院士风采

陈家镛

1922.02.17～

化学工程学家。四川成都人。1943年毕业于中央大学化工系。1951年获美国伊利诺大学博士学位。中国科学院化工冶金研究所研究员。在加压湿法冶金方面，与同事采用加压氨浸法处理难选氧化铜矿获得成功；进行了从红土矿和硅酸镍矿湿法提取金属镍、钴的研究，为援外工程做出了贡献。领导开展湿法制取新型复合涂层粉末并持续进行生产，解决了国防工业上的急需。深入进行气—液—固三相反应器及分离工程的基础性研究，为发展新设备及优化操作打下基础。结合我国矿产资源特点，发展高效萃取分离钒与铬、钨与钼及铁与有用金属的新方法。又发展了从酵母液中分离一些抗生素如青霉素及洁霉素的新过程，许多新过程获得了专利。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemical engineering expert. Born in Chengdu, Sichuan Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemical Engineering, National Central University in 1943. Received Ph. D. from the University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, USA in 1951. Research professor, Institute of Chemical Metallurgy, Chinese Academy of Sciences.

Together with his coworkers, Chen successfully developed a process of high pressure ammonia leaching of refractory oxidized copper ore as well as the hydrometallurgical process to recover nickel and cobalt in metallic form from laterite and nickel silicate ore, making contributions to the program of aiding foreign countries. He led the preparation of different kinds of composite coated powders and the production in pilot plant scale for the national defense industry. He conducted fundamental research on the gas-liquid-solid phase reactor and the separation engineering for developing effective equipment and optimum conditions. With regard to the features of China’s mineral resources, he developed new and effective processes for the separation of vanadium from chromium, tungsten from molybdenum and iron from other valuable metals, and new solvent system for the recovery of antibiotics such as Penicillin G and Lincomycin from filtered fermentation liquor. He has been granted a number of patents for the new processes he developed.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

武迟

1914.12.16～1988.03.01

石油化工专家。浙江杭县人。1936年毕业于清华大学化学系。公费留美，1939年获美国麻省理工学院硕士学位。1950年回国后，在清华大学等校任教授。石油化工科学研究院副院长、总工程师。在参加铂重整等炼油新工艺开发，利用炼厂气制取聚合级丁二烯和生产顺丁橡胶等攻关会战中，发挥了技术领导作用，使中国石油化工工业进入新的发展阶段。参与组织了分子筛催化剂提升管催化裂化新工艺的研究和开发，推进了新型双功能重整催化剂的研制和择形分子筛催化剂在石油化工中的应用，均取得显著成效。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Petro-chemical specialist. Born in Hangxian, Zhejiang Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University in 1936 and M.Sc. from MIT, USA in 1939. Returned to China in 1950. Professor, Tsinghua University, and chief engineer and vice president, Research Institute of Petro-Chemical Engineering.

Univer Wu’s leadership, a number of key problems in the development of petro-chemical technology were solved, such as the platinum reforming technology, the process of producing polymer grade butadiene from refinery gas and the production of butadiene rubber. These achievements have promoted China’s petrochemical industry to a new stage. He also led and participated in the research and development of riser catalytic cracking technique and promoted the application of bifunctional reforming catalyst and shape-selective zeolite catalysts in petro-chemical industry, with outstanding achievements obtained.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

査全性

1925.04.11～

化学家。生于江苏南京。1950年毕业于武汉大学化学系。武汉大学教授。早年曾对阴、阳离子和非离子型表面活性物质在电极表面上的吸附于联合吸附过程，以及它们对电极反应过程的影响做过比较系统的工作，所总结出的规律对选择电镀添加剂和电池缓蚀剂具有一定的指导意义。70年代中在燃料电池和空气电池的研究中，对气体电极（氢、氧）催化剂和多孔气体扩散电极的极化过程有较深入的研究。在对空气电极表面上固体析出（“冒盐”）和液体析出（“冒汗”）机理研究的基础上，制出了长寿命气体电极和组装成功200瓦氨空气燃料电池系统，曾在微波中继站使用。80年代从事光电化学催化，高必能锂电池及生物酶电极研究。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Nanjing, Jiangshu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University in 1950. Professor, Wuhan University.

In his early years, Zha systematically researched the electrode adsorption of anionic, cationic and non-ionic surfactants and the influence of these surfactants on the kinetics of electrode reactions. The basic principles derived from his study have been successfully applied in the selection of electroplating additives and corrosion inhibitors for batteries. In the 1970s, he studied the polarization of gas-diffusing electrode, gas-diffusing electrode. He was able to make long life gas electrode used for his 200w ammoniaair fuel cell system which has found application in microwave relay stations. Since the 1980s, he has been engaged in the study of photoelectrochemical catalysis, high energy density lithium batteries and enzyme electrodes.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.

顾翼东

1930.03.04～1996.01.21

化学家。江苏苏州人。1923年毕业于东吴大学化学系。1925年获美国芝加哥大学硕士学位，1935年获该校博士学位。复旦大学教授。除教学外，从事我国丰产素钨、钼、铌及稀有元素化学的研究，开展有关液—固体系平衡相图及溶剂萃取的工作。首先提出了内在还原法制备蓝色氧化钨，以及倒滴加法制备活性粉状白钨酸及铌酸。又从后者制得一系列已知和未见诸文献的含钨化合物。在稀土分离和化合物性质研究方面，进行了稀土亚砜、加合物的制备，酰代吡唑酮、多碳亚砜、二苯羟乙酸作为萃取剂。从离子交换淋出液中回收EDTA、铜及轻稀土也取得成果。

1980年当选为中国科学院院士（学部委员）。

Chemist. Born in Suzhou, Jiangsu Province. Graduated from the Department of Chemistry, Dongwu Uninversity in 1923. Received MS in 1925 and Ph.D. in 1935 from the University of Chicago, USA. Professor, Fudan University.

In addition to teaching in the University, Gu has been engaged in the investigation of tungsten, molybdenum, niobium and tantalum chemistry, rare elements chemistry as well as liquidsolid phase diagram and solvent extraction. He first proposed the inner reduction method for the preparation of blue tungsten oxide and reverse droplet addition method for the preparation of reactive white tungstic acid powder and niobic acid. A lot of known and unknown tungsten containing compounds were prepared. In the fields of rare earth compound separation and property research, he prepared rare earth sulfon adduct compounds by using acetypyrazolidone, alkyl sulfon, and diphenylhy-droxyacetic acid as extraction solvents. He has made important achievements in the recovery of EDTA, copper and light rate earth materials from the ionic exchange elution.

He was elected Member of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 1980.