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季节如何影响你的睡眠?

2023-10-28黄连英

求学·理科版 2023年19期
关键词:判断题画线倒数

黄连英

After a long winter, the arrival of spring can be a welcome relief. The days grow longer, the temperatures increase, and the natural world around us comes to life again. But when the seasons change, our sleep patterns change with them.

New research suggests that humans may need more sleep in the winter than they do in the summer. A German study found that participants slept an hour longer in December than in June, regardless of their exposure to light. “Our study shows that even while living in an urban environment, with just artificial light, humans experience seasonal sleep,” says Dieter Kunz, one of the studys leaders. The study found that the participants experienced seasonal variations in their rapid eye movement sleep, also known as REM sleep, as well as in their slow wave sleep, also known as deep sleep. REM sleep, which is when we dream and our heart rate increases, was 30 minutes longer in the winter than during the summer. Slow wave sleep, which is when our muscles are repaired, our immune system is strengthened and our memory is consolidated, was 30 minutes shorter in September than in February.

But why do our bodies and brains need more rest at certain times of year? The answer could lie in our evolutionary past. Thats according to Neil Stanley, whos a sleep expert at Sleep Station, an online provider of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia. “We have evolved to dark-light cycles, so when we wake up on a winters morning and its dark, our brain is going ‘I cant do anything… theres no point leaping out of bed.” Particularly in summer, temperature also plays a role—our bodies require a skin temperature of between 31-35 degrees centigrade [Celsius] for a good nights sleep, but this can be harder to regulate during the warmer months.

Of course, nowadays, it is our school and work times—not the Sun—that determine when we get up in the morning. But, as autumn approaches, it seems we now have a good excuse for an early night.

(材料來自ChinaDaily网站,有删改)

1. Whats the function of the first paragraph?

A. To introduce the topic of the passage.

B. To tell us the authors opinion.

C. To give background information.

D. To stress the seasonal changes.

2. What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 2?

A. The process of the study.

B. The design of the study.

C. The significance of the study.

D. The findings of the study.

3. Which of the following may happen during a REM sleep?

A. Our immune system is strengthened.

B. Our memory is consolidated.

C. Our heart rate increases.

D. We wont have any dream.

4. What does the underlined word “regulate” in the last second paragraph mean?

A. Adapt to.B. Take control of.

C. Make a choice. D. Fall asleep.

1. A。解析:推理判断题。材料第一段提到,随着春天的到来,白天越来越长,气温越来越高,我们周围的自然世界再次活跃起来,而季节变换时,我们的睡眠模式也随之改变。由此引出话题——季节变化如何影响我们的睡眠?故选A。

2. D。解析:推理判断题。材料第二段的第一句是这一段的主题句,直接指明了新的研究结果,即“相比夏天,人类在冬天可能需要更多的睡眠”。下文则详细介绍了德国的一项研究。故选D。

3. C。解析:细节理解题。根据材料第二段第五句“REM sleep, which is when we dream and our heart rate increases, was 30 minutes longer in the winter than during the summer.”,我们可知,REM睡眠通常伴随着做梦和心率加快的表现。故选C。

4. B。解析:词义猜测题。材料倒数第二段中画线词所在句子的大意为“特别是在夏天,温度也起到了一定的作用——皮肤温度保持在31到35摄氏度之间时,我们才能睡个好觉,但是在温暖的月份,这就很难控制了”,由此可知,“regulate”应有“控制”之意。故选B。

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