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Unit 7重点词语解读

2021-08-14王秀凤

考试与评价·八年级版 2021年4期
关键词:状况不佳及物动词主句

王秀凤

1. population n. 人口;群体

作主语,表达一个整体概念时,谓语动词用单数;当其前有分数或百分数修饰时,谓语动词可用单数或复数。

The population is increasing faster and faster. 人口增长得越来越快。

【拓展】 (1) 询问人口数量的句型是:Whats the population of...?

Whats the population of China? 中国的人口有多少?

=How large is the population of China?

(2) 形容人口多少用big, large或small。

The population of China is very large. 中国人口众多。

China has the biggest population in the world. Its a lot bigger than the population of the US. 中国是世界上人口最多的国家。它比美国人口要多得多。

(3) 表示“某地有多少人口”时,常用“...has a population of...”句型。

China has a population of more than one billion. 中国有十多亿人口。

2. protect v. 保护;防护

We should protect rare animals. 我们应该保护珍稀动物。

【拓展】 protect... from / against... 保护……免受/遭……

Parents protect their children from danger. 父母保护他们的儿女不受伤害。

3. succeed v. 成功

succeed是不及物动词,不能用于被动语态。

Im determined to succeed. 我决心要获得成功。

【拓展】 success n. 成功;successful adj. 成功的;successfully adv. 成功地;succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事;succeed in sth. 在某方面获得成功

His new book was a great success. 他新出版的书获得了巨大成功。

The performance was successful. 演出很成功。

I finished my training successfully. 我成功地完成了训练。

She succeeded in passing the exam. 她考试及格了。

Hard work is the name of the game if you want to succeed in business. 要想生意旺,勤奋工作是关键。

4. prepare v. 准备

I had no time to prepare. 我当时没时间准备。

【拓展】 prepare sth. for sb. / sth. 给……准备……;prepare to do sth. 准备做……;be prepared for sth. 为……做好了准备(强调状态)

She prepared a nice breakfast for us. 她给我们准备了可口的早餐。

I prepare to take some food with me when climbing the mountains. 我准备爬山时带些食物。

They were prepared for the worst. 他们已准备好了应付最坏的情况。

5. challenge v. & n. 挑战;考驗

The job doesnt really challenge her. 这项工作不能真正考验出她的能力。

【拓展】 (1) challenge sb. to sth. 向某人挑战;challenge sb. to do sth. 向某人挑战

He challenged me to play chess. 他向我挑战下象棋。

John found it a challenge to satisfy the boss. 约翰觉得让老板满意是一个挑战。

(2) challenge作可数名词,意为“挑战、比赛等的邀请”。face a challenge面临挑战;meet the challenge of... 迎接……的挑战;accept / take up a challenge 接受挑战。

Schools must meet the challenge of new technology. 学校必须迎接新技术的挑战。

We accepted their challenge to a baseball game. 我们接受了他们棒球邀请的挑战。

6. include v. 包含,包括

为及物动词,其后可接名词或动名词,指在一个整体中包括了其中一部分内容或项目等,强调包含部分。

The price includes both the house and the furniture. 价钱包括房子和家具(的价格)。

Your duties include putting the children to bed. 你的责任包括安顿孩子们去睡觉。

【拓展】 including作介词,意为“包括……在内”,后面跟名词或代词,在句子中作状语,是对主句的补充说明,一般用逗号与主句隔开。

He took an active part in all kinds of activities, including tennis, swimming, running and so on. 他积极参加各种活动,包括网球、游泳、跑步等等。

7. condition n. 条件;状况

既可作可数名词,也可作不可数名词。

Everything is in good condition. 一切状况良好。

He is overweight and out of condition. 他体重超重且健康状况不佳。

【拓展】 in good / bad / excellent condition 状况好/糟糕/极佳;out of condition 健康状况不佳;living / working conditions 生活/工作条件;under the condition that 在……的前提下

8. achieve v. 达到;完成;成功

及物动词,其宾语可以是“实现”的目标、目的等,也可以是“取得”的胜利、成功、名誉、地位等。

She achieved no success. 她没有获得成功。

【拓展】 achievable adj. 可达到的;achievement n. 成就;成绩

As we reached the top of the mountain, we felt a sense of achievements. 当我们到达山顶时,我们感到有一种成就感。

【辨析】 achieve, come true的区别

achieve指实现梦想或目标,主语是人;come true主语多是梦想、蓝图、计划等。

He hopes to achieve all his aims soon. 他希望尽快达到所有目标。

At last, his dream came true. 最后,他实现了他的梦想。

9. up to 到达(某数量、程度等);至多有;不多于

There are up to forty students in the classroom. 教室有40多个学生。

【拓展】 live up to活到……岁;up to sb. 某人的责任;由……决定

Nowadays people can live up to ninety years. 现在人们能活到九十岁。

I think I will leave it up to you. 我想讓你决定。

10. feel free 随便,轻松

You will feel free and fresh from time to time. 你不时地会感到自由,精神饱满。

【拓展】 feel free to do sth. 无拘束做某事

If you have any questions, please feel free to ask me. 如果有任何问题,请随意向我提问。

11. even though 即使;尽管

用作从属连词,相当于even if,引导让步状语从句,不与并列连词but连用。

Even if you dont succeed, they will stand by you. 即使你们不成功,他们也会支持你们。

Even though I have opposed him, he is an honest man. 尽管我反对过他,但他是一个诚实的人。

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