“一……就……”的多种英语表达句式

王禄芳

英语的学习过程是一个从量变到质变的过程。有些学生抱怨英语单词记不住,语法枯燥、难懂,无法掌握。其实,这只是学习方法的问题。还有一些学生一味追求“速成”,这是不会解决根本问题的。学生必须扎扎实实从日积月累开始,循序渐进,擅于归纳、总结。现针对英语学习中“一……就……”的表达方式,归纳如下:

一、as soon as…

例如:(1)I came as soon as I heard the news. 我一听到消息马上就来了。

(2)As soon as she saw the Statue of Liberty she realized that she was already in the United States. 她一看到自由女神像,就意识到自己已经到了美国。

二、No sooner…than…

例如:(1)No sooner had he sat down than it began to rain. 他刚坐下,天就开始下雨啦。

(2)No sooner had he arrived there than he fell ill. 他一到达那里就生起病来。

三、Hardly…when…

例如:(1)Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his views.

他刚一说完,就有人起来驳斥他的观点。

(2)Hardly had he finished his work when the telephone rang.

他一完成工作,电话铃就响了。

四、Scarcely…when…

例如:(1)Scarcely had I opened the door when the dog came running in.

我一开门,那条狗就跑了进来。

(2)Scarcely had the bird flown out of the nest when the hunter shot at it.

那只鸟刚一从巢里飞出,猎人就开始对它射击。

需要注意的是,在第二种、第三种和第四种句子结构中,前半分句的主语和谓语需要倒装。

五、Immediately…

“immediately”除可用作副词外,还可用作连词。

例如:(1)She would help her parents do the housework immediately she got home.

她一回到家就帮助父母做家务。

(2)Make sure the property you are buying is insured immediately you exchange contracts. 一交换合同,就应立刻给所购房产买保险。

六、the moment (that) sb. does/says sth.

例如:(1)He said he would phone you the moment he got home.

他说他一到家就给你打电话。

(2)She ran out to meet him the moment she saw him coming.

她一看到他走来,就跑去迎接他。

七、the minute…

例如:(1)The policeman rushed to the spot the minute he heard of the road accident.

那名警察一听到车祸发生,就急忙赶到现场。

(2)Lily knew he was not an Englishman the minute Miles began to speak.

迈尔斯一讲话,莉莉就知道他不是英国人。

八、the instant…

例如:⑴The driver pulled on the brake the instant he saw two kids jumping up and down on the road. 一看见在马路上蹦来跳去的两个孩子,司机就立即踩了刹车。

⑵The instant I saw her, I knew that I couldn?蒺t leave her.

我一见到她,就知道再也离不开她了。

九、once…

例如:⑴Once she arrives, we can start. 她一到,我们就可以开始。

⑵Once there, they started piling boxes of melons in the back of the pick?鄄up.

他们一到那儿,就开始往小卡车后部装一箱箱的甜瓜。

十、On/Upon (doing) sth.

例如:⑴On hearing the news of the air attack most foreigners headed for the border.

一听到空袭的消息,大多数外国人便前往边境。

⑵On the general?蒺s command, all soldiers must salute.

一听到将军的口令,全体士兵必须立即敬礼。

另外,还有“at the thought that/of…”、“at the sight of…”的固定短语译法:

例如:Mary brightened up at the thought that she was going to have dinner with a famous actor. 一想到她将与一位著名的演员共进晚餐,玛丽感到十分高兴。

She always faints at the sight of blood. 她一看见血就要犯晕。