土地耕种2

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第一部分 閱读（共两节，满分50 分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Climate change is known to negatively affect agriculture and livestock， but there hasbeen little scientific knowledge on which regions of the planet would be touched or whatthe biggest risks may be. New research led by Aalto University assesses just how globalfood production will be affected if greenhouse gas emissions are left uncut.

The researchers assessed how climate change would affect 27 of the most importantfood crops and seven different livestock， accounting for societies varying capacities toadapt to changes. The results show that threats affect countries and continents in differentways; in 52 of the 177 countries studied， the entire food production would remain in thesafe climatic space in the future. These include Finland and most other European countries.

Already vulnerable countries such as Benin， Cambodia， Ghana， Guinea?Bissau，Guyana and Suriname will be hit hard if no changes are made; up to 95 percent of currentfood production would fall outside of safe climatic space. Alarmingly， these nations alsohave significantly less capacity to adapt to changes brought on by climate change whencompared to rich Western countries. In all， 20% of the worlds crop production and 18% oflivestock production under threat are located in countries with low capacities to adapt tochanges.

“If we let emissions grow， the increase in desert areas is especially troubling becausein these conditions barely anything can grow without irrigation. By the end of this century，we could see more than 4 million square kilometres of new desert around the globe，” MattiKummu， professor of global water and food issues at Aalto University says.“ We need tolighten climate change and， at the same time， improve our food systems and societiescapacities to adapt to changes—we cannot leave the vulnerable behind. Food productionmust be sustainable.”

1. What is paragraph 3 mainly about？

A. The measures to be taken.

B. The threat to vulnerable countries.

C. The assistance of rich countries.

D. The damage to crop production.

2. What do Kummus words suggest？

A. He feels very desperate. B. He cares more about others.

C. He was in charge of the study. D. He is worried about the vulnerable.

3. From which section of a newspaper is the text taken？

A. Environment. B. Technology.

C. Culture. D. Politics.

B

Many farmers in China are exploring new career paths. From drone operators to socialmedia influencers， new types of occupations taken on by Chinese farmers not only bringhigher incomes but also put new life into Chinas rural areas.

In April 2016， Yu Xiaojun， 28， founded an agricultural machinery services cooperativein partnership with his friends to provide services including sowing， crop protectionand harvesting for large farms with drones.

The cooperative now has over 100 sets of machinery and equipment and more than 20staff members. Many young people ask Yu to teach them how to fly drones.

As a short?video craze sweeps China， many farmers are becoming enthusiastic aboutsharing their lives online. Livestreaming has become a new farming tool， allowing farmersto reap the benefits of selling goods directly to urban consumers.

Holding a plate of dried sweet potatoes， Zhang Chuanfeng stood in front of a mobilephone to introduce the local products. The 40?year?old farmer is 1.4 meters tall and wasworried about his future after struggling in various jobs because he is too short. However，his transition has been a success.

With the support of the local government， Zhang rented a stall and opened his onlinebusiness. To improve his marketing skills， he attended training courses and learned fromother online streamers.

In April 2020， Zhang started livestreaming sales. The products received positive feedbackfrom the market， and that encouraged Zhang to include more types of local specialtiesin his sales.

His hard work paid off. Now Zhang has over 90，000 followers on a short?video platform.He made 5 million yuan from sales of local specialties last year. He also volunteeredto help locals sell other products including honey， organic eggs and fish through livestreaming.

“Through my efforts， I have lifted my family out of poverty， which was unimaginablebefore，” Zhang said.“ Compared to professional livestreamers， we are just at the primarystage. I hope more professionals will join us and we can build our brand.”

4. What does Yu Xiaojun most likely agree with？

A. Traditional farms should be enlarged in China.

B. Farmers should have their own modern machines.

C. Operating drones is popular among young farmers.

D. Farming needs the support of science and technology.

5. What was a barrier to Zhang Chuanfengs career？

A. His knowledge. B. His identity.

C. His height. D. His background.

6. Which word can be used to describe Zhang Chuanfeng？

A. Easy?going. B. Warm?hearted.

C. Well?educated. D. Strong?minded.

7. What can be the best title for the text？

A. Social media is taking over

B. Farmers are in need of technology

C. Drones are getting popular in China

D. Farmers are creating new career paths

C

As we sip our coffee and read the daily headlines， climate changes can seem like a distantthreat. But travel a few thousand miles to the source of your caffeine fix， and the threatis all too real.

The coffee farmers are now seeing violent downpours that drown their plants inMexico， where the climate used to be stable and mild， but the temperature now see?sawsbetween extreme cold and heat， which greatly affects their harvest. Unfortunately， farmersacross South America， Asia and Africa are also watching coffee plants decrease as droughtsand downpours attack their crops as a result of global warming. The consequences of allthis could soon work their way through the pipeline to your local coffee shop.

The problem arises， in part， from refinement （改进） of our taste. Two main breeds ofcommercial coffee Arabica and Robusta gain special reputation. The former is by far theworlds favourite， accounting for about 70% of the coffee we drink. However， the Arabicaplants have been bred from a very small stock taken from the mountains of Ethiopia—givingit very little genetic diversity and making it particularly difficult to adapt to climate change.Besides， the plants grow best between a very narrow range of relatively mild temperatures18℃ to 22℃ and needs gentle， regular rainfall. The delicate Arabica plants just cant copewith the new and unpredictable conditions that come with global warming.

All of these paint a depressing picture for the future. Researchers predict that the landsuited to farming Arabica could drop by as much as 50% by 2050. Classic coffee?producingregions， such as Vietnam， India and most of Central America， will be hit particularly hard.Some of the farmers feel that the subject has almost become a taboo，“ We talk very littleabout climate. We already know how it is—and that there is nothing we can do.”

8. What does the author imply at the beginning？

A. The place of origin of coffee is at risk.

B. Coffee consumers like reading newspapers.

C. The place of origin of coffee is visited by consumers.

D. Coffee consumers do care about the weather very much.

9. What do we know about coffee planters？

A. They become victims of extreme weather.

B. Those in Mexico suffer the greatest loss.

C. Some of them take measures to cut the losses.

D. They try to meet the market demands for coffee.

10. What is the disadvantage of Arabica？

A. Its market share is small.

B. It can only be planted in Ethiopia.

C. It has disease?causing genes.

D. It has high demands for the environment.

11. The underlined word “taboo” in the last paragraph refers to something that is

.

A. easily understood B. rarely mentioned

C. hardly avoided D. heatedly discussed

D

Eduardo Rivera learned how to farm from his grandfather， who grew black beans，peaches， carrots and tomatoes in Zacatecas， Mexico. His playground was the farm—thechickens， the animals and the crops—and now， while he is living in Stillwater， Minnesota，its still the same.

“As a kid， I didnt really have much in terms of possession of toys or a television，” hesays.“ Your playground was outside. I never needed anything， honestly. We had our animals，we had fruit， and we had water. I just grew up very lucky.”

When he was 10， Rivera and his family moved to Arizona. He farmed in Arizona andmoved to Minnesota six years ago. He now hopes to change the face of farming by providingorganic produce for low?income Latinos.

Rivera runs Sin Fronteras， a 3.5?acre farm which he started in 2014. He rents the landfrom a local farmer.“ There are a lot of Latinos farming， but...not a lot of us own land，”Rivera says.

About 60 percent of Sin Fronteras business is wholesale; Rivera delivers to restaurantsand food co?ops twice a week. The rest is sold through a community?supported agricultureprogram and at farmers markets.

Riveras five?year business plan calls for him to own his own farm. His 10?year plan includesopening a farm?to?table restaurant that specializes in Mexican food.

“Not having any infrastructure （基础设施） or money， Ill have to grow for four years toachieve the numbers and then ask for a loan to buy my farm，” he says.“ Im going to rentone more year， and then I hope to be able to buy my own place. I dont see myself doinganything else.”

Once he owns his land， Rivera says he will be able to grow in the winter， too.“ I wantto put money into infrastructure to be able to do things all the year round，” he says.“Theres a farmer in Detroit Lakes who grows peaches in a greenhouse. Therere a lot ofthings you could do in the winter too.”

12. How does Rivera feel about his childhood years on the farm？

A. Encouraged. B. Regretful. C. Satisfied. D. Ashamed.

13. What problem does Rivera face now？

A. His farm needs more hands. B. He doesnt have his own land.

C. His produce doesnt sell well. D. He can only grow one or two crops.

14. What is Riveras plan？

A. To rent more land. B. To open a restaurant.

C. To raise the prices of vegetables. D. To teach local people to farm.

15. What is important to Rivera for changing the face of farming？

A. Building greenhouses. B. Introducing foreign fruit.

C. Joining another modern farm. D. Developing new farming methods.

第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

A hobby farm is a small farm thats run for your own pleasure rather than forprofit. 16 Where do you start？ What do you need to know first？ With these guidingprinciples， you can stay on course.

Start small. If you jump into hobby farming with both feet， theres a good chance thatyoull feel overwhelmed （不知所措的） with the care of seven or eight types of crops that arenew to you. If you start with just one or two major crops per year， youll have a chance tolearn as you go with a lower rate of failure. 17

Dont try to be profitable. If youre running a true business that you hope will earn yousomething beyond the food you eat， youre not a hobby farmer. 18 Remember that yougot into hobby farming for the fun of it.

Talk to other farmers. By talking to other people who have done—and are still doing—what you hope to do， youll get basic and in?depth knowledge of farming. Even if youre inan urban area， there are probably other people who share similar goals. 19 Considerjoining a group that shares tips， tools， and other resources.

Be flexible with your choices. 20 You thought youd enjoy growing corn， but findthat youre more interested in growing green beans. Thats okay. This is your farm—dowhatever you want with it.

A. Take the time to connect with them.

B. Youll feel more relaxed as you add new crops each year.

C. This depends on how much time you can spend on farming.

D. Youll get used to a new relationship with farming practice.

E. If youre just getting started with your hobby farm， things might seem difficult.

F. Feel free to try different crops on your farm， and know that its okay to change yourmind.

G. You might make a little money by selling produce， but avoid spending more timeselling than farming.

第二部分 語言运用（共两节，满分30 分）

第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Many adults have good memories of helping out in the garden as children. I can rememberwatching my grandfather 21 gladiolus bulbs （剑兰鳞茎） while I put some carrotseeds into the soil by his side. In todays busy world， a 22 can seem like one moreproject， but a small plot offers 23 learning opportunities.

Your preschooler will 24 in big ways from helping in a garden—with just a littleextra 25 on your part. From an emotional standpoint， preschoolers learn to be responsibleand patient while 26 a tiny seed as it grows into a plant. They discover 27 inraising something beautiful. The simple act of digging and planting also 28 physicaldevelopment.

Beyond what your child will 29 learn from being outdoors， there are ways to makethe gardening experience more 30 for him. Help him to make a chart of his plants andteach him to predict how the flowers will 31 each week. Then， work on basic math conceptsby 32 the plants together every Saturday. Talk to him about the principle ofcause and 33 as he waters the seeds and they later sprout （发芽）. Eventually， thecycle of life 34 magically in front of him， from seeds to growing plants to harvestingflowers and veggies.

Most importantly， gardening is a great way to 35 together in the great outdoors.Believe me， the memories of planting flowers next to Mom are sure to be sweet.

21. A. choose B. plant C. cook D. harvest

22. A. memory B. seed C. garden D. school

23. A. rich B. useless C. limited D. historic

24. A. suffer B. save C. benefit D. graduate

25. A. habit B. discussion C. answer D. effort

26. A. selling out B. picking up C. turning to D. caring for

27. A. self?protection B. self?control C. satisfaction D. pity

28. A. helps B. teaches C. discovers D. prevents

29. A. differently B. nervously C. naturally D. doubtfully

30. A. private B. educational C. common D. traditional

31. A. work B. change C. move D. disappear

32. A. growing B. watering C. digging D. measuring

33. A. effect B. action C. force D. pain

34. A. ends B. continues C. waits D. unfolds

35. A. bond B. live C. learn D. meet

第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Food is considered as one of the basic needs of humans. The need for food in largequantities 36. （lead） to the invention of farming. Today， the important role of agriculturecan 37. （understand） from the fact that almost eleven percent of the employmentin the US is related 38. agriculture.

Agricultural 39. （product） account for a large part of trade in the world. To?day， agriculture is the power engine for economic development， 40. （especial） indeveloping countries. Food security， 41. is one of the major goals of the UnitedNations， focuses on the availability and accessibility of adequate food for all people. Agricultureplays 42. important role in achieving this goal.

So farmers deserve our total support. It is our responsibility 43. （improve）the lives of our farmers. We should realize that the world is comfortable because of the hardwork of our farmers. We should recognize the 44. （important） of agriculture andgive due respect to our farmers. It is because of them 45. we are surviving in thisworld.

第三部分 写作（共两节，满分40 分）

第一节 （满分15分）

上周六，校学生会组织了一次参观农业生态园的活动。假定你是李华， 请你给校英文报写一篇报道，介绍这次活动。内容包括：

1. 活动时间和地点；

2. 活动内容；

3. 活动反响。

注意：

1. 词数80左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Students visit to Agricultural Ecological Park

第二节 （满分25分）

阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Zack joined our family two years ago. The first time I saw him in a caring center， hewas sitting in a corner， lonely and nervous. When I got closer， he tried to avoid eye contactand forced a smile. I could read his struggles in his eyes. Indeed， Zack was different. Hewas a kid with inborn disorder that made it difficult to manage his anxiety. I gently put myarms around him. Unexpectedly， he responded by giving me a tighter hug. My heart melted.I couldnt wait to drive Zack home immediately the adoption paper was done.

The life with us was new to Zack. Terrified of insects and always on alert （警戒） for astorm rolling in， he remained housebound. One March afternoon， we held a family barbecue.Despite my best effort， Zack wouldnt leave the house. I brought him a plate of foodand he watched us from the window. I was upset that he couldnt enjoy a few minutes ofpeace in the spring sun.

Anyway， Zack was a joy around， and we tried to meet all his special needs. We wereworried that Zack was delayed at schoolwork and needed to attend a speech and languagecamp， but he refused to go. I begged， and finally bartered （交換）.“ Ill do it for a petchicken，” he decided.

Thats when Valor， a hen with soft feathers， entered our lives in May. John， my husband，named her Valor， which meant“ courage” in ancient English.

No one had expected how the chicken would make a difference， but it did. Once Valorarrived， Zack slowly began stepping out in order to be with her. In turn， we repaid her withtreats of tomatoes and sunflower seeds. For some unknown reasons， Valor offered Zackpeace and comfort and was content to keep him company wherever he went. To our excitement，Zack talked more and smiled often. He even turned to us with questions about raisingpets， making John and me thrilled.

注意：续写词数应为150左右。

Paragraph 1：

In September， another barbecue came with more new friends.

Paragraph 2：

When I suggested introducing our new friends， amazingly， Zack stood up.