关于补全对话的对话

徐启富

问：为什么考查补全对话？

答：补全对话是英语考试常见题型之一，也是全国各地中考命题使用较多的一个题型。在题干表述上有的叫补全对话，有的叫口语/情景交际，还有的叫交际运用等。该题型主要考查考生在特定的语境中比较得体地表达自己的连贯意思的能力，是以笔试的形式考查考生英语口语交际能力，目的是为了弥补无法进行统一口试的不足。

问：补全对话有什么特点？

答：补全对话的特点是注重交际应用，强调对交际对话的整体理解。从所给分值看，一般是10～15分，权重约占整个试卷8%～10%；从语言特点上看，比较突出口语化，充分反映了语言的灵活性。从内容选材上看，篇幅短小，100词左右。一般不会出现生词。从命题形式上看，有选择题和非选择题两种。常见的题型有：1.选择题：选单词补全对话、选句子补全对话、对话排序等。2.非选择题：填单词补全对话、写句子补全对话等。从发展趋势上看，非选择题表现形式居多。

问：补全对话考什么？

答：补全对话涉及的题材广泛，注重实用性。它不仅考查交际能力，而且突出了对词汇、语法等语言基础知识综合运用能力的检测。从语言功能方面看，近年来的补全对话考得比较多的是：问候，介绍，告别，感谢（及应答），祝愿（及应答），表示道歉和遗憾（及应答），邀请（及应答），提出帮助（及应答），约会，表示意愿和希望，提出请求（及应答），表示同意或不同意，表示喜好和厌恶，表示决断和坚持，表示判断和意见，表示肯定和不肯定，禁止和警告，表示看法、劝告和建议，许诺，表示焦虑、惊奇和喜悦，谈论天气，购物，问路（及应答），询问时间和日期（及应答），就餐，打电话，看病，求救，学习方法及日常生活等等。

示例一：（2013年南京卷）

根据对话内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使对话内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为57～61的相应位置上。

thousands of, hopeless, turning off, so, what

A:Hey! I met a student from a green school in Dalian.

B: A green school? 57 is it?

A:It is a school which supports the protection of the environment. In fact, there are 58green schools in China. Its wasteful to throw away glass, paper and metal, 59 every class in such schools collects waste that can be used again and then sells it for recycling（再利用）.

B:Great! What else do they do?

A:They also save energy and tricycle things at home, such as 60 lights and saving water.

B:If everyone tries to protect the environment, we will make the world much better.

A:I agree. If we dont, the future is 61.

B:Anyway, public concern over the environment has greatly increased. There is hope for the future.

本题要求选择所给单词或短语填空，而且是等额选择，不要求做任何变化，属于最简单的要求。答案是：57. What58. thousands of59. so60. turning off61. hopeless

示例二：（2013年兰州卷）

阅读下面的对话，根据上下文，从方框内选择恰当的选项补全对话。（有两项为多余选项）

A.I often go to Shanghai on business.

B.Would you mind telling me what you come here for?

C.May I ask you some questions?

D.Have a great time.

E.How will you do that?

F.When did you arrive in Lanzhou?

G.Where do you come from?

A:Excuse me, I am a reporter from a student magazine. 81

B:Sure, please.

A:82

B:I am from Germany.

A:83

B:I got here the day before yesterday.

A:How do you like Lanzhou?

B:I like your city very much. The people here are very friendly. But Im still not used to the weather here. I have a sore throat today.

A:The weather in Lanzhou is kind of dry. Drinking more water can make you feel better.

B: Thanks for your suggestion.

A: 84

B:Of course not. I come here for watching Lanzhou International Marathon. And then Im planning to go to Dunhuang for a tour.

A:Great. Thank you for answering my questions. 85

B:Thank you.

这是一个差额选择题，也是目前采用比较多的一种形式。比“示例一”的难度和灵活度都要大一些。答案是：81. C82. G83. F84. B85. D

示例三：（2012年成都卷）

看图填空，一空一词（含缩写词）。

81. What time is it now?

Itsoclock in the .

82. Hows the weather?

aday.

83. Where are these people?

They are at a.

84. Is the place in the picture a busy and crowded one?

No, it , because onlypersons are there.

85. What do you think they are doing?

I think they are a bus.

看图补全对话具有形象、直观等特点，融语言能力和观察力考查为一体。答案是：81. ten; morning82. Its; sunny/ fine83. bus; stop84. isnt; three85. waiting; for

示例四：（2013年长沙卷）

通读下面的对话，根据上下文补全对话内容。

A: Hello, Betty. What did you do last summer vacation?

B: I visited my uncle.

A:66?

B: He lives in Dalian, a beautiful city.

A:67?

B: I stayed there for a week. 68?

A: No, I havent. But Im going to spend a holiday there.

B: Youd better go to Dalian in summer. So you can enjoy swimming in the sea.

A:69. I will go there this summer vacation.

B:70?

A: By plane.

这是个放在写作技能中的补全对话题，要求根据上下文填写句子，很显然对于语言能力要求较高。答案是：66. Where does he live67. How long did you stay there68. Have you been to Dalian69. Thats a good idea / I think so / That sounds great / I agree with you70. How will you get/ go there

问：做好补全对话需要注意哪些问题？

答：做补全对话题时，必须坚持从整体到局部的原则，先通读全文和中文提示，掌握大意，然后根据上下文逐一分析对话中空缺部分。由于所空缺部分的语境不同，所以应该选择或补写的内容从形式到内容差别很大。这就要求在具备必要的词汇、语法知识的同时，还要熟悉英语中有关的表达方式，并能灵活应用。初步做完之后一定要复读全文，对照中文提示，核对答案是否正确。下面的方法不妨一试：

1. 理顺关系。快速熟悉对话内容，根据对话所给的信息迅速揣测和判断对话情境、双方身份、谈话内容及双方关系，理解通篇大意。

2. 初定答案。了解对话发生的情景后，要在头脑中迅速回忆起相关的习惯表达，这时可开始答题。答题时应注意理顺上下文的关系，利用已知信息推断出正确答案。从有把握的答案开始，没把握的暂时放下。尤其要注意上下文所提供的有效信息，根据标点符号，如问号、句号、感叹号、省略号等所给的启示初定答案。

3. 正确书写。写出答案不难，但要写出准确的答案却比较难。答题时应注意单词的正确拼写、时态的正确运用以及句子的习惯表达等。书写应工整规范。如果是选择题就方便多了，从有把握的开始选，剩下的答案越选越清楚，水落石出，难题也就成简单题了。由于越来越多省市的中考补全对话题采用“非选择式”题型。这就要求平时养成动手书写的习惯。多练习，多书写才能写出合乎英美表达习惯的短语和句子。

4. 大胆尝试。

5. 仔细检查。

示例五：（2013年南昌卷）

请阅读下面对话，从方框内7个选项中选择5个恰当的句子完成对话，其中有两个句子是多余的。

A. Why dont you ask some companies to support

the zoo?

B. The government needs tourists support.

C. I understand that but we need to find a different solution.

D. Its also an important place for animal protection.

E. We will put more advertisements on TV.

F. There simply arent enough tourists going to it.

G. And the zoo is part of the city.

Z=Zoo manager, C=City government

Z: What about giving us more money?

C: Im sorry, but the government doesnt have any more money for the zoo.

Z: But if we dont find a solution soon, then well have to close it. 51.Its a tourist attraction.

C: Yes, but thats the point. 52. Youre going to have to find the money from somewhere else.

Z: 53. Some of these animals are endangered. If we didnt have zoos, they would

die.

C: 54. What if you advertised（做广告）the zoo more? In the newspaper or on the radio, for example.

Z: But if we dont have any money, we cant advertise.

C: 55.

Z: Actually, that isnt a bad idea. You might be right!

C: I have the names of some company managers you could meet…

这是一个差额选择题。答案是：51～55 GFDCA

示例六：（2013年福州卷）

用恰当的词语填空，完成对话。每空一词。

W: Excuse me, is there a bookstore around here?

M: Yes. There is 101. on Zhongshan Road. Its between the parking lot and the supermarket.

W: How 102. is it from here?

M: About thirty minutes walk. You can 103. the No. 14 bus there.

W: Thank you. By the way, 104. the bus stop?

M: Its at the end of this street. You cant 105. it.

W: Thanks for your help.

M: Youre welcome.

答案：101. one102. far103. take104. wheres105. miss

示例七：（2013年河南卷）

根据下面的对话情景，在每个空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话的意思连贯、完整。

A: Hi, Tony! What are you doing here?

B: Hi, Judy! Im reading about travelling.

A: About travelling? 76. ?

B: Yes, Im planning to travel during my summer vacation. Summer is the perfect time for fun and Id like to stay cool in the hot weather.

A: Thatll be fun! 77. ?

B: Not yet. Im looking for a place Ive never been to. Any suggestions?

A: 78. . Its quite cool there in summer. Im sure you will like that place because there are many fun activities. And the food there is also special.

B: 79. . Thanks for your suggestion. Whats your plan for the summer vacation?

A: I will stay at home. 80. .

But please tell me about your vacation after you come back.

B: No problem.

答案：76. Are you planning （for） your/ the summer vacation

Are you planning/ Do you plan to travel/ go travel（l）ing

Do you have any plans for the summer vacation

…

77. Have you decided/ made up your mind/ found out where to go/ visit

Have you decided on the place

…

78. I think you can go to…

I suggest （that） you go to/ I suggest your going to…

My suggestion is that you go to…

You may/ can go to…

…

79. Thats a good/ great idea/ Thats great/ good

It sounds/ Sounds good/ great

（Then） I will go to…

Ill think about it

…

80. Ill help my father with his business/ …

Ill help my mother with the housework/ …

Ill do my homework/ …

示例八：（2013年陕西卷）

根据对话内容，将方框内符合对话语境的句子抄写在对话空白处，使对话恢复完整，选项中有两项是多余的。

（Ted and Bob are having breakfast.）

Ted: Hi, Bob! Eating fried chicken?

76.

Bob: Eggs and milk? I dont want to have them every day. 77.

Ted: But dont have too much unhealthy food. 78.

Bob: OK, I wont. By the way, I find some students throw away eggs and milk.

Ted: Thats too bad. 79.

Bob: Yes. But what do you think we can

do?

Ted: 80.

Bob: Lets have a try, then we may have different kinds of food every day.

Its bad for your health.

Its delicious.

How about asking our teacher to stop it?

Can we do something to stop it?

I want something delicious.

Arent the eggs and the milk enough?

Why not advise our school to prepare different kinds of food?

答案：76.Arent the eggs and milk enough?

77.I want something delicious.

78.Its bad for your health.

79.Can we do something to stop it?

80.Why not advise our school to prepare different kinds of food?

示例九：（2013年陕西卷）

根据下面对话中的情境，在每个空白处填入一个适当的语句，使对话恢复完整。

A: Nick, are you busy now?

B: No. 81.

A: I need your help. Im planning for tomorrows Chinese class. Can we talk about it?

B: You mean the activity of “Spring in my eyes”?

A: Yes. What are you going to do?

B: Er… 82.

A: Sing a song? Whats the name of the song?

B: In Spring. 83.

A: I dont know. 84.

B: Let me see. You like drawing. I think you

can draw a picture about spring.

A: 85. Ill do that tomorrow.

答案：81. Whats the matter?/ Whats up?/ Why?/ Why are you asking?

82. Ill sing a song/ Im going to sing a song/ I can sing a song/ Id like to sing a song/ I want to sing a song.

83. What/ How about you/ What are you going to do/ What will you do?

84. Can/ Could/ Would you give me some advice?/ Can/ Could/ Would you give some advice to me/ Do you have any advice/ suggestions/ good ideas/ Any advice/ suggestions/ good ideas?

85. That sounds great/ good/ That sounds like a good idea/ Thats a good idea/ Sounds great/ good/ like a good idea/ Good idea.