“描述描写类”文段的写作方法

邱彩花

“描述描写类”文段通常要求学生描写叙述所见到的情景、发生的事情、事物的现象特征、工作经历、对某人或某事物的印象、风俗习俗、自然景色、季节特点、事物的外貌特征、心理情绪、工作情况、职位、性格特征、能力等等。同学们可以根据具体的情况选用合适的时态来写，此外，在写作时可以运用一些修辞手法使描述生动形象，同时运用一些恰当的连贯词使文章条理清晰。

一、句式模板

二、真题示例

描述清洁工工作的艰辛（2013广东高考）

1. It is universally acknowledged that street cleaners are always the toughest workers in the world because they are required to get up early in the morning and work till midnight. Besides， they are bound to work despite the strong sunshine or freezing cold. Their work helps to beautify the city but their pay is far from good.

2. Cleaning streets seems to be the toughest work in the world. Street workers not only start working at the early morning but also go home at late evening regardless of bad weather. However， they are neither well-paid nor praised.

三、语段练习

1. 描述一下你家乡秋天的景色。

主题句：我家乡秋天的美丽是无法用语言来表达的。

综合练习

读写任务 阅读下面短文，然后按要求写一篇150词左右的英语短文。

Smog has dangerous impact on people's lives and has become one of those issues in China that affects everyone badly. According to the national observatory， 104 cities in more than 20 provinces last year reported PM2.5 readings at more than 300， classified as severe， the highest in the six-level rating system. The governments blamed the lack of wind， coal burning in the north， exhaust fumes from the cars， and industrial pollution from the factories in the Yangtze River delta. The smog is getting worse daily and reaching almost all corners of the country. Earlier this year， even Hainan， well known for its blue skies and sandy beaches， was covered in heavy smog.

Media are regularly reporting on diseases linked directly to pollution. An eight-year-old girl who lived beside a busy road in Jiangsu had become the youngest lung cancer patient. Her doctor said her illness was the result of her breathing in pollutants from car exhaust fumes.

It is time that the government leaders learnt from those lessons and takes steps to introduce China's own Clean Air Act. They have paid greater mind to pollution， but much more needs to be done to ease the country's worsening smog crisis.

[写作内容]

1. 以约30个词概括上文的主要内容。

2. 以约120个词就“smog雾霾”的话题谈谈你的看法，内容包括：

（1）雾霾给生活和健康带来的影响；

（2）描述一次你想象的或真实的见到雾霾的情景；

（3）你认为应该采取什么措施来减少雾霾天气的发生。

[写作要求]

1. 作文中可以使用亲身经历或虚构的故事，也可以参照阅读材料的内容，但不得直接引用原文中的句子。

2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。

[评分标准]

概括准确，语言规范，内容合适，语篇连贯。

参考范文

语段练习

1. The beauty of my hometown in autumn is beyond words. It is great pleasure walking in the woods with fallen leaves， yellow or red， on the ground and fresh air around. Nothing can drag my eyes away from the beautiful scenery. With the birds singing around， I just feel as if I were in a dream.endprint

2. Words could not describe my excitement/happiness the moment I saw my best friends whom I hadnt seen for ages. We put our arms around each other and hugged tightly， which delighted us a lot. Not only did we share our studies with each other but we also talked about our own friends and secrets. It was really unforgettable！

3. The Spring Festival in China is undoubtedly the most interesting festival that I have ever known. Completely different from some other traditional festivals， northerners eat dumplings while southerners have big meals with duck and chicken as well as sea food at Spring Festival. Children are delighted to get lucky money from their parents and relatives.

综合练习

Cities in China suffered from smog from car exhaust， industrial pollution and so on， which needs governments action. Smog has affected people a lot and even a small girl suffered lung cancer.

Smog undoubtedly does great harm to peoples lives and health. In smoggy days， more accidents may happen because people cannot see clearly. They have to slow down， which is very inconvenient. Whats worse， smog may cause cough and bad cold or even deadly diseases like lung cancer if people are exposed to smog.

There is no doubt that I was shocked to see the heavy smog one day in my school in 2013. I could see nothing clearly around me because visibility was said to be less than five meters. The tall buildings and trees just stood in the air. I could only hear my fellow students from other building but I could not see them at all. It was really awful！

To lessen the smoggy days， government leaders should take immediate measures to limit car purchase and shut down heavily-polluted factories. In addition， people can share cars with colleagues or cycle to work to lead a greener life， which will do a lot of good to the environment.

（作者单位：河源市东源中学）

责任编校 蒋小青endprint

2. Words could not describe my excitement/happiness the moment I saw my best friends whom I hadnt seen for ages. We put our arms around each other and hugged tightly， which delighted us a lot. Not only did we share our studies with each other but we also talked about our own friends and secrets. It was really unforgettable！

3. The Spring Festival in China is undoubtedly the most interesting festival that I have ever known. Completely different from some other traditional festivals， northerners eat dumplings while southerners have big meals with duck and chicken as well as sea food at Spring Festival. Children are delighted to get lucky money from their parents and relatives.

综合练习

Cities in China suffered from smog from car exhaust， industrial pollution and so on， which needs governments action. Smog has affected people a lot and even a small girl suffered lung cancer.

Smog undoubtedly does great harm to peoples lives and health. In smoggy days， more accidents may happen because people cannot see clearly. They have to slow down， which is very inconvenient. Whats worse， smog may cause cough and bad cold or even deadly diseases like lung cancer if people are exposed to smog.

There is no doubt that I was shocked to see the heavy smog one day in my school in 2013. I could see nothing clearly around me because visibility was said to be less than five meters. The tall buildings and trees just stood in the air. I could only hear my fellow students from other building but I could not see them at all. It was really awful！

To lessen the smoggy days， government leaders should take immediate measures to limit car purchase and shut down heavily-polluted factories. In addition， people can share cars with colleagues or cycle to work to lead a greener life， which will do a lot of good to the environment.

（作者单位：河源市东源中学）

责任编校 蒋小青endprint

2. Words could not describe my excitement/happiness the moment I saw my best friends whom I hadnt seen for ages. We put our arms around each other and hugged tightly， which delighted us a lot. Not only did we share our studies with each other but we also talked about our own friends and secrets. It was really unforgettable！

3. The Spring Festival in China is undoubtedly the most interesting festival that I have ever known. Completely different from some other traditional festivals， northerners eat dumplings while southerners have big meals with duck and chicken as well as sea food at Spring Festival. Children are delighted to get lucky money from their parents and relatives.

综合练习

Cities in China suffered from smog from car exhaust， industrial pollution and so on， which needs governments action. Smog has affected people a lot and even a small girl suffered lung cancer.

Smog undoubtedly does great harm to peoples lives and health. In smoggy days， more accidents may happen because people cannot see clearly. They have to slow down， which is very inconvenient. Whats worse， smog may cause cough and bad cold or even deadly diseases like lung cancer if people are exposed to smog.

There is no doubt that I was shocked to see the heavy smog one day in my school in 2013. I could see nothing clearly around me because visibility was said to be less than five meters. The tall buildings and trees just stood in the air. I could only hear my fellow students from other building but I could not see them at all. It was really awful！

To lessen the smoggy days， government leaders should take immediate measures to limit car purchase and shut down heavily-polluted factories. In addition， people can share cars with colleagues or cycle to work to lead a greener life， which will do a lot of good to the environment.

（作者单位：河源市东源中学）

责任编校 蒋小青endprint