被动语态考什么

邹国如

考点一：常见动词时态的被动语态

被动语态和动词时态经常结合起来进行考查，比如考查现在进行时和过去进行时的被动语态、一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态、现在完成时和过去完成时的被动语态。考生在做题时应该认真分析句子的主语和谓语动词之间的逻辑关系，若句子的主语是动作的承受者则要用被动语态。如：

1. —Your job _______ open for your return.

—Thanks.

A. will be kept B. will keep

C. had kept D. had been kept

2. I have to go to work by taxi because my car _______ at the garage.

A. will be repaired B. is repaired

C. is being repaired D. has been repaired

参考答案 1.A 2.C

考点二：“get + 过去分词”构成的被动语态

英语中除了最常见的“be +过去分词”构成的被动语态以外，还可用“get +过去分词”构成被动语态。 如：

1. Sarah，hurry up. I am afraid you cant have time to _______ before the party.

A. get changed B. get change

C. get changing D. get to change

2. As we joined the big crowd，I got _______ from my friends.

A. separated B. spared

C. lost D. missed

参考答案 1.A 2.A

考点三：带双宾语动词的被动语态

在英语中，后面带有双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，其中任何一个宾语都可以作为主语，而另一个宾语可以留在谓语动词之后。如：

Customers are asked to make sure that they _______ the right change before leaving the shop.

A. will give B. have been given

C. have given D. will be given

参考答案 B

考点四：含被动意义的系动词

英语中有几个系动词本身含有被动意义，不能再用被动语态。这样的系动词有feel， smell，taste，sound，remain，go，turn，seem，become，stay等。如：

1. I dont want _______ like Im speaking ill of anybody， but the managers plan is unfair.

A. to sound B. to be sounded

C. sounding D. to have sounded

2. The flowers _______ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.

A. to smell B. smelling

C. smelt D. to be smelt

参考答案 1.A 2.B

考点五：用主动形式表示被动意义的动词

有些表示事物特征和状态的动词，只有主动语态，没有被动语态，并且常和well，easily等副词连用。这样的动词有sell，open，lock，translate，close，look，cut，read，wash，fit， write，clean，burn，last，pull等。如：

Because the shop_______，all the T-shirts are sold at half price.

A. has closed down B. closed down

C. is closing down D. had closed down

参考答案 C

考点六：动词不定式的被动语态

某些形容词后面的动词不定式可用主动形式表示被动含义。这些形容词有easy，hard， difficult，heavy，light，fit，（un）comfortable，dangerous，nice等。如：

The chair looks rather hard， but in fact it is very comfortable _______.

A. to sit B. to sit on

C. to be sat on D. for sitting

参考答案 B

考点七：“介词 + 具有动作意义的名词”结构

某些“介词 + 具有动作意义的名词”构成的介词短语表示被动含义。这类短语最常见的有under repair/construction/consideration/development（正在修理/正在建设/正在考虑/正在发展之中），in use（正被使用），on show（在展览中），in the possession of（为某人所拥有）等。如：

Paper money was in _______ use in China when Marco Polo visited the country in _______ thirteenth century.

A. the；不填 B. the；the

C. 不填；the D. 不填；不填

参考答案 C

考点八：几个常用于被动语态的特殊动词

下面几个动词常用被动语态或其过去分词形式：locate（使位于），situate（使坐落）， dress，seat（使坐下），lose，devote，absorb等。如：

1. _______in a white uniform，he looks more like a cook than a doctor.

A. Dressed B. To dress

C. Dressing D. Having dressed

2. _______with so much trouble，we failed to complete the talk on time.

A. Faced B. Face

C. Facing D. To face

3. _______in thought， he almost ran into the car in front of him.

A. Losing B. Having lost

C. Lost D. To lose

参考答案 1.A 2.A 3.C

巩固练习

1. —I dont suppose the police know who did it.

—Well，surprisingly they do. A man has been arrested and_______.

A. has been questioned B. is being questioned

C. is questioning D. has questioned

2. The construction of the two new railway lines _______by now.

A. has been completed

B. have been completed

C. has completed

D. have completed

3. Five people won the“Chinas Green Figure”award，a title _______to ordinary people for their contributions to environmental protection.

A. being given B. is given

C. was given D. given

4. The moment the 28th Olympic Games _______ open，the whole world cheered.

A. declared B. have been declared

C. have declared D. were declared

5. —Mummy，can I put the peaches in the cupboard？

—No，dear. They dont _______well. Put them in the fridge instead.

A. keep B. fit C. get D. last

6. —Whats wrong with the door？

—It cant _______ ，so Ill have to ask Tom to repair it.

A. be shut B. shut

C. be shutting D. have been shut

参考答案：1～6 BADDAB（责任编校？筑彭益）