插入语浅析

吴长军

插入语是对一句话作一些附加的解释，表明说话者的态度和看法，它在句中往往起承上启下的作用，使句子与前面说的话连接得更紧密一些。在书面表达时若能恰当地使用过渡性插入语，可以增强文章的连贯性、逻辑性、可读性和情感性，以引起阅卷老师的注意，从而获得可观的印象分。为了便于同学们认识和学习插入语，下面把插入语的多种类型归纳如下：

一、现在分词短语作插入语

1. generally(frankly, honestly) speaking一般说来；(坦率，诚实)地说

Generally speaking, boys are more interested in sports than girls. 一般说来，男孩比女孩更喜欢运动。

Honestly speaking, he isnt fit for his office. 说实话，他不称职。

2. judging from (by) ...依……来判断

Judging from his accent, he must be from Guangdong. 从口音上判断，他准是广东人。

Judging by the noise, the race must have begun. 根据闹声判断，比赛一定已经开始了。

3. considering ...考虑到……；就……而论

He is strong considering his age. 就他的年龄而论，他可算得上是身体强壮。

4. talking of ...谈起……

Talking of fine arts, do you have any interest in painting?说起艺术，你对绘画有没有兴趣？

二、不定式作插入语

1. to tell (you) the truth说真的

To tell you the truth, I dont like the color at all. 说真的，我一点也不喜欢这种颜色。

2. to be sure当然；肯定；不成问题

He is young, to be sure, but very experienced. 他肯定还年轻，但已很有经验了。

3. to be honest (frank)老实说 (坦白地说)

To be honest(frank), I dont quite agree with you. 老实说(坦白地说)，我不太同意你的意见。

4. to make things worse更糟糕的是……

To make things worse, her husband became ill. 更糟糕的是他的丈夫病了。

三、介词短语作插入语

1. in ones opinion (eyes)在某人看来

In my opinion, this plan is not reasonable. 在我看来，这个计划不合理。

2. by the way顺便问一句

By the way, where are you going?顺便问一句，你要去哪儿？

3. in other words换句话说

In other words, conditions are not yet ripe for it.换句话说，条件还没有成熟。

4. in a word总而言之

In a word, we shouldnt stop half way.总之，我们不能半途而废。

四、形容词 (短语) 作插入语

1. wonderful太棒了

Wonderful, our team has won again. 太好了，我们队又赢了。

2. true真的

True, you have done well.说真的，你干得不错。

3. worse than all (ever) 更糟糕的是

I felt very hungry. Worse than all, I took no money．我感到很饿，更糟糕的是，我没带钱。

4. strange to say 说来奇怪

Strange to say, she hasnt got my letter up to now. 说来奇怪，她到现在还没有收到我的信。

五、副词短语作插入语

1. happily / luckily for sb.对某人来说幸运的是……

Luckily for him, his stepmother was kind to him. 对他来说幸运的是他继母对他很好。

2. certainly 当然

Certainly, I wont accept such a foolish plan. 我当然不会采纳这样一个愚蠢的计划。

3. indeed 的确

You speak English quite fluently, indeed. 你的英语的确讲得很棒。

六、代词短语作插入语

1. all in all总的来说

All in all, her condition was greatly improved. 总的来说，她的情况有很大的好转。

2. all the same尽管如此；仍然

It was raining hard, but we got there in time all the same.那时下着大雨，但我们还是准时到达了那里。

3. all told 总共

His crew was reduced to twenty-four all told. 他的船员减少到总共只有二十四人。

七、短句作插入语

1. if I dare say我认为……

You shouldnt, if I dare say, do it like that. 我认为你不应该那样做。

2. if you like如果你喜欢的话

You may, if you like, keep the book.如果你喜欢的话可以保留这本书。

3. what is more而且；况且

He learns easily, and what is more, he remembers what he has learnt. 他学得很轻松，而且学过的东西全记得。

4. whats worse更糟糕的是……

What was worse, this wine was not at all suitable for drinking with a meal. 更为糟糕的是，这种酒根本不适合进餐时饮用。

5. I believe我相信

I believe, she is a kind girl. 我相信她是一个心地善良的姑娘。

6. that is to say也就是说

He will come on National Day, that is to say, October 1st.他国庆节要来，也就是说十月一号。

八、一般疑问句作插入语

在特殊疑问句中，常用do you think(believe, imagine, guess, suppose等)这类一般疑问句结构作插入语，这时，特殊疑问句要用陈述句语序。

1. Who do you think this man is?你认为这个人是谁？

2. What do you suppose she will do?你想她会做什么？

3. How much money did he say he spent in traveling abroad?他说他在国外旅行花了多少钱？

九、用标点符号引导插入语

1. He was (strange as it seems) an excellent sportsman. 他(尽管还显得十分离奇)是一个出色的运动员。

2. He was—to me at least, if not to you—a figure that was worth having pity on. 至少我觉得如此，即使你不是这样认为的话，他是一个值得同情的人。