“BOPPPS“模型在钢铁冶金原理课程在线教学中的应用
2021-09-12王帅郭宇峰杨永斌彭志伟郑富强陈凤杨凌志
王帅 郭宇峰 杨永斌 彭志伟 郑富强 陈凤 杨凌志
摘 要:钢铁冶金原理课程作为冶金工程本科专业基础理论课,其主要内容以阐述钢铁冶金工艺过程的物理化学原理为主,具有知识抽象、学生难理解、内容枯燥等问题,特别是2020上半年由于新冠肺炎疫情的影响,本课程教学采用在线教学方式进行,学生易产生乏味、注意力不集中、跟不上课程进度等问题。针对上述问题,在钢铁冶金原理课程的在线教学中采用了“BOPPPS”引导式教学模式,对教学过程进行分步讲解,使学生回到学习的中心地位,主动参与学习,调动学生学习的主动性和积极性,提高学生对钢铁冶金专业核心课程的理解能力,通过后续测验及总结,获取学生学习效果反馈,完善在线教学过程,提高了在线教学效果。
关键词:BOPPPS;引导式教学;钢铁冶金原理;在线教学
中图分类号:G642 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2096-000X(2021)22-0132-04
Abstract: The Principles on Ferrous Metallurgy course as a basic theory major course of metallurgical engineering undergraduate, mainly described the theoretical basis of physical-chemistry principle during the ironmaking and steelmaking process. The abstract and boring knowledge is difficult to make the students understand, especially in the spring term of 2020 as a result of the influence of COVID-19 outbreaks. This course teaching had been conducted by the way of online teaching, in which students were prone to boring, inattention, and they were hard to keep up with teaching progress. In order to solve these problems, the "BOPPPS" guided teaching mode was adopted in the online teaching of The Principles on Ferrous Metallurgy course, to decompose the step by step, and to make the students to return to the central position of course therefore to active participation in learning, to mobilize students' learning initiative and enthusiasm, and to improve the student's ability to understand the iron and steel metallurgy professional core courses. At last, we improved the online teaching process and the effect of online teachingthrough the follow-up test and summary and getting the feedbacks of students learning.
Keywords: BOPPPS; guided teaching; principles on ferrous metallurgy; online teaching
钢铁冶金原理课程是冶金工程专业(钢铁冶金)本科生的学科基础课,本课程主要讲述钢铁冶金过程的反应热力学及动力学、金属熔体、冶金炉渣、化合物的分解-生成反应等基础原理及其在钢铁冶金实际生产过程中的应用,要求学生理解并掌握冶金反应热力学、动力学的基础理论及冶金熔体和炉渣的结构、热力学特性及物理化学性质,学会运用上述基础理论对钢铁冶金过程发生的诸如化合物形成-分解及碳、氢燃烧,还原熔炼,氧化熔炼,钢液的二次精炼等反应的现象及过程规律进行分析,进而学习对钢铁冶金反应过程进行调控的方法,使学生形成应用钢铁冶金的基本原理和基本方法分析及解决实际问题的科学素养,并具备进行创新性科学研究及工程实践的能力。
由于本课程基础理论性强,内容抽象,学生无法认识到其在今后进一步学习专业课程及工作中的作用,学生听课积极性及互动性不足,教学效果不好,影响了后续专业课的学习和理解,同时也制约了学生进一步深造及在工作中发挥创新能力。为改进教学效果,本课程团队也进行了一些探索并取得了一定的成效[1]。2020年春季学期教学正值新冠肺炎疫情爆发时期,传统的课堂教学只能改为线上教学进行。本课程线上教学采用某视频直播平台进行,无法实时观察学生的课堂反应,这进一步增加了教学难度。为保证教学效果,同时也探索改进教学方法改变学生被动接受知识、掌握及运用知识效果差的现状,提高学生主动学习基础理论及其应用方法的积极性和主动性,本课程在线上教学中进行了“BOPPPS”引导式教学的探索和实践,以学生熟知的事例或者当前热点为切入点,设定课堂目标,熟悉前期基础,结合多种视频、动画等多种方式,学生组成讨论小组积极参与课堂讨论,提高学生注意力及积极性,課后还设置讨论及作业,帮助学生及时巩固课堂知识,取得了较好的学习效果。