高考英语新题型试题选登

浙江 山东

【完形填空】

After being closed for so long due to the Corona virus,I heard yesterday that the local thrift store（旧货店）will be opening again.I have always enjoyed 1 there not for the bargain prices of used clothes and books but for the unique 2 I have had there.

One such experience has a(n) 3 place in my heart.I was at the store 4 for something to read on shelves while my son was doing the same with the CDs and DVDs.Suddenly,I noticed a tiny little 5 .A small girl about four years old was 6 on the floor reading a book aloud.I watched her reading all the 7 she knew and sounding out the ones she wasn’t sure of.I 8 down at her.“You read really well,”I said.She looked up at me with a big,toothy grin（露齿的笑）and then 9 her head back to read some more.

When her mother told her it was time to go,she got up,put her book back 10 and smiled up at me again.Then she took a step forward,11 her arms around my waist,and gave me a(n) 12 hug.Holding back my tears,I patted her 13 on her back and she 14 away to her mom.It was just a moment,15 ,it will live in my heart forever.

1.A.shopping B.wandering

C.playing D.performing

2.A.events B.friends

C.feelings D.experiences

3.A.extra B.broad

C.central D.special

4.A.longing B.searching

C.preparing D.waiting

5.A.quarrel B.debate

C.voice D.whisper

6.A.standing B.pacing

C.sitting D.lying

7.A.stories B.words

C.books D.sentences

8. A.smiled B.glared

C.pointed D.shouted

9. A.nodded B.shook

C.put D.bent

10.A.heavily B.firmly

C.neatly D.carelessly

11. A.waved B.opened

C.crossed D.wrapped

12.A.comforting B.heartfelt

C.emotional D.casual

13.A.exactly B.roughly

C.gently D.patiently

14.A.skipped B.moved

C.escaped D.walked

15.A.therefore B.otherwise

C.however D.moreover

【命题意图】本语篇选自国外英文网站，语言原汁原味。文章主要讲述了作者在旧货店里淘书的时候，同样在看书的一位陌生的小女孩暖心地拥抱了作者的故事。主题语境为人与社会，主题语境内容是良好的人际关系与社会交往。语篇体裁是记叙文，是高考完形填空的常考体裁之一。本题与2020 年新高考Ⅰ卷（供山东省使用）完形填空在体裁、语篇类型上非常契合，命题的角度和考查的知识点很接近。语篇预设难度为中等，其中考查动词7 处，考查名词3 处，考查形容词2 处，副词3 处。命题侧重考查学生对整体事件发展的过程的推理把握能力，以及对上下文的理解能力。

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，文章讲述了因新冠疫情而关闭已久的旧货店重新开张，作者在店里淘书的时候，同样在看书的一位陌生的小女孩，离开前暖心地拥抱了作者，让作者感受到了久违的人与人之间的温暖。

1.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据上文“...,I heard yesterday that the local thrift store（旧货店）will be opening again.”可知，作者很喜欢去那里淘些东西（shopping）。故选A。

2.D 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文“One such experience has a(n)3 place in my heart.”可知，作者喜欢去那家旧货店不是因为东西价格便宜，而是为了独特的经历（experiences）。故选D。

3.D 考查形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文作者详细地描述了这次经历，并结合文章最后一句“It was just a moment,15 ,it will live in my heart forever.”可知，这次经历对于作者而言是特殊的（special）。故选D。

4.B 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的“for something to read on shelves while my son was doing the same with the CDs and DVDs”可知，作者在书架上寻找（searching）一些可以阅读的书，而儿子在找想听的CDs 和DVDs。故选B。

5.C 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据下文的“ A small girl about four years old was 6 on the floor reading a book aloud.”可知，作者注意到了一个4 岁左右的女孩的读书声（voice)。故选C。

6.C 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的“...on the floor reading a book aloud.”以及下文的“When her mother told her it was time to go,she got up,put her book back 10 and smiled up at me again.”可知，小女孩是坐在（sitting）地上读书的。故选C。

7.B 考查名词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的“she knew and sounding out the ones she wasn’t sure of.”可知，小女孩读出了她认识的词（words），并试探性地念着她不确定的词。故选B。

8.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后文“‘You read really well,’I said.She looked up at me with a big,toothy grin ...”可知，作者对着坐在地上的女孩微笑（smiled）。故选A。

9.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据空格后的“her head back to read some more”可知，小女孩回应了作者之后，继续低头（bent）看书。故选D。

10.C 考查副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据“When her mother told her it was time to go,she got up,put her book back 10 and smiled up at me again.”并结合上下文可知，女孩是个很有礼节的孩子，所以她把书整齐地（neatly）放回去。故选C。

11.D 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据“Then she took a step forward,11 her arms around my waist,and gave me a(n) 12 hug.”语境及句意可知，女孩是用手抱住（wrapped）作者的腰。故选D。

12.B 考查形容词辨析。

【解题思路】根据后文“Holding back my tears,I patted her 13 on her back...”可知，作者深受感动，因此女孩的拥抱是很真诚的，发自内心的（heartfelt）。故选B。

13.C 考查副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据上下文小女孩和作者的温暖互动可知，此处应为作者轻轻地（gently）拍了拍女孩的背。故选C。

14.A 考查动词辨析。

【解题思路】根据“she 14 away to her mom”可知，小女孩应该是很愉快地蹦蹦跳跳（skipped）地到她母亲身边，这符合4 岁左右的小女孩的性情特点。故选A。

15.C 考查副词辨析。

【解题思路】根据“It was just a moment,15 ,it will live in my heart forever.”可知，本句有转折的关系，尤其是根据前半部分的“just”可知设空处应是表示转折的词（However）。故选C。

【长难句分析】I watched her reading all the words she knew and sounding out the ones she wasn’t sure of.（第二段第五句）

分析：句子主干部分是I watched her reading all the words and sounding out the ones,words 和ones 后面分别为省略了关系代词的定语从句she knew 和she wasn’t sure of，对其进行修饰限定。

译文：我看着她念着自己会的词，而对于自己不确信的词只是试探性地发音。

【词汇积累】

grin n.露齿的笑，咧着嘴笑

Corona virus 新冠病毒

sound out 试探

wrap one’s arms around sb.抱住某人

hold back 克制住（泪水或笑声等）

【作者单位 姓名】浙江省宁波市五乡中学 陈文炜

【读后续写1】

Frank stared down at the frozen ground.He kicked chunks of snow,blackened with car exhaust,to the side.He smiled,pretending to listen to the chatter of his friends,Norm and Ed.As they all got aboard,the bus gave off a gray cloud from the back and headed west on Blue Mound Road.

Frank threw himself into his seat.“It was another cold,gray day”,he thought to himself.

The road seemed a little bumpy and Frank instinctively (本能地) pressed his Nikes against the floor.It must have been my size,he thought.Since I’m new at Marquette High and only a freshman,the coach must have taken one look at me and decided I was too small to make the basketball team.He knew that his basketball skills were as good as the other boys’.His mom used to call him“the athlete of the season”.Now,it seemed,he was a nothing,like an“invisible”person.

A loud horn and a noise of brakes somewhere behind the bus shocked Frank.The bus came to a stop at the County Institutions grounds.A very pregnant（怀孕的）woman hung onto the silver handrail and slowly pulled herself onto the bus.

As she fell backward into the seat behind the bus driver,her feet kicked up,and Frank noticed that she was in stocking feet.The bus driver yelled over his shoulder,“Where are your shoes,lady? It’s rather cold out there.”

“I can’t afford shoes,”the woman answered.Some of the boys at the back exchanged glances and smirked（坏笑）.“I got on the bus just to get my feet warm,”the woman continued.“If you don’t mind,I’ll just ride around with you for a bit.”The driver scratched his bald head and shouted.“Now just tell me how come you can’t afford shoes? ”

“I got eight kids.They all got shoes.There’s not enough left for me.But it’s okay,the Lord will take care of me.”

Frank looked down at his new Nike basketball shoes._________________________________________________________________________________________________________

When the bus stopped at the end of the line,Frank waited until everyone else had emptied off. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【命题意图】本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与自我（助人为乐的优秀品行）。文章主要讲述了Frank 新到一所高中上学，虽然自己的篮球技术不错，但未能如愿进入篮球队，心里非常失落，感觉自己像一个被遗忘的隐形人。放学后，在公交车上，Frank 发现一位孕妇没有穿鞋，从孕妇与公交车司机的对话中，Frank 得知这位孕妇因为家里有八个孩子，给孩子们买了鞋后，她就没有钱给自己买鞋了，Frank 十分同情她，决定帮助她。语篇话题贴近学生生活，语言地道朴实，学生生活中也会遇到类似的事情，既有利于学生就情节展开构思和联想，又能激起学生的共鸣，洗涤学生的心灵和思想，从而提升学生的英语学科核心素养，实现英语学科在立德树人方面的育人价值。

【写作指导】

文章主线：

叙事要素：时间：冬日放学后；地点：公交车上；人物：Frank,Norm,Ed,the bus driver,a very pregnant woman

已知线索：冬日放学后，Frank 和两个朋友在等公交车——在公交车上，Frank 为自己未能进入篮球队而伤感不已——途中上来一位未穿鞋的孕妇——Frank 得知孕妇因孩子多，没钱给自己买鞋……

可续写线索：

Para.1：Frank 看着自己脚上温暖舒适的新耐克鞋。Frank 想要帮助那位孕妇吗？会通过什么方式帮助她？结合第二段所给的首句“公交车到达终点，Frank 等所有人下了车”可推测出，Frank 想帮助她，结合第一段所给的首句“Frank 看着自己的新鞋”，不难想到Frank 可能会把自己的鞋子脱下来送给那位孕妇，但是他不希望被别人发现。因此，续写第一段的主要情节方向可以是Frank 构思如何帮助那位孕妇的心理过程，也就是为下一段的送鞋行动进行心理建设的过程。

Para.2：有了第一段的心理建设，且第二段开头表明Frank 在等其他乘客都下车，不想被别人发现这件事，接下来就要写Frank 的送鞋行动了。根据语境及常识，可以推断Frank 的送鞋过程会是“速战速决”的。他会做出什么动作，会说些什么？拿到鞋后，那位孕妇会有什么反应?Frank 的心情有没有变化？因此，在本段，动作、语言以及心理描写应该是学生重点发挥的地方。

One possible version

Frank looked down at his new Nike basketball shoes.His feet were warm and comfortable,always had been.And then he looked back at the woman.Her socks were ripped.Her coat,missing buttons,hung open around her stomach covered only by a dirty dress.He just felt a warm thawing in his gut.The word“invisible”popped into his mind again.An“invisible”person forgotten by others just like me.Looking around,nobody noticing him,he quietly took off his shoes.He would have to walk three blocks in the snow.But that would never bother him much.

When the bus stopped at the end of the line,Frank waited until everyone else had emptied off.Then he reached under his seat and picked up his basketball shoes.He walked quickly up to the woman and handed them to her,looking down and saying“Here,lady,you need these more than I do.”Frank hurried to the door and stepped down.He managed to land in a puddle.It didn’t matter.He wasn’t at all cold.He heard the woman exclaim,“Look,they fit me just perfect! Thank you,young man,”she cried.He smiled and hurried off after Norm and Ed.It seemed to him that the grayness had lifted.

【范文赏析】

范文与所给短文在内容、逻辑和语言上非常契合，与所给的段落提示句衔接紧密且自然。内容上，范文第一段对Frank 的心理活动描写得非常到位和细致，很有画面感，尤其是运用了对比的写作手法，自己的鞋子温暖舒适，那位孕妇却是衣衫褴褛，只穿着袜子，没有穿鞋。用“invisible”一词呼应了上文自己未进篮球队的那种被遗忘的感觉。用“looking around,nobody noticing,quietly”等词写出了Frank 想送鞋，但不想被别人知道的微妙心态，很好地呈现了主人公当时的心理活动。第二段很好地描述了Frank 送鞋的动作以及送鞋后的心情变化，同时生动地描写了那位孕妇拿到鞋后的反应，最后一句中的“grayness had lifted”照应了文章开头的“‘It was another cold,gray day’,he thought to himself ”，属于点睛之笔，Frank 帮助了那位孕妇，灰暗的心情一下子变好，那位孕妇的灰暗也因Frank 的善举而消失。

语言上，范文与所给短文的语言风格一脉相承，并运用了较多的非谓语结构，让动作和心理描写更加形象生动，画面感强。如：“Her coat,missing buttons,hung open around...covered only by a dirty dress.”“...a warm thawing in his gut.”“Looking around,nobody noticing him,he...”范文在动词的运用上特别地道、传神，如：popped into,reached,picked up,hurried to,stepped down,land in a puddle,exclaim,cried 等，很好地刻画了人物的动作和心理。

【作者单位 姓名】浙江省宁波市五乡中学 陈文炜

【读后续写2】

Michael Jones had an unforgettable experience after his car was stolen.He lives in a small village where public transport is pretty bad so that seldom could he go anywhere without his car. It all started one cold,grey day in the middle of winter.In the morning,Jones woke up to find his car missing.Where was it? Who had taken it? He had no idea.The first thing,of course,was to go and report it to the police.He had no alternative but to head off on foot to go to the local police station,which was 2 miles away.About one hour later,Jones arrived at the tiny police station,hot and sweating,despite the cold weather,and with very sore feet.

Jones said eagerly,“Good morning,I’d like to report a stolen...”“Name?”the police officer interrupted,without a word of greeting.“Jones,Michael Jones,”he answered.“Date of birth?”the officer asked,as he began to type the answers on an old typewriter.“5th April 1962.”“Now,when did the accident occur?”“Accident?”Jones said.“There being no accident,I’ve come to report a stolen car.”“A stolen car you say?”said the young police officer.“Yes,that’s it.”“Well,”said the policeman rubbing his chin（下巴）,“I’m sorry but the computer broke down,so you’ll have to go into Newbury to report it there.”he said.“Well,there’s a bus that leaves in half an hour.”

Jones managed to catch the bus leaving for Newbury.Passengers poured into the bus continuously and made their way.The bus inched towards the city.On the bus,Jones sat back in the seat,his mind beginning to wander“the stolen car has not been reported.2 hours has passed since it was found lost! It must be an exhausting day.”However,just as Jones was drifting off（迷迷糊糊地睡去）,he peered out of the window.And there is it was.His car.His lovely car.And it was travelling in the opposite direction.He jumped up.“Stop!”he shouted.“That was my stolen car outside!”

The bus came to a stop suddenly ._________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

About forty minutes later,Jones was greeted enthusiastically in the Newbury police station.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

【命题意图】

近几年高考英语真题的语篇素材多选自外刊，主要包含人与自然、人与社会和人与自我主题语境。本文选自杂志Learn Hot English NO.2,文章标题是Stolen Car，笔者在原文的基础上加工改写。本文是一篇记叙文，主题语境是人与自我。文章主要讲述了Michael Jones 发现自己的车丢了后，报警找车的经历。根据《考试说明》，读后续写材料以记叙文或夹叙夹议文为主，读后续写是一个读写结合的过程，学生在阅读一篇350 词左右的材料及两段首句的基础上写一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节合理、完整的短文，主要考查学生的阅读能力、逻辑思维能力、想象力和语言表达能力。此外，学生还要注意续写文章与原文文风的一致性。

【写作指导】

文章主线：

已知线索：Jones 生活在一个交通不便的小村庄——一天早晨他发现自己的汽车丢了——去当地警局报警，被告知要去市里警局——坐公交车去市里的路上，他偶然看见了自己的车……

可续写线索：

Para.1：续写第一段首句为“公交车突然停下”。Jones 及时下车了吗？根据原文第一段提到的交通不便和原文第三段提到的公交车上的人很多可知，Jones 并没有立即下车，但是他最终会下车。Jones 下车后找回了自己的车了吗？根据续写第二段首句内容“Jones 到达警察局”可知，他没有找回车。所以，第一段应主要写Jones 如何克服困难成功下车，但是依然没能找回自己的车。

Para.2：第二段首句“Jones 到达市警察局后，警察很热情地接待了他”，表明警察尽职尽责，结合文章第一段提到的“难忘的经历”可知，Jones 最终会找回自己的车。警察很热情，Jones 详细地说明了自己的情况，最终找回了车。

One possible version

The bus came to a stop suddenly.So thrilled was Jones that he pushed his way and couldn’t wait to get off the bus.Yet the bus was filled with passengers,which took him a long time.Scarcely had he got off the bus than he found his car gathered speed and faded away around a bend in the road.He returned to the bus,with a mixture of frustration and rage.The police in the city were his last ray of hope.

About forty minutes later,Jones was greeted enthusiastically in the Newbury police station.He reported to the policeman in detail.“We will do everything in our power to help you.”The police comforted Jones.He breathed a sign of relief.A few days after Jones’ taking bus home,Jones received a phone from the Newbury police station.Eventually,his car was found indeed! Though sometimes the road is paved with setbacks,all your efforts will pay off as long as you hold the firm belief that you can overcome it!

【范文赏析】

情节方面，范文保证了文章的完整性、衔接性、合理性和融洽度。1.完整性：作者历经重重困难，最终找到了车，最后升华主题；2.衔接性：范文中续写的两段内容与所给段首句衔接紧密；3.合理性：范文关注情节线和情感线，注重主人公情感的变化；4.融洽度：范文注重和原文的融洽，如原文第一段提到的“交通不便”及“难忘的经历”，在续写中，都有考虑到。

语言方面，“So thrilled was Jones that he pushed his way and couldn’t wait to get off the bus.”和“Scarcely had he got off the bus than he found his car gathered speed and faded away around a bend in the road.”倒装句的使用很巧妙。对话简单灵活，给人以画面感。“breathed a sign of relief ”“all your efforts will pay off ”等表达在历年高考英语真题中出现过，可以引导学生举一反三。

【作者单位 姓名】山东省济南西城实验中学 何晴晴