铝、旱双重胁迫下葡萄根系对水杨酸的生理响应

张永福+牛燕芬+彭声静+董翠莲+黄鹤平+任禛+陈泽斌

摘要：为了研究水杨酸对铝、旱双重胁迫下葡萄（Vitis L.）根系生长及生理特性的影响，探讨铝、旱双重胁迫的缓解途径，试验以葡萄扦插苗为试验材料，研究了水杨酸处理对铝、旱双重胁迫下葡萄根系生长、根系活力、膜脂过氧化系统及渗透调节物质含量的影响。结果表明，铝、旱双重胁迫显著抑制了葡萄根系的长度、比表面积、体积、干重;添加低浓度水杨酸后，使铝、旱双重胁迫下葡萄根系的长度、比表面积、体积、干重均显著增大，但其根冠比显著减小;在铝、旱双重胁迫下，葡萄根系活力显著高于干旱胁迫处理，水杨酸处理能够显著提高铝、旱双重胁迫下葡萄根系的活力。铝、旱双重胁迫可在一定程度上降低膜脂过氧化程度和活性氧含量，增强保护酶活性，减轻对葡萄苗的伤害;加入一定浓度的水杨酸后，铝、旱双重胁迫下葡萄根系对水杨酸的生理响应明显，使MDA含量、氧自由基产生速率和H2O2含量均显著降低，POD活性显著上升。在铝、旱双重胁迫下，可溶性糖、游离脯氨酸和可溶性蛋白等渗透调节物质的含量略有上升，加入水杨酸后，这些渗透调节物质的含量则大幅度上升。水杨酸缓解葡萄根系铝、旱双重胁迫伤害的适宜浓度为50 μmol/L，在此浓度下，水杨酸通过增强保护酶活性和积累大量渗透调节物质来降低铝、旱双重胁迫下氧自由基的产生，进而减轻对葡萄根系的损伤。

关键词：葡萄（Vitis L.）;根系;铝;干旱;双重胁迫;水杨酸;生理响应

中图分类号：S663.1;Q944.54;Q945.78     文献标识码：A     文章编号：0439-8114（2015）02-0364-06

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn 0439-8114.2015.02.028

Physiological Responses of Grape Root to Salicylic Acid under Stress

of Aluminum and Drought

ZHANG Yong-fu，NIU Yan-fen，PENG Sheng-jing，DONG Cui-lian，HUANG He-ping，REN Zhen，CHEN Ze-bin

（School of Agriculture， Kunming University， Kunming 650214， China）

Abstract： The effects of salicylic acid on growth and physiological properties of grape（Vitis L.） roots were studied under aluminum and drought double stress. The pathway for alleviating the double stress was explored. The experiment was carried out with the cutting seedlings of grape pretreated by salicylic acid under aluminum and drought double stress. The results showed that the double stress significantly inhibited root length and volume of grape. Adding low concentration of salicylic acid significantly increased root length， surface area， volume， dry weight of grape under double stress while significantly reduced the ratio of root to shoot. Under double stress， the root activity was significantly higher than that under drought stress. Salicylic acid treatment significantly improved root activity of grape under double stress. Under aluminum and drought double stress， membrane lipid peroxidation and active oxygen content was reduced to enhance the activity of protective enzymes and alleviate the damage degree of grape seedlings. The physiological response of grape roots to salicylic acid under double stress was obvious when adding salicylic acid with certain concentration as MDA content， production rate of oxygen free radical and H2O2 content decreased significantly while SOD and POD activity increased significantly. Content of osmotic substance including soluble sugar， proline and soluble protein increased slightly under double stress， while greatly increased after adding salicylic acid. 50 μmol/L salicylic acid was the optimal concentration for alleviating the damage of aluminum and drought double stress on grape roots. Under this concentration， damage of grape roots under aluminum and drought stress was alleviated when the production of oxygen free radicals was reduced by enhancing the activity of protective enzymes and accumulation of osmolytes.endprint