me introduce it to you now.

...

I am sure you will be fond of this book if you read it.

Yours，

Li Hua

参考答案与范文

四、习作修改

本文介绍了中国传统工艺佛山剪纸的历史、分类以及现状。

1. dated→dates 与主句谓语时态一致，且date back to（追溯）多用于一般现在时。

2. 在dates back后加to比较：date back to +过去的一个时间点，意为“迫溯到”；date back from +过去的一个时间点，意为“从……开始就已存在/有”；date back +时间段，表示“已存在多长一段时间了”。本题若去掉ago，就不必加介词了。

3. On→In 此处指在清朝，故介词用in。

4. were→was 此处考查主谓一致，主语paper cutting为不可数名词，故用was。

5. kind→kinds 此处指有三种剪纸，故kind用复数kinds。

6. or→and 此处是三种剪纸的并列，故用and。

7. wide→widely 修饰谓语动词用副词。

8. it→them 此处指代上文提到的“paper cutting products”，故用them。

9. 去掉the 因佛山是地名，无需在前加the。

10. farther→far 此处是as + adj./adv.（原级）+ as“与...一样”，故改成far。

五、课堂练习

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Beijing Opera. Let me introduce it to you now.

Beijing Opera is a traditional opera with a long history， which dates back to over 200 years ago. In 18th century， to celebrate the emperors 80th birthday， who had a strong interest in local operas， four famous troupes from Anhui Province came to Beijing to perform for him. After that， a new type came into being gradually， known as Beijing Opera.

Beijing Opera combines music， vocal performance and dance， and it has four major roles---Sheng， Dan， Jing， Chou. It has been regarded as one of the cultural treasures of China.

Beijing Opera is not only popular in China， but also has spread to many other places， such as Hong Kong and Taiwan. It is playing an important role in carrying forward Chinese cultures.

Welcome to come to China to enjoy Beijing Opera.

Looking forward to your coming.

Yours，

Li Hua

六、课外作业

Dear Chris，

I am glad that you are very interested in Journey to the West. Let me introduce it to you now.

This book is one of the Four Great Classical Novels of Chinese literature. It was written by Wu Chengen in Ming Dynasty， which was based on some historical events at that time.

As we all know， one of the main characters in this novel is Monkey King， who had a bitter experience when helping his master overcome a great many difficulties in order to get good results. Many readers like him for his kindness， courage and the magical power. So do I.

Good books are beneficial to the personal growth of young people. To me， this book has a great influence on my life. After I read it， Im not afraid of failure and whenever I am faced with great difficulties， I wont give up easily.

I am sure you will be fond of this book if you read it.

Yours，

Li Hua

（作者单位：广东汕头金砂中学）

责任编辑 蒋小青