Module 3 Literature

词汇短语园地

1. feed   v.   喂养；为……提供食品

Have you fed these chickens today？

你今天喂这些鸡了吗？

Whoever feeds the man is his master.

任何给这个男人提供食物的人都是他的主人。

搭配：

（1） feed sb/sth （on） sth   喂人或动物食物

Feed the cattle （on） barley.

喂这些牛大麦。

（2） feed sth to sb/sth   给人或动物喂食物

Feed barley to the cattle.

给这些牛喂大麦。

feed on   以……为食；因……而壮大

That kind of butterfly feeds on the flowers of garden plants.

那个品种的蝴蝶以园林植物的花为食。

2. serve   v. （为……）工作；（給……）提供；端上（饭菜等）

She has served the company for fifteen years.

她已在这家公司工作了15年。

Breakfast is served between 7：30 am and 9：00 am.

早饭供应时间是从早上7点半到9点。

搭配：

（1） serve sth with sth   某物和某物被一起端上

Serve the lamb with new potatoes and green beans.

羊肉要配新鲜土豆和青豆一起上。

（2） serve sth to sb   提供某物给某人

They served a wonderful meal to more than ten delegates.

他们招待十多位代表吃了一餐美味佳肴。

（3） serve sb sth   提供某人某物

His mother served us a delicious lunch.

他的妈妈招待我们吃了一顿可口的午餐。

3. whisper   v.   低声地说；耳语；私语

n.   低语（声）；耳语（声）；

私语（声）

My son whispered to me that he was afraid.

儿子低声对我说他害怕。

Don’t you know it’s rude to whisper at the meeting？

难道你不知道在开会时窃窃私语是不礼貌的吗？

Her voice dropped to a whisper while her baby was sleeping.

当她的宝宝睡觉时，她压低声音小声说话。

4. support   n.   支持；帮助；支撑物

v. 支持；帮助；支撑；养（家），

维持（生活）

Her families and friends have given her lots of support.

她的家人和朋友给了她很多帮助。

When my father died， I became the real support.

我父亲死后，我成了真正的顶梁柱。

If you raise the question at the meeting， I’ll support you.

如果你在会上提出这个问题，我会支持你。

Nowadays there are many different organizations that support people with different diseases.

现在有很多向各种疾病患者提供援助的各种组织。

in support of  （作状语）支持……

Only a few people spoke in support of the proposal.

只有几个人表示支持这一提议。

5.seize   v.   捉住；抓住（机会等），理解（意思）；夺

He seized her by the arm.

他抓住她的胳膊。

Seize the chance， otherwise you will regret.

抓住机会，否则你会后悔的。

She was quick to seize the meaning of his words.

她快速地理解了他的话的意思。

seize on/upon sth   抓住（可利用的事物）

The rumors were eagerly seized upon by the local newspapers.

当地报纸迫不及待地对这些传闻加以炒作。

6. scream   v.   尖叫；高声喊叫

n.   尖叫；尖锐刺耳的声音

Women were screaming; some of the houses nearest the bridge were on fire.

女人们在尖叫；离桥最近的几所房屋起火了。

The boy let out a scream of pain.

那个男孩疼得大叫一声。

搭配：

（1） scream （out） in/with   以……状态尖叫

The kids were screaming with excitement.

孩子们兴奋地喊叫着。

People ran for the exits， screaming out in terror.

人们惊恐万状，尖叫着奔向出口。

（2） scream （out） for sth/sb   为某事/某人高声喊叫

Someone was screaming for help.

有人在喊救命。

7. in a... voice   用……声音（说）

Please speak in a loud voice in order that we can hear what you say.

請大声说话，以便我们能听见你所说的。

He smiled sadly and replied in a weak voice.

他悲伤地笑了笑，用微弱的声音回答。

（1） be in good voice   嗓音良好

She was in good voice at the concert tonight.

她在今晚的音乐会上唱得不错。

（2） give voice to   表达

After watching the film， he gave voice to his discontent.

看完电影后，他表达了他的不满。

（3） lose sb’s voice   某人的嗓子哑了

He was suffering from flu and lost his voice.

他患了流感，嗓子哑了。

8.bring sth to the attention of sb   使某人关注某事

She says that many times the school nurse is the first one to bring health problems to the attention of parents.

她说，很多时候，学校护士是第一个使家长关注到健康问题的人。

I did the thing with the hope that the media would report on it， and bring cultural discrimination to the attention of the public.

我做这件事是希望媒体报道这件事，并使公众关注文化歧视。

（1） pay attention to   注意

Don’t pay any attention to what they say.

别在意他们说的话。

（2） draw attention to   吸引注意（某事物）

I tried not to draw attention to the weak points in my argument.

我尽量不使人察觉到我论证中的软肋。

幽默小故事

I Am Napoleon

Late one night at the insane asylum， one inmate shouted， “I am Napoleon！”

Another one said， “How do you know？”

The first inmate said， “God told me！”

Just then， a voice from another room shouted， “I did not！”

跟踪导练（一）

阅读理解

Sense and sensibility was written by British author Jane Austen. It shows two sisters’ love experiences and their complicated marriages. The novel offers the contrast between sense and sensibility in a humorous way.

The elder sister， Elinor Dashwood， is the perfect representation of sense. She always refrains （克制） from expressing her emotions， even when she finds out that Edward， her lover， was engaged to another woman. Meanwhile， Marianne Dashwood is the perfect representation of sensibility. She is idealistic. When she is confronted with the disinterest of her lover John Willoughby， Marianne is greatly annoyed.

Besides the themes of sense and sensibility， the novel also shows the status of women in that era. Elinor and Marianne used to live with their parents. But when their father passes away， the family’s property is passed down to their father’s son born out of wedlock. The sisters and their mother don’t have money and have to rely on their distant relative.

Due to their poor status， Willoughby， Marianne’s former lover， eventually marries a woman who does not have as much taste or elegance but who is rich.

The author showed readers the importance of money rather romance in this era. Marriages often depend on the financial situations of either side.

As the story evolves， Elinor and Marianne learn from each other. Marianne learns more self-restraint， and she marries her long-time admirer Colonel Brandon. Elinor is finally able to better express her emotions， and gets married with her lover Edward.

Through their parallel experience of love loss， the sisters learn that sense must mix with sensibility if they are to find personal happiness in a society where status and money govern the rules of love.

1. What is the theme of the novel Sense and Sensibility？

A. Sense should mix with sensibility. B. Status and money govern marriages.

C. Real love is never a selfish emotion. D. There is seldom true love in the real world.

2. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about？

A. The sisters’ family background. B. The rules of love in Austen’s era.

C. The loss of Dashwood’s property. D. Women’s social position in Austen’s era.

3. What can we learn about Elinor Dashwood according to the text？

A. She finds her true happiness finally. B. Her lover gets married to a rich woman.

C. She is admired by Colonel at first. D. Her sister marries Willoughby in the end.

4. What type of writing is the text？

A. A news report. B. A book review. C. A biography. D. A movie poster.

閱读七选五

How to Write a News Article

Writing a news article is different from writing other articles or informational pieces. 1 Knowing how to write a news article can help you exercise your writing skills and convey information clearly and briefly.

Gather all your facts. Before you write a news article， make a list or outline of all the connected facts and information that need to be included in the article. 2 It will help you write a clean， brief article.

Start with the lead. 3 This is one of the most important parts of the piece， so start with the leading statement when you write a news article. Your lead should be one sentence which states the topic of the article.

Give all the important details. The next important step to write news articles is including all the relevant facts and details that relate to your lead statement. 4 These details are important， because they are the key point of the article that fully informs the reader.

5 Be sure to double check all the facts in your news article before you contribute it，  including names， dates， and contact information or addresses. Writing accurately is the best way to make yourself a suitable news article writer.

A. Check facts before concluding.

B. Follow up main facts with additional information.

C. Include the basics of where， when， who， what and why.

D. A leading sentence is to catch readers’ attention and interest them.

E. Unlike other articles， news articles present information in a specific way.

F. Avoid any statements or description that could be constructed as support or criticism.

G. This list helps prevent you from leaving out any relevant information about the topic or story！

1. _____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

跟蹤导练（二）

完形填空

Charles Dickens was born in 1812. He was the 1 of a clerk in a government office. When Charles was still a little boy， his father was sent to prison for debt. In those days， men who 2 quite small amounts had to stay in 3 until the debt was paid.

When Charles was 12， he had to work in a factory. The only formal education he 4 was a two-year schooling at a school for 5 children. His career as a 6 of novels began in 1833 with short stories and essays in periodicals （期刊）， and in 1837， when he was 25， his short stories were 7 into the novel The Pickwick Papers， which made him the most 8 author of his time in England.

Charles Dickens had 9 of the unhappy life of many poor people. In years of hard work in various 10 jobs， Charles met many people， young and old， rich and poor， happy and 11 . He had unusual energy and unusual powers of observation.

Dickens’ 12 were much better or much worse than they would be in real life. The novels of Dickens are 13 of life， observation and energy， and his own energy seemed 14 . Many of his novels drew attention to the 15 social conditions that existed in England over a hundred years ago.

One of his 16 novels is A Tale of Two Cities， which was 17 in 1859. In this novel Dickens gives a vivid description of the French Revolution that broke 18 in 1789.

His sudden death in 1870 19 thousands of people who were waiting for his next book. Instead， they bought and wept over a picture called The Empty Chair， 20 the desk and chair that he would no longer use.

1. A. friend B. son C. student D. assistant

2. A. earned B. lost C. owed D. stole

3. A. prison B. school C. hotel D. church

4. A. offered B. received C. expected D. missed

5. A. normal B. unusual C. disabled D. poor

6. A. reader B. writer C. seller D. critic

7. A. collected B. translated C. adapted D. changed

8. A. interesting B. talented C. popular D. unknown

9. A. experiences B. stories C. times D. materials

10. A. unimportant B. unfair C. unpleasant D. unlucky

11. A. kind B. generous C. old D. sad

12. A. personalities B. characters C. works D. experiences

13. A. full B. short C. typical D. worthy

14. A. limited B. endless C. great D. enough

15. A. ideal B. unsatisfactory C. uncertain D. stable

16. A. famous B. favorite C. latest D. unfinished

17. A. published B. edited C. reviewed D. presented

18. A. in B. down C. out D. up

19. A. struck B. shocked C. terrified D. disappointed

20. A. covering B. suggesting C. supporting D. showing

跟蹤导练（三）

阅读理解

A

Bookstores are a traveller’s best friend—they provide convenient shelter in bad weather， and they often host readings and other cultural events. Here is a look at world’s six greatest bookstores.

Adrian Harrington—since 1971. Rare books; rare first editions; leather bound sets and general antiquarian （古玩）.

Address： 64A Kensington Church Street， Kensington， London， England， UK

Another Country—Kreuzberg， Berlin， Germany. Another Country is an English Language second-hand bookshop which is mostly used as a library. They have about 20，000 books that you can buy or borrow. Some regular events are held at the shop， such as readings， cultural events， social evenings and film nights.

Atlantis Books—Oía， Santorini， Greece. Atlantis Books is an independent bookshop on the island of Santorini， Greece， founded in 2004 by a group of friends from Cyprus， England， and the United States. Throughout the year it has hosted literary festivals， film screenings， book readings， and good old fashioned dance parties.

Bart’s Books—Ojai， California， USA. “The World’s Greatest Outdoor Bookstore”， a bookstore founded by Richard Bartinsdale in 1964. Shelves of books face the street， and regular customers are asked to drop coins into the door’s coin box to pay for any books they take whenever the store is closed.

10 Corso Como—Milan， Italy. Extensive selection of publication on art， architecture， design， graphics and fashion， along with a strong emphasis on photography. It was founded in 1990 in Milan， Italy， by Carla Sozzani.

The Bookworm—A bookshop， library， bar， restaurant and event space， now with four divisions in three cities—Beijing， Suzhou and Chengdu. The interconnecting rooms with floor-to-ceiling books on every wall are light and airy in summer， yet warm and comfortable in winter.

1. What bookstore has the longest history？

A. Bart’s Books. B. Adrian Harrington. C. Atlantis Books. D. 10 Corso Como.

2. What can you do in Atlantis Books？

A. Attend a festival. B. Learn photography. C. Enjoy rare books. D. Buy books anytime.

3. How is The Bookworm different from the other bookstores？

A. It is used as a library. B. It focuses on photography.

C. It hosts all sorts of activities. D. It has branches in different cities.

B

The Road Not Taken is one of Robert Frost’s most familiar and popular poems. It is made up of four stanzas （節） of five lines each. The popularity of the poem is largely a result of the simplicity of its symbolism： the speaker must choose between diverging （分叉的） paths in a wood， and he thinks that choice is like choosing between different directions in life. Though it is a simple poem， different people have different interpretations of how the speaker feels about his situation and how the readers view the speaker.

Frost wrote the poem in the first person， which raises the question of whether the speaker is the poet himself or a persona， a character created for the purposes of the poem. According to a biography， Robert Frost： The Years of Triumph by Lawrance Thompson， Frost would often introduce that the speaker was based on his friend Edward Thomas， “A person who， whichever road he went， would be sorry he didn’t go the other.”

In the first stanza， the speaker must choose between two paths in different directions. He regrets that he cannot follow both roads， so he pauses for a long while to consider his choice. In this stanza and the next， one road seems preferable; however， in the third stanza he has decided that the two paths are roughly equivalent （相同的）. And then he tries to cheer himself up by comforting himself that he will return someday and walk the other road.

In the last part of the poem， however， the speaker realizes that he probably will never return to walk another path. He believes that when he looks back years later， he will see that he had actually chosen the “less traveled” road， which may make a big difference to his life. The poem is entitled “The Road Not Taken”， which implies that he will never stop thinking about the other path he might have followed.

4. Why is the poem The Road Not Taken popular？

A. It is simple to interpret.

B. Its author is the most famous.

C. Its scene is similar to real situations in life.

D. It expresses a kind of mysterious poetic imagery.

5. Who may be the speaker in the poem according to the biography？

A. The poet himself. B. Edward Thomas.

C. Lawrance Thompson. D. An imaginary character.

6. What can we learn about the two paths in the second stanza？

A. Both roads are worth choosing. B. One of the roads seems better.

C. Very few people can choose both roads. D. The two roads are actually the same.

7. How would the speaker feel years later according to the last paragraph？

A. He would keep dreaming of going back.

B. The choice he made changed his life greatly.

C. He had chosen the better one of the two roads.

D. The road not taken could have made him happier.

跟踪导练（四）

完形填空

I was on my cellphone sharing my excitement about the stories we received for a new book about resolutions. When I 1 my call， my 11-year-old son Bailey asked if he could write a story. I was amazed by his 2 and asked if he had “resolved” to do something 3 in his life. His reply 4 me. He said， “I have resolved to be nicer to younger children.”

Bailey has always been generous with older kids. 5 ， when it comes to younger kids， he falls 6 . He gets angry when they touch his Lego creations or 7 to understand how to play his video games.

My husband and I have many friends with younger children who 8 regularly. Each time before they arrive， we tell Bailey how we would 9 it if he were more patient with the younger kids. He starts out great， but as the night wears on， his patience 10 out. I found it interesting that he was 11 making a change.

Later， I 12 our conversation and realized that Bailey had actually taken action. The last time our friend’s son， Brayden， 13 ， Bailey invited him to play with his Legos. Instead of getting angry that Brayden was not 14 correctly， according to Bailey’s 15 ， he allowed him to create his own version of an airplane. When playing video games， instead of telling Brayden he was too 16 to understand the concept， he gave him an unplugged （沒插电的） 17 and let Brayden believe he was fighting alongside Bailey.

As parents， we often feel as if our 18 fall on deaf ears， but now I realize that my son has been listening all along. He is 19 to be a better person and I am 20 of him.

1. A. expected B. ended C. returned D. answered

2. A. concern B. talent C. request D. belief

3. A. different B. adventurous C. scientific D. enjoyable

4. A. puzzled B. embarrassed C. annoyed D. surprised

5. A. Therefore B. Instead C. However D. Besides

6. A. asleep B. sick C. impatient D. silent

7. A. agree B. fail C. learn D. choose

8. A. visit B. practice C. perform D. debate

9. A. handle B. appreciate C. recognize D. replace

10. A. bursts B. gives C. breaks D. wears

11. A. casually B. successfully C. quickly D. voluntarily

12. A. forgot B. recalled C. started D. stopped

13. A. came over B. gave up C. showed off D. ran away

14. A. writing B. reading C. building D. sitting

15. A. standards B. situations C. memories D. experiments

16. A. weak B. nervous C. busy D. young

17. A. controller B. freezer C. computer D. lamp

18. A. assessments B. achievements C. instructions D. apologies

19. A. pretending B. refusing C. promising D. attempting

20. A. ashamed B. proud C. tired D. afraid

跟蹤导练（五）

阅读理解

When I was younger， I was addicted to reading. I could get through a whole book in a day， and used to beg my parents every night to let me stay up late so that I could just finish my chapter. From fairy-tales to thrillers， non-fiction to plays， I enjoyed reading any literature that I could get my hands on.

However， while there are many books for younger children， once you reach your mid-teens the choices become limited. I found myself choosing between books for children that were simple and not that interesting， and adult books that I couldn’t quite understand.

This lack of choice eventually led me to read less and less. When I was in secondary school， the only books I read were ones we were assigned （分配） in English class， and I was never very enthusiastic about my teacher’s choices. I thought too much discussion of symbolism and themes ruined the book. Maybe the sky being blue didn’t represent anything; maybe it was just a description！

Fortunately， I realized quickly that deciding to go to university meant I had signed up for four years of reading books. I chose a French literature module in my first year. I started out， thinking I wouldn’t enjoy any of the works we were studying over the course of the year. However， I soon realized that at a university level， the discussion was more fruitful and I found I had a lot to say！ And being able to discuss my thoughts with others meant I could better understand the subtle aspects of the plot： yes， even the symbolism and themes.

I began reading again for pleasure， starting with Malcolm X’s autobiography and never looking back. Now， during my year abroad， I spend a lot of my spare time in bookshops and reading in cafes. I’m so happy that I rediscovered my love of books.

1. What does the author mainly tell us in Paragraph 1？

A. She used to stay up late at night.

B. She read very fast as a young girl.

C. She loved reading very much in her childhood.

D. She once bought many different kinds of books.

2. Why did the author read less when she was a teenager？

A. She was tired of reading. B. She was busy with her schoolwork.

C. She had no right to choose books herself. D. She found very few suitable books to read.

3. What made the author start reading for pleasure again？

A. A special bookstore abroad. B. A book by Malcolm X.

C. Her reading experiences at university. D. Her professor of French literature.

4. What is the text mainly about？

A. The author’s desire to read widely.

B. The ways to form good reading habits.

C. The process of the author picking up reading.

D. The importance of discussing a book’s theme.

語法填空

Alfred Nobel was born in Sweden and then in 1842 moved to Russia with his parents， 1 his father made a strong position for himself in the engineering industry， but unfortunately went bankrupt （破产的） a few years later. Nobel had never been to school 2 university， but had studied 3 （private） and became a skillful chemist and excellent linguist， 4 （speak） Swedish， Russian， German， French and English. Unlike his father， he had better luck in business and showed more 5 （finance） sense. He was quick to see industrial chances for his scientific inventions and 6 （build） up over eighty companies in twenty different countries. But his main concern was never with making money or even with making scientific 7 （discovery）. Instead， he was always searching for a 8 （mean） for life. In 1896， Nobel died in Italy. In his will， he left money 9 （provide） prizes for outstanding work in Physics， Chemistry， Physiology， Medicine， Literature and Peace. And so， the man is remembered and respected long 10 his death.

1. _____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ____________

短文改错

Growing up in a small town， J. K. Rowling seems to have led a rather ordinarily life. Many of his former teachers said there was nothing which they could really remember about that girl. After graduated from the University of Exeter as French major in 1987， she went to Portugal and lived there for years. She has worked at various teaching positions after she finally became a full-time writer. Rowling became well known for writing chapter of the first Harry Potter book in a cafe with her baby being sleeping in a carriage beside her. Rowling’s books have been translated from more than 55 languages and are available in more than 200 countries.

跟蹤导练（六）

语法填空

Which would you rather be， a mathematician or 1 author？ Perhaps you will never  2 （face） with this kind of choice. Lewis Carroll was both of them. He was a lecturer in mathematics at Oxford University. But he is 3 （well） known as the writer of two of the most famous children’s 4 （book） that have ever been written （Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking Glass）. The author’s real name was Charles Lutwidge Dodgson， but he 5 （prefer） to use the pen name “Lewis Carroll” when he wrote， and this is the name we remember him by. Alice in Wonderland， 6 （publish） in 1865 when the author was 33 years old， was followed by Through the Looking Glass in 1871. 7 the books were written for a real girl called Alice and they have been read by millions of children since they were first published. These stories are about a dream world in which Alice 8 （meet） strange creatures and has 9 （interest） adventures. I’m sure you know this already， 10 if you don’t， you’d better read the stories yourselves.

1. _____________ 2. ____________ 3. ____________ 4. ____________ 5. ____________

6. ____________ 7. ____________ 8. ____________ 9. ____________ 10. ____________

书面表达

假如你是李华，你收到了美国朋友Peter寄来的最新的英文小说。请给他写一封邮件表示感谢。内容包括：

1﹒表示感谢；

2﹒回赠礼物（并说明其意义）；

3﹒你的祝愿。

注意：

1﹒词数 100 左右；

2﹒可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

背景大链接

Andersen， Father of Fairy Tale

“童话之父”安徒生

Hans Christian Andersen was a Danish fairy tale writer and poet noted for his children’s stories. These include The Steadfast Tin Soldier， The Snow Queen， The Little Mermaid， Thumbelina， The Little Match Girl， and The Ugly Duckling.

Born in the small town of Odense， Denmark in 1805， Andersen’s life was not easy. His father was a sickly man and his mother washed clothing for a living. His mother wasn’t highly educated， but she introduced Andersen to folklore. This encouraged his love of stories， plays， and the theater at a young age. These hobbies， which were combined with Andersen’s love of literature， eventually helped him become a famous writer.

Andersen was forced to start working after his father passed away in 1816. For a time， he worked as a tailor， and then in a tobacco factory. At 14， he moved to Copenhagen to become a singer. However， after his voice changed， a director at the Royal Theater arranged for Andersen to go back to school. Andersen began his writing career by writing plays and poems for a local journal.

Then， in 1835， Andersen broke into novel writing with The Improvisator. The plot of this novel is the basis of many of Andersen’s works. In general， Andersen’s stories are mostly about a main character who has to face many problems while he or she is pursuing happiness. Despite his success in novel writing， it was children’s tales that eventually brought Hans Christian Andersen fame.

漢斯·克里斯汀·安徒生是丹麦童话作家和诗人，以创作童话作品闻名于世。其代表作有《小锡兵》《冰雪女王》《小美人鱼》《拇指姑娘》《卖火柴的小女孩》以及《丑小鸭》。

1805年，安徒生出生于丹麦的欧登赛小镇，日子过得并不好。他的父亲体弱多病，而母亲则靠洗衣服维持生计。安徒生的母亲没受过高等教育，但她给安徒生讲述了许多民间传说。这使得他在小小年纪就喜爱故事、剧本和戏剧。这些爱好与安徒生对文学的热爱相互结合，最终帮助他成为著名作家。

安徒生的父亲于1816年过世，那时他便被迫开始工作。他曾一度以裁缝师为职，之后又在烟草厂干活。14岁时，他搬到哥本哈根，成为一名歌手。不过，在安徒生变声之后，皇家剧院的一位导演便安排他回到学校读书。安徒生为当地一家杂志社撰写剧本和诗作，从而开始了他的写作生涯。

1835年，安徒生以《即兴诗人》一书进入小说领域。这本小说的情节是安徒生许多作品的基础。安徒生的故事大致上都是描述主角在追逐幸福的途中面临了许多困难。尽管在小说写作上颇为成功，但最终使安徒生成名的还是童话故事。