大疆总部，深圳，中国

建筑设计：福斯特及合伙人建筑事务所

图1 外景渲染/Exterior rendering

部件的组合：大疆总部预制施工的益处

世界领先的机器人公司大疆的新总部位于深圳西南的南山区。这座新建筑的目标是成为公司“创新的核心”，挑战办公空间的传统理念，并构成一个空中的创意社区。

总部功能包括办公楼、研发中心、测试区和城市公共设施。建筑体量悬浮在地面之上，裙房屋顶设有一系列花园，将周围的绿景引入基地内。从极简主义的禅苑出发，它们被设计为静思的区域，让创意人才在此能够恢复精力、重振一新。

上方双塔的办公和研究空间被放在从中心核由巨型桁架和圆截面的钢吊管挑出的悬空体块中。这种创新性的悬挂结构减少了所需的柱子，从而形成了令人印象深刻的连续办公和研究空间。它也能容纳大疆独有的4 层高的无人机试飞室，并赋予了塔楼在城市天际线衬托下的鲜明形象。所有钢结构都暴露在外，增加了塔楼的独特表达。

位于悬空体块顶部的空中花园为大疆员工提供了可以享受的私密花园。这两座塔楼由一座特别的“天桥”连接，而它与空中花园一同成为展示最新无人机技术的另一个平台。

大疆的预制元素

建筑中有许多预制元素，包括幕墙系统、裙房立面上的花岗石板，以及横跨双塔的“天桥”。

预制的一体化幕墙系统由多个相同的单元组成。每个单元都在工厂中预制并预装玻璃，然后在现场组装。预制之所以更受欢迎是因为这些单元能在工厂里进行双面密封，以获得高标准的水密性和气密性，并将保温材料与玻璃安装整合起来。

预制还能实现高精度。裙房立面的花岗石板都分配了唯一的二维码，以跟踪每块石板的位置，并保证安装正确。BIM 云服务用于为立面系统的安装提供信息，并提供实时反馈。

横跨在双塔之间的90m“天桥”分3 个部位预制，然后在距地面110m 处现场吊装。通过预制，设计团队成功地用光滑的完成面表达出复杂的几何形体。预制在质量控制中实现了高精度，并将误差缩小到几毫米。

预制为该项目带来了许多益处。从施工管理看，它减少了现场工人的数量，实现了更好的工地管理。立面系统的装配如今可以同钢结构施工重叠，使工期缩短了约7 个月。

预制还有许多可持续性方面的益处。根据最近的研究，建造业消耗了全世界40%的能源。预制立面系统单元由建筑维护单元（BMU）吊起，再由建筑里的工人安装。这就不再需要脚手架，并减少了用钢量和能耗。整体外墙系统（EWS）和超过70%的内墙系统（IWS）都是无砌体、无灰泥的——二者都是建筑垃圾的主要成分，对环境有负面影响。此外，现场没有使用密封剂，将化学污染物排放降到了最低程度。

图2 外景渲染/Exterior rendering

上文列举的所有益处都是在没有显著增加建筑材料数量或总成本的情况下实现的。这就让预制成为大疆总部项目的首选。

福斯特及合伙人建筑事务所的合伙人邱维炀表示：“我们坚持不懈地探索在设计和施工阶段实现更好品质和更高效率的创新之路。我们同大疆及多个顾问团队紧密合作，努力在我们设计的每个元素上都实现这个目标——从建筑、室内设计到照明和景观。这种密切合作也保证了高品质的成果以及创纪录的施工速度。”□（尚晋 译）

图3 透视/3 D Perspective

A Kit of Parts: The Benefits of Prefabrication During the Construction of DJI Headquarters

The new headquarters for DJI, the world's leading robotics company is located in Nanshan District, to the southwest of Shenzhen. The new building is set to be the "heart of innovation" for the company, defying the traditional idea of office spaces to form a creative community in the sky.

The building functions including office, R&D labs, testing zones and city amenities. The building mass hovers above the ground level to allow a series of gardens on the podium roof that draw the surrounding greenery into the site. Based on minimalist zen gardens, these are designed as contemplative zones where the creative talent can refresh and reboot.

The office and research spaces in the two towers above are arranged in floating volumes cantilevered from central cores by large megatrusses and circular profiled steel hangers. The innovative suspension structure reduces the need for columns, thus creating impressive and uninterrupted office and research spaces. It also allows for quadruple-height drone flight testing labs that are unique to DJI,while giving the towers their distinctive identity,against the backdrop of the city's skyline. All the structural steelworks are exposed, adding to the tower's unique expression.

Located on the top of the floating volumes,the skygardens provide private gardens for the DJI staff to enjoy. The towers are linked by a feature"sky bridge", which, along with the skygardens will become another platform for showcasing the latest drone technology.

Prefabricated Elements at DJI

There are several prefabricated elements in the building, including the curtain wall system, the granite panels on the podium façade and the "Sky Bridge" that spans across the two towers.

The Prefabricated unitised curtain-wall system consists of multiple identical units. Each unit is prefabricated and pre-glazed in factory and assembled on site. Prefabrication was preferred as the units could be double-sealed in factory to achieve a high-standard of water and air tightness,integrating insulation with the glazing.

图4 内景渲染/Interior rendering

图5 平面/Plan

图6 内景渲染/Interior rendering

图7 剖面/Section

图8 立面/Elevation

Prefabricated for precision, the podium façade granite panels have been allocated a unique QR code label to track each panel and ensure it is installed correctly. A BIM cloud service is being used to inform the installation of façade system, providing real-time feedback.

The feature "Sky Bridge" which spans 90 metres between two towers has been prefabricated in three separate sections and hoisted and assembled on sit 110 metres above ground. Through prefabrication,the design team has managed to resolve its complex geometry with a smooth and sleek finish. It has allowed precision in quality control as the tolerance was brought down to a few millimetres.

Prefabrication has had several benefits for the project. In terms of construction management, it has reduced the number of construction workers on site allowing better ground management onsite.The installation of façade system can now overlap with the construction of the steel structure, which shortens the construction stage by approximately seven months.

It has several sustainability benefits as well.According to recent research, the construction industry accounts for 40% of worldwide energy usage. The prefabricated façade system units are hoisted by BMU and installed by workers inside the building, eliminating the need for scaffolding and reducing steel tonnage and energy usage.The entire external wall system (EWS) and more than 70% of internal wall system (IWS) are nonmasonry and plaster-free, both of which are big contributors to building waste and therefore have a negative environmental impact. In addition, onsite application of sealant is avoided, minimising the emission of chemical pollutants.

All the benefits listed above have been achieved without a significant increase in building material quantity or overall cost, making prefabrication the preferred choice for the DJI Headquarters project.

Young Wei-Yang Chiu, Partner, Foster +Partners, said "We are always looking for ways in which we can innovate and achieve better quality and efficiency in the design phase as well as during the construction phase. We have been working very intensely with DJI and the various consultant teams to achieve this for each of the components we designed, from architecture, interior design through to the lighting and the landscaping. This close collaboration has also made it possible to ensure the high quality of work whilst maintaining a record speed of construction. "□

图9 建造过程实景/Construction process

项目信息/Credits and Data

客户/Client: 大疆/DJI

主持建筑设计/Principal Architect: Foster + Partners

设计团队/Design Team: Grant Brooker, Young Wei Chiu,Takuji Hasegawa, Jolanda Oud, Yunfu Yi, Edin Gicevic,Andres Harris, Aquilino Fernandez Lopez, Pavan Birdi,Saman Ziaie, Ben Mowat, Julio Alberto Garcia Pizarro,Theodora Maria Moudatsou, Nina Haylock, Lindsay Duncan,Matt Morris, Alejandro Gavira Fernandez, Wolfgang Muller,Tulin Kori, Carlo Pedata, Maude Pinet

合作设计/Collaborator: CAPOL

顾问/Consultant: ARUP

装配式部件及材料/Prefabricated Parts & Materials: 外立面玻璃板，裙楼外立面花岗岩板，天桥/Façade glazing panels, podium façade granite panels, Sky Bridge

装配率/Percentage of Prefabrication: 100%外墙系统+70%

内墙系统/100% of EWS + 70% of IWS

项目面积/Project Area: 160,000 m2

建筑面积/Floor Area: 2511 m2

设计周期/Design Period: 2016.05–2017.08

建造周期/Construction Start Time: 2017.01

预计建成时间/Anticipated Completion Time: 2021.12

绘图/Drawings: Foster + Partners

照片来源/Construction Photos Courtesy: 大疆置业/DJI Land

图10 钢结构细部/Steel structure detail

图11 -13 建造过程实景/Construction process