不可或缺的lack

高永彬

用法复杂的词汇常让同学们感到头疼。用法复杂的词汇主要是指那些具有多种词性和多种意义及搭配的词汇，lack这个词就属于这一类。lack既可以用作名词，意为“缺乏，不足”，又可以用作动词，意为“缺乏，没有，不足，需要”等。

【用法阐析】

1. 作名词，意为“缺乏，不足”，常与介词for/through或of连用，其常见搭配及句型有：

lack of + n. 缺乏……

for/through lack of + n. 因缺乏……

There is a lack of + n. 缺乏……

There is no lack of... 不乏……

如：Lack of money makes him nervous.金钱的缺乏使他焦躁不安。

If he fails，it wont be for/through lack of effort. 要是他失败的话，那也不是因为他不努力。

I love life，very rational but there is no lack of passion. 我热爱生活，很理性但又不乏激情。

2. 作动词，意为“缺乏，没有，不足，需要”等。

（1）vt. 缺乏，不足，没有

如：He just lacks a little confidence. 他只是缺乏一点信心。

（2）vi. 缺乏，不足，需要

如：They lacked for nothing. 他们应有尽有。

【用法拓展】

lacking adj. 短缺的，缺乏的。常用短语：be lacking in 缺乏……

如：Nothing is lacking but the will. 什么都不缺，就缺意志。

Since she is young，she is lacking in experience. 由于年轻，她缺乏经验。

例1 Many of our young workers ________ proper training.

A. are lacking in B. are lack

C. lack for D. lack of

解析：选A。lack不可作形容词，排除B项；lack for常用于否定句，排除C项；lack of中的lack为名词，不能作谓语，排除D项。

例2 Though ________ money，his parents managed to send him to university.

A. lacked B. lacking of

C. lacking D. lacked in

解析：选 C。though后省略了主语his parents和谓语were，用现在分词作状语，表示主动。A、D项错在没用现在分词，所以不表示主动意义。B项错在当lack of 表示缺少时，lack应当作名词。

【跟踪练习】

1. Keep him at arms length，as he is a guy being lacking ________ honesty.

A. of B. on C. in D. about

2. —What caused the failure of the experiment？

—________.

A. Because of shortage of fund

B. For lack of fund

C. Lack of fund

D. Due to lack of fund

3. Im sorry，were ________ that kind of trousers. Would you come back next week？

A. short B. lacking C. in need D. short of

参考答案：1.C 2.C 3.D（责任编校/彭益）