临床路径式教学法在肝胆外科护理带教中的应用分析

秦爽

[摘要] 目的 研究分析肝胆外科临床路径式教学法在护理带教中的应用效果。方法 对来该院2017年11月—2018年11月肝胆外科临床实习实习生60名进行对比分析，随机数字表法进行分组，每组30例。对照组以传统教学方式带教，观察组开展临床路径教学法开展带教工作，在带教结束后对实习护生理论知识、实践技能、案例分析进行考核，采用该院自制的满意度问卷调查表对实习护生对带教老师的满意度进行打分，评价带教效果。结果 观察组实习护生的理论知识（92.66±2.33）分、实践操作做（88.35±1.35）分、案例分析（91.08±3.11）分均高于对照组实习护生的理论知识（83.35±1.62）分、实践操作做（73.00±1.81）分、案例分析（81.34±2.61）分（P<0.05）;观察组实习护生对带教老师的总满意率96.7%与对照组实习护生对带教老师的总满意率76.7%（P<0.05）。结论 肝胆外科护理带教开展临床路径教学，可有效提升实习护生的综合水平，提高实习护生对带教老师的满意度，利于实习护生自主学习，具有较高的应用价值。

[关键词] 临床路径式教学;肝胆外科;护理带教;应用效果

[中图分类号] R-4 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-5654（2020）06（a）-0128-03

[Abstract] Objective To study and analyze the application effect of clinical path teaching method of hepatobiliary surgery in nursing teaching. Methods A comparative analysis was made of 60 clinical internships in liver and gallbladder surgery from November 2017 to November 2018 in our hospital. Random number tables were used to group 30 cases in each group. The clinical path teaching method was used to carry out the teaching work. After the teaching was completed， the theoretical knowledge， practical skills， and case analysis of the internship nursing students will be evaluated. The satisfaction questionnaire created by the hospital will be used to evaluate the satisfaction of the internship nursing students with the teaching teachers. Scoring and evaluating teaching effect. Results The theoretical knowledge （92.66±2.33）points， practical practice （88.35±1.35）points， and case analysis （91.08±3.11）points of the observation group's internship nurses were higher than the theoretical knowledge （83.35±1.62）points of the internship nurses in the control group. Points， practical operations （73.00±1.81）points， case analysis （81.34±2.61）points （P<0.05）; the total satisfaction rate of the internship nurses in the observation group to the instructor was 96.7%， and that in the control group of the total satisfaction rate of teachers was 76.7%（P<0.05）. Conclusion The clinical path teaching of hepatobiliary surgery nursing teaching can effectively improve the comprehensive level of internship nursing students， improve the satisfaction of internship nursing teachers， and is conducive to the independent learning of internship nursing students. It has higher application value.

[Key words] Clinical pathway teaching; Hepatobiliary surgery; Nursing teaching; Application effect

肝膽外科以肝脏、肝胆管结石、胆道恶性肿瘤、胰腺肿瘤、肝硬化等肝胆疾病治疗的主要科室，在进行肝胆外科手术治疗的患者中，手术操作较复杂，引流管数量和种类较多，均需要进行适当护理[1]。要求肝胆外科护理人员有深厚的理论知识和护理技巧，才能提高该科室护理效果[2]。护生实习是踏入临床的主要环节，通过实习不断提高对临床处置能力，临床路径通过确定具体实践，严格操作规程，使资源得到优化利用，从而提高优质护理服务[3]。临床路径教学为新型的临床教学模式，教学优势明显被应用于临床教学中，传统带教实践和理论脱节，并且所涉及到的面较广，增加了带教老师的劳动强度。传统带教护生主要为打杂跑路，亲自动手机会较少，导致护理知识和操作不全面。临床路径带教方法规范了护理带教的具体流程，并明确了规范化、标准化、程序化，提高了临床教学的系统性，发挥临床路径教学优势，有效弥补了传统带教方式的缺陷，从而有效提高临床护理带教质量，利于护生与带教老师之间的沟通。临床护理实习是护理专业教育中的关键步骤，同时也是提高护生综合能力联系实际的部分。在肝胆外科护理带教中引入临床路径式教学模式，可结合肝胆外科教学特点，使教学方式和目标具体化，有效提高带教质量。该次于2017年11月—2018年11月选取60名护理实习，研究分析肝胆外科临床路径式教学法在护理带教中的应用效果，现报道如下。