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基于Web of Science对生物质灰在土壤改良与修复领域的计量分析

2021-11-03李帅胡少军范玉超

安徽农学通报 2021年19期
关键词:土壤修复计量分析土壤改良

李帅 胡少军 范玉超

摘 要:为了解生物质灰在土壤改良与修复领域的研究热点和发展趋势,通过Web of ScienceTM核心数据库,利用Histcite和VOSviewer软件,从被引频次Top10的作者、期刊及研究热点等方面对2000—2021年间发表的该领域文献进行了计量分析。结果表明:高被引的作者主要集中于西欧发达国家,主要期刊有Plant and Soil、Forest Ecology and Management及Biomass & Bioenergy;主要研究热点是生物质灰水溶液中重金属铜、镉、铅、锌的吸附机理,生物质灰自身养分、活性组分(活性硅等)在农业生产及重金属土壤钝化修复方面的应用。

关键词:生物质灰;土壤改良;土壤修复;计量分析

中图分类号 X53  文献标识码 A文章编号 1007-7731(2021)19-0111-05

Bibliometric Analysis of Studies on Remediation and Improvement of Soils by Biomass Ash Based on Web of Science

LI Shuai1, 2, 3 et al.

(1School of Earth and Environment, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan 232001, China; 2Engineering Laboratory of Anhui Province for Comprehensive Utilization of Water and Soil Resources and Construction of Ecological Protection in Mining Area with High Groundwater Level, Huainan 232001, China; 3Institute of Environment-friendly Materials and Occupational Health, Anhui University of Science and Technology , Wuhu, 241003, China)

Abstract: In order to get a deep understanding of highlights and trend of the researches on in the field of remediation and improvement of Soils by biomass ash, a study was carried out on bibliometric analysis of the researches in these aspects. In this study, based on the Web of ScienceTM core collection database bibliometric analysis was performed of the articles, published during the period of 2000—2021, from the citations of related topics, high-citated authors, source journals and hot spots, etc. using the analysis tools by HistCite and VOSviewer software. Results show that in this research field, the authors with high citation frequency are mainly concentrated in the developed countries of Western Europe; the Plant and Soil, the Forest Ecology and Management and the Biomass & Bioenergy, etc. are the most important publishers of the papers in the field; The main research focus is the adsorption mechanism of biomass ash on heavy metals such as copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) in aqueous solution. In addition, nutrient and active components (active silicon, etc.) of biomass ash in agricultural production and heavy metal in-situ remediation of soil is also a hot research direction.

Key words: Biomass ash; Soil improvement; Soil remediation; Econometric analysis

當前,我国每年的农业废弃物产生量十分巨大。据统计,我国种植业秸秆可收集量约8.3亿t[1],且以每年5%~10%的速率增长[2]。近年来,国家出台了一系列规划与指导意见,推动秸秆焚烧发电资源化利用秸秆废弃物[3]。截至2020年底,全国已投运的农林生物质项目374个,年消耗农林废弃物约4300万t,年发电量约510亿kWh[4],实现农业废弃物的资源化利用,取得了显著的社会、经济、环境效益。随着生物质燃料发电产业的发展,火电厂产生了大量的生物质灰渣废弃物。许多生物质灰渣主要采用集中填埋方式处理,占用土地资源,灰渣的飞扬散播还会造成大气污染,并引起地下水污染。我国农林生物质电厂所使用的生物质燃料主要有秸秆、废旧木材、稻壳、竹子、树皮及其混合物等[5]。不同燃料燃烧后的灰渣所含矿质营养元素种类和含量也不尽相同,如水稻秸秆灰渣中硅含量较高,玉米秸秆灰渣中磷含量较高。一般来说,生物质灰分占生物质干质量的0.5%~20%[6],燃烧后的生物质灰渣中含有Si、Ca、Na、K、Mg、P等无机矿物质元素,也含有Cu、Fe、Zn、Mn、Ni、Cr、Al、Ti等微量和痕量元素以及有机物[7-9]。由于燃料的来源和种类、燃烧条件以及灰渣的采集位置的不同,生物质灰的物理性质及各元素的含量也会有所差别[8-11]。

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