China’s Triumph over Poverty中国脱贫攻坚取得全面胜利

费尔哈特·阿西夫 译/赵敏 Farhat Asif

China has announced a complete victory over the extreme poverty that the country was facing and fighting for the past many decades. In February 2021， Chinese President Xi Jinping in his address declared this much awaited victory to an important gathering at the Great Hall of the People in Beijing to mark the countrys triumph. The gathering was arranged to honor the hardworking and courageous people who had joined in the fight against poverty in the country.

During the ceremony President Xi presented certificates， medals， awards and commemorations to these outstanding heroes. There were government officials， party workers， villagers， civil society leaders， academicians and economists in the ceremony. This was a unique event meant to celebrate the countrys resilience and commitment to help people of the country enjoy the fruits of prosperity. President Xi Jinping himself has presided over seven symposiums to address the poverty alleviation drive over the past eight years since his inception as President of the Peoples Republic of China. During this period， he has also made more than 50 research tours across China in the 14 hard and impoverished areas in the country to support the great cause of poverty alleviation.

The miraculous journey of fight against poverty has not only been recognized at the national level but the world is mesmerized by the resilience and hard work by the Chinese leadership， officials， people of the country and how well they came out stronger and powerful against the odds. Under the guidance and leadership of President Xi， Chinas fight against poverty is yet to be seen anywhere in the world as nearly 99 million people living under rural circumstances and below the poverty line have been lifted out of those challenging living conditions. China has also met that goal in the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ahead of time which is another remarkable achievement no one has ever achieved so far. UN Secretary General Antonio Guterres has also acknowledged the fact that Chinas anti-poverty drive has helped reduce 70% global poverty over the years.

Chinas fight against poverty is a story of making impossible possible. Its a story of remarkable achievement that will go down in the history of mankind as an outstanding contribution to building a world full of equality， justice and prosperity. Chinese leadership while realizing the essence of poverty， developed its theoretical and practical understanding to implement an action plan with Chinese characteristics and resolve the economic deprivation of the people.

Party leadership， governments at different levels and every individual in the Chinese society and government played its constructive role in poverty alleviation efforts. Without consistent， honest and hard efforts this could not have been possible. The relief work was led by a visionary， unified， focused and honest leadership of Communist Party of China with 90 million members across the country. At all levels， from villages to the cities and then to the top level， party leadership reflected their utmost commitment to reach targets. Funds were allocated， duties were assigned to help people by providing them with assistance in job allocation， encouragement to use business models， investment plans， effective and optimum use of the new technologies were deployed to help eradicate poverty and rebuild lives in remote villages. Access to health care， education and basic needs were met through wide range of reforms and support system that was managed and channeled through the large network of leadership of CPC.

To stop corruption， CPC always remained on its toes to build the justice system and strengthen it at all levels. Poverty reduction and empowering people for economic prosperity has remained the top priority of Communist Party of China since the party took power in 1949. The objective has been achieved but this is not something that will make the Chinese people rest rather there is a strong resolve amongst the leadership and people to continue the efforts in the right direction.

This is a beginning of the new life and to keep this sustained for a longer period of time， there is no rest till the consolidation of all efforts towards one goal. The leadership has made resolve to initiate a drive of “rural vitalization” an important step towards modernization of economy. This plan was revealed in the two sessions for the year 2021–2025. Discussions have been made on the prevention from relapsing of poverty， focusing on agriculture， rural areas development， engaging farmer and prioritizing the focus on not to leave anyone behind in this common prosperity drive.

Another important document was the report by New China Research think tank under Xinhua News Agency entitled “Chinese Poverty Alleviation Studies： A Political Economic Perspective”. This report has in-depth discussions and views from foreign experts on Chinese poverty alleviation drive. The report suggests that the miraculous methods and techniques that China has used to fight poverty should be considered as a separate field of studies for the world to not only get inspired but also use them to help humanity to fight the menace. The report highlighting and summarizing the last eight years achievements and lessons focused on the rationale behind this study has been discussed at length the global implications of such efforts.

This important document is worth studying and understanding as it not only contributes to overall intellectual and theoretical understanding for academicians and researchers alike but also helps in taking important actions in the right direction. One important lesson apart from others is that the main principle was to focus on building pro-poor market， policies wherein government and society worked together to emancipate the poor and help them contribute to the society. China is not only a learner but a leader and innovator too in the fight against poverty. Code of Chinas poverty alleviation drive can be deciphered as mainly five Ds， which were the keys to this entire process： determined leadership， development oriented， decentralized delivery， data-based governance and detailed blueprint. These principles helped to achieve the miracle that we are witnessing today.

As a result of the pandemic globally， poverty increased to manifold across the world and China was no exception. However， this huge challenge could not stop the Chinese resolve to solve this issue. Due to commitment of the leadership and peoples resolve， China delivered the promise and set as an example for the developing countries， including Pakistan， on how to fight back the odds and come out stronger and positive.

With grace and kindness full of compassion， society and Chinese leadership embraced the challenge and helped their people to live with dignity and prosperity. The example that was set forth by this greatest nations men and women is remarkable. This is not only to study and engage to know more but this will go down in the history of the world as how a nation transformed itself to set an example that others will continue to follow and learn.

中国宣布消除绝对贫困的全面胜利，而过去几十年中国一直正视贫困问题并进行着脱贫攻坚战。2021年2月，习近平主席在北京人民大会堂举行的全国脱贫攻坚总结表彰大会上讲话，宣告了这个令人期待万分的胜利。这次大会是为了表彰在脱贫攻坚战中辛勤、勇敢奋斗的人。

在大会上，习近平主席向这些杰出的英雄颁授了证书、奖章、奖牌和纪念品。出席大会的有政府官员、党务工作者、村民、社会团体领袖、学者和经济学家。这是一次独特的活动，旨在庆祝国家百折不挠的决心和承诺，即帮助本国人民享受繁荣发展果实。习近平主席自担任中华人民共和国国家主席以来，8年内主持过7次扶贫工作座谈会。在此期间，他还在中国14个特困地区进行了50多次考察，以支持扶贫大业。

中国奇迹般的脱贫攻坚之旅不仅在全国得到认可，而且全世界都震惊于中国领导人、官员和人民的百折不挠与艰苦奋斗，震惊于他们如何在逆境中变得更加强大。在习主席的指导和领导下，近9900万生活在农村和贫困线以下的人已摆脱困难的生活条件，中国的脱贫成就是世界上其他任何地方都闻所未闻的。中国还提前实现了联合国2030年可持续发展议程中的减贫目标，这是另一项迄今为止还没有谁取得的显著成就。联合国秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯也承认，中国多年来的脱贫工作帮助全球减少了70%的贫困。

中国的脱贫是一个化不可能为可能的过程。中国对建设一个充满平等、正义和繁荣的世界做出了杰出贡献，这一卓越成就将载入人类历史。中国领导人在认识到贫困本质的同时，深化理论和实践认识，实施具有中国特色的行动计划，解决人民的经济贫困问题。

党的领导层、各级政府以及社会群众和公务人员，都在扶贫工作中发挥了建设性作用。如果没有持续、认真的艰苦努力，这是不可能实现的。在中国拥有9000万党员的中国共产党团结统一、高瞻远瞩、专心致志、一心为民，领导了扶贫工作。从农村到城市，再到中央，党的各级领导都履行了他们对实现目标的最高承诺。政府分配资金、指派任务，帮助就业、鼓励创业、进行投资、充分有效地利用新技术，以帮助偏远村落消除贫困并重建生活。中国共产党组织强大，其管理和调拨的保障系统以及广泛的改革使得医疗、教育和基本需求得到滿足。

为了遏制腐败，中国共产党始终保持警觉，建立并加强各级司法体系。自1949年执政以来，减轻贫困、让人民富起来一直是中国共产党的首要任务。脱贫目标已经实现，但这并不会让中国人民松劲歇脚，相反，抱有坚定信念的中共中央和人民会乘势而上、接续奋斗。

这是新生活的起点。为了让减贫成果长久延续，在为这一成果所做的努力得到巩固之前，中国不会松劲歇脚。中共中央坚决推进“乡村振兴”，把它作为迈向经济现代化的重要一步。2021年全国两会通过的“十四五”规划中公布了这一目标。会上就防止返贫进行了讨论，大会聚焦“三农”问题，重点关注实现共同富裕，不让任何人掉队。

新华社国家高端智库发布的《中国减贫学——政治经济学视野下的中国减贫理论与实践》报告是另一份重要文件。该报告就中国扶贫工作进行了深入讨论，并加入了外国专家的见解。该报告建议，中国用以战胜贫困的神奇方法和技巧，应被视为一个独立的研究领域，让全世界借鉴，并利用它们帮助人类战胜贫困。该报告强调并总结了过去八年的成就和经验，重点阐述了这项研究背后的基本原理，并详细讨论了这些做法对全球的意义。

这一重要文件值得研究和体会，因为它不仅有助于学者和研究人员全面理解知识和理论，而且有助于在正确的方向上采取重要行动。其中一个重要经验是，减贫的主要原则是注重建立“益贫市场”机制，即政府和社会共同努力解放贫困人口并帮助他们为社会做出贡献。在消除贫困的斗争中，中国不仅是一个学习者，也是一个领导者和创新者。中国减贫工作的“密码”主要可以破译为五点，它们是整个过程的关键：坚强领导、发展导向、分级实施、数字管理和细绘蓝图。这些原则都帮助实现了我们今天所目睹的奇迹。

由于全球新冠疫情暴发，贫困在全世界范围内激增，中国也不例外。然而，这一巨大挑战并不能阻止中国解决贫困问题的决心。由于中共中央的投入和人民的决心，中国兑现了承诺，并为包括巴基斯坦在内的发展中国家树立了榜样，展示了如何克服困難，变得更加强大和自信。

中国社会和领导人满腔热情，优雅而友善地迎接挑战，帮助人民过上有尊严的富足生活。这个最伟大国家的人民树立了非凡的榜样。中国自身实现了转型，为其他国家提供了学习和效仿的典范，这不仅值得进一步了解研究，也将彪炳史册。

（译者为“《英语世界》杯”翻译大赛获奖者）