中考还原句子题全接触

吴静

一、考情分析

近年来，阅读还原题难度有所增加，但是它是英语中考试卷中的一个重要题型，10 分的分值。阅读还原题可分为正文和选项两个部分，正文通常是 200 词左右的短文，文中有 5 个句子被挖空，正文后给出6～7个选项，要求学生根据文章结构、内容，选出正确的句子，填入相应的空白处。该题型主要考查学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。总的来说，这种题型难度要大于傳统的阅读理解题，对学生把握文章结构脉络、逻辑思维能力和语言综合运用能力，有更高的要求。

阅读还原题的文章一般在200词左右，设空位置一般有3种：段首、段尾和段中。根据历年真题的考查可看出考题段中设空最多，段尾次之，段首最少。

二、题型特点

考查体裁有说明文、议论文、记叙文，其中以说明文为主。因为说明文结构比较清晰，适合考查标题概括、主题句、过渡句等，从而考查学生对行文结构、脉络层次的综合分析能力。题型选项大致可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容），过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。这种选择题和四选一的题目不同，选项可能是句子或图片，形式可能是段落大意的归纳与段落的连线，但是可能不是一对一连线，一般都给出多余选项。

三、解题步骤

第一步：快速阅读文章和选项，了解文章主旨大意；

第二步：观察备选项，分析其语用功能以及前后应该对应的逻辑关系，标注关键词；

第三步：回到原文，写出或了解每段的主旨大意，根据前后句内容、语境、逻辑关系、过渡词、段落结构特点等，再结合备选项选出符合的选项；

第四步：通读全文，检查所选内容是否符合语境，前后文是否连贯通顺。

四、易错点拨

易错点1：不注意抓过渡句，也不看上下句。做此类题目时要认真阅读题干要求，如果是上下句搭配，要看清楚题目的前（后）句子的内容要点，注意句子与短文的联系，切不可只看句子的部分内容而造成理解上的偏差，造成配对错误。

易错点2：不顾大局，仅凭句意填空。要根据短文的内容和作者的意图去搭配，注意配对后的句子内容完整，并与短文的内容保持一致。要抓住短文段落的要点，要全面理解段落内容之间的关系，不能以偏概全。

五、考题精选

例1 （2022·湖南·衡阳）根据短文内容从下面的六个选项中选择五个还原到文中，使短文内容完整、意思连贯。

Parents can be very important teachers in our lives.11Parents may be too close to their children emotionally （感情上）. Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector.12However， it might seem too dangerous for a parent.

Another problem is that parents may expect their childrens interests to be similar to their own.13But what if their childs true love is art or writing， or car repair？

Parents usually want to pass on their values to their children. But should children always believe what their parents do？14But when they get older， they will have different ways of thinking.

The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives. Our parents teach us， our teachers teach us， and our friends teach us.15All of them are valuable.

[A. If they love science， they may try to force their child to love science， too.

B. However， they are not always the best teachers.

C. Teachers are always ready to help their students.

D. Books， newspapers and televisions also teach us.

E. For example， a teacher might see a trip to a big city as a valuable experience.

F. When children are young， they believe that their parents are always right.]

解析：本文主要讲述父母是我们生活中最重要的老师，但他们教育孩子时常存在一些问题。最重要的是要意识到，在生活中我们都有很多老师。

11. 根据“Parents may be too close to their children emotionally. Sometimes they can only see their children through the eyes of a protector.”可知，以保护者的角度看待孩子，不是最好的老师，B项“然而，他们并不总是最好的老师”符合语境。故选B。

12. 根据“However， it might seem too dangerous for a parent.”可知，此处讲一种家长认为危险的活动，E项“例如，老师可能会认为去大城市旅行是一种宝贵的经验”符合语境。故选E。

13. 根据“Another problem is that parents may expect their childrens interests to be similar to their own.”可知，父母可能希望孩子们的爱好和自己的相似，A项“如果他们热爱科学，他们可能会强迫他们的孩子也热爱科学”符合语境。故选A。

14. 根据“But when they get older”可知，此处讲孩子小时候的情况，F项“当孩子还小的时候，他们相信父母永远是对的”符合语境。故选F。

15. 根据“The most important thing to realize is that we all have many teachers in our lives.”可知，此处讲能教育我们的事情，D项“书籍、报纸和电视也教我们”符合语境。故选D。

例2 （2022·江苏·宿迁）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

When you do DIY， you make， repair or decorate things yourself instead of paying someone to do it. For one thing， its a wonderful time to enjoy yourself when you make something.46Today， I will show you how to make a fruit salad.

First， choose your favourite fruit. Use fruit in season.47

Next， wash the fruit.48For example， mixing red apples， green pears and purple grapes can make your salad look very colorful.

Then， cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces.49

Finally， mix them together and add some salad cream if you like.

50Just prepare it before you are going to eat it， because some of the fruit will quickly turn brown when you leave it in the air for some time.

[A. Make sure that it is fresh.

B. Please take care when you use a knife.

C. Youd better use fruit of different colors.

D. It will take you a lot of time to do DIY.

E. Try not to prepare the fruit salad too early.

F. For another thing， it can save you money.

G. DIY stands for “do-it-yourself”.]

解析：本文主要介紹了如何制作水果沙拉。

46. 根据“For one thing， its a wonderful time to enjoy yourself when you make something.”可知，接下来继续描述DIY的好处，选项F“另一方面，它可以为你省钱”符合语境。故选F。

47. 根据“Use fruit in season.”可知，要使用时令水果，这样可以保证水果新鲜，选项A“确保它是新鲜的”符合语境。故选A。

48. 根据“For example， mixing red apples， green pears and purple grapes can make your salad look very colorful.”可知，要用不同颜色的水果，选项C“你最好用不同颜色的水果”符合语境。故选C。

49. 根据“cut some of the larger fruit into small pieces.”可知，此处和切水果有关，选项B“用刀时请小心”符合语境。故选B。

50. 根据“Just prepare it before you are going to eat it.”可知，不要提前准备，在你吃之前准备好，选项E“尽量不要过早准备水果沙拉”符合语境。故选E。