重点句型解析

1. 【原句】What’s the matter （with you）？ = What’s the trouble （with you）？ 或What’s your trouble？ = What’s wrong （with you）？ 你怎么了？

【解析】以上几句意思是“（你）怎么了？”用来询问身体或精神状态，也可以用来询问突发事件，表示关心或问候。例：

—What’s the matter with your uncle？" "—He has a fever.

—What’s her trouble？" —She has a cold.

2. 【原句】She talked too much yesterday and didn’t had enough water. 昨天她谈话太多，又没喝足够的水。

【解析】（1）too many， too much和much too的用法区别：

too many的中心词是many，用来修饰复数可数名词。例：

Tom bought too many books yesterday.

too much的中心词是much， 用来修饰不可数名词。例：

There is too much water on the playground. Please be careful.

另外， too much还可作名词性短语，用作宾语; 也可在句中用作状语，修饰动词。例：

You’ve taught me too much.

Don’t eat too much before you go to sleep.

much too的中心词是too，用来修饰原级形容词或副词。例：

You’re speaking much too fast. I can’t follow you.

（2） enough 既可以用作形容词、副词，又可用作名词。

enough 用作形容词时，意思是“足够的”，通常用来修饰名词，放在该名词之前。例：

We have enough time to finish our homework.

enough 用作副词时，意为“足够地”，修饰形容词、副词或动词时，应放在这些词之后，后接动词不定式。例：

The boy is strong enough to carry the heavy bag.

enough 用作名词时，意为“足够（的数量或数目）”，它可以用作主语或宾语。例：

I’ve had enough. Thank you.

3. 【原句】Does he have a toothache？ 他牙疼吗？

【解析】have a toothache 牙疼

类似的词组还有：have a fever 发烧 have a cough 咳嗽 have a headache 头疼" have / catch a cold" 患感冒 have a stomachache 胃疼 have a backache 背疼 have a sore throat 咽喉发炎 have the flu患流感

4. 【原句】She should take her temperature.她应当量体温。

【解析】 take one’s temperature 量体温

should的用法：

（1）表示“应该，应当”。例：

He should work harder.

Should I wear a coat？

（2）表示“可能，该（=will probably） ”。例：

He should arrive soon.

（3）表示粗暴地拒绝一项建议、要求或指示。例：

—What time does the film start？" —How should I know？

—Could your wife help us in the office tomorrow？ —Why should she？ She doesn’t work for you.

（4）should与ought to的比较：

①除表示“万一”“竟然”等只能用should外，表示“应该，应当”“可能”等，两者可互换，只是ought to的语气稍重。例：

You ought to / should work harder than that.

She ought to / should finish it by next week.

②should 强调主观看法，而 ought to 强调客观要求。例：

We ought to go and see my mother in hospital tomorrow， but I don’t think we will.

③注意ought to的否定式与疑问式：

You ought not to do it.

—Ought he to start now？ —Yes， he ought （to）.

They ought to go now， oughtn’t they？

5. 【原句】He hurt himself. 他伤到了自己。

【解析】hurt oneself伤到自己。hurt的过去式是hurt。例：

Susan hurts herself in the room.

常见带有反身代词的词组：

look after oneself / take care of oneself 照顾自己 teach oneself sth. / learn sth. by oneself自学 enjoy oneself玩得高兴，过得愉快 help oneself to sth. 请自用……（随便吃 / 喝些……） say to oneself自言自语 lose oneself in 沉浸于，陶醉于…… leave sb. by oneself把某人单独留下 buy oneself sth.给自己买……东西 introduce oneself 介绍自己