圣莫里兹库姆酒店

2021-05-11NigelYoung

世界建筑导报 2021年2期

关键词：库姆溜冰场顶棚

建设单位：圣莫里茨库姆酒店

项目地点：瑞士

设计单位：福斯特建筑设事务所

合作单位：库切尔建筑设计公司

场地面积：120 平方米

建筑面积：860 平方米

设计/建造：2015 / 2016 年

摄影：Nigel Young / 福斯特建筑事务所

Client: Kulm Hotel, St. Moritz

Location: Switzerland

Architect: Foster + Partners

Collaborating Architect: Kuchel Architects AG

Site Area: 120 m²

Building Area: 860 m²

Design / Completion: 2015 / 2016

Photography: Nigel Young / Foster + Partners

该项目的初始目的是修复原有1905 年的冰亭，该亭子是1928 和1948 年冬奥会的接待区。这个建筑已被遗弃多年，年久失修，破损严重。新的设计方案让该建筑回归了它原始的状态：以溜冰场为中心，在周边配备俱乐部餐厅，法式糕点店，和阳光露台供游客和当地居民享用。为了扩张旧冰亭举办活动的容量，建筑师从历史结构上汲取灵感，加建了一个新的多功能亭。秉持着小型体育馆包容多样性的精神，该建筑群将会成为众多年度重要体育和文化事件的举办场所，这就包括2017 年2 月在圣摩里兹想地区举办的国际滑雪锦标赛的颁奖典礼，各种音乐节和古董车的展示会。

建筑坐落在与达沃斯平原北部边界相邻的空间，在冬天将是一个溜冰场，而在夏天将是可以举办各种展览的大草坪。新加建的柔性结构将成为各式活动的平台，可以是阳光露台，也可以是演奏会舞台。新亭子的设计延续了恩家丁的传统木工艺，由一个从街道边界向外延伸的悬挑顶棚组成，形成了一条半开放的带状空间，可以避雨遮雪。顶棚由水平的木条构建而成，从内向外可以窥看到街景。

这个结构一直延伸到基地北角的一堵曲面墙，以一个小型遮阳棚作为终结。这样的设计既为基地遮风避雨，也为游客提供了狭长的视野，在街上可以观望到溜冰场，也可以看到远处高山。与新的建筑亭相连的复建冰亭并不仅仅是简单的建筑复建，重塑的也包括当地的历史精髓——对溜冰，运动以及阳光的喝彩。建筑一层有一个新的餐厅和展示区，记载着当地的大事记和阿尔卑斯山脉的各种传统风俗。所以从某种角度来说，这也是个博物馆。装修风格忠于原始的风格，保留了很多历史特色，建筑师甚至特地在室内和室外的过渡空间里设计了一个橘园，在那里可以观望到山谷的如画风光。建筑还可以在不久的将来继续容纳溜冰和冰壶设备以及场地。目前，建筑更下一层坐拥一间小酒吧，从那里可以直接通往达沃斯平原。

The project restores the existing 1905 pavillon which played host to the 1928 and 1948 Winter Olympics. The building had been abandoned for many years, and had fallen into a state of extreme disrepair. The new scheme brings the building back to its original state with the ice skating rink as the focus, also introducing a new club restaurant and sun terrace for visitors and the local Engadin community to enjoy. To expand the old pavillon’s capacity to host events, a new multipurpose pavilion has been incorporated with links to the historic structure. Designed in the spirit of a ministadium, it is set to be the focus of the annual calendar of sporting and cultural events including the medal ceremonies at the Ski World Championships to be held in St. Moritz in February 2017, as well as music festivals and shows of classic cars.

Located on the northern edge of the Davos Plaun, which forms an ice rink in the winter and a wide lawn for outdoors exhibitions and events in the summer, the new extension is a flexible structure that will provide a platform for a wide variety of activities throughout the year, from a sun terrace to a concert stage. The design of the new pavilion continues the Engadin tradition of woodcraft, with a cantilevering canopy that extends from the street edge to form a partially covered space, sheltered from rain and snow. The canopy is made of horizontal wooden slats which allow for views through to street level.

The structure extends into a wall that curves around the northern corner of the site, terminating in as maller sun canopy at the other end. This allows for views towards the skating rink and the surrounding mountains from the street, while protecting the site from the cold winds that blow into the valley. Adjoining the new pavilion, the historic pavillon has been regenerated, reinstating not just the architecture, but the historic spirit of the place - a celebration of skating, sport and sun.There is a new restaurant and exhibition area on the first level, showcasing various memorabilia that evoke the alpine tradition of the valley, so in that sense it is also a museum. The refurbishment is faithful to the original style, preserving the historic features, along with a sympathetically designed ‘Orangerie’ as an indoor-outdoor space with picturesque views of the valley. Facilities for skating and curling equipment hire can be accommodated in the future and an outdoor bar is located on the lower level with direct access to the Davos Plaun.