浅谈提高英语写作能力的几点做法
2020-09-10文超
文超
摘要:英文写作一直是很多高中学生的软肋,他们要么把写作当初一种纯粹的翻译,出现很多汉式英语;要么文不对题,语法错误太多,导致写作分数不高。因此要求老师的写作教学要有针对性,而且做到每一堂课都有其高效,让学生能学有所获。要想提高学生的写作能力,老师得付出很多的心血,课前、课中和课后,尤其是课后的批改非常重要,及时的批改能帮助我们充分了解学生的不足。
关键词:写作能力;分析;巧用
以下的错句是我从学生的一篇习作中摘录出来的。
一、学生常见错误及分析:
1、主谓不能搭配,只顾中文意思
Many people think that working in the metropolis can get higher salary.
2、主谓不一致
Some thinks that working ……
3、时态不一致
Working in the hometown is the best choice when we graduated.
4、动词作主语
Work in the metropolis is better.
二、针对学生的错误,我们在平时的教学中就要有的放矢,高效实用
1、狠抓五个简单句型的训练,做到基本句式不出错。
要想写好作文,首先要熟悉五种基本句型,尤其是对于成绩平平的学生,如果能把基本句型写对,构成基础写作的5个基本句子就能信手写来。
句型一:主语+系动词+表语
很多学生以为系动词只有be,在写作时造成一些不必要的错误。因此我在讲到这类句型时,会把系动词归类
1)be
2)表感官的系动词:look, sound, feel, taste, smell, seem, appear
3)表持续的系动词:remain, keep, stay, stand, lie,
4)表变化的系动词:become, get, turn, grow, come, fall,
5)可带名词的系动词:be, remain, turn, become, sound, prove
基本句型二:主语+不及物动词
1)、The rain stopped.
2)、 The old man waited.
基本句型的扩展
1)、主语+不及物动词+副词状语
2)、主语+不及物动词+不定式目的状语
3)、There+不及物动词+主语
基本句型三:主语+及物动词+宾语
1)、主语+及物动词+名词或代词
2)、主语+及物动词+不定式
I want to get your help.
句型四:主語+及物动词+间宾+直宾
1)、主语+及物动词+(人)间宾+(物)直宾
Tom left Mary a message.
This will save you much time.
2)、主语+及物动词+(物)直宾+to+(人)间宾
He offered a job to her.
I owe my success to you.
归纳:间接宾语前要用to的常用动词有:give, tell, lend, sell, teach, send, write, show, return, pass, offer,
三、教会学生使用高级句式
英文中的高级句式包括定语从句、名词从句、状语从句、非谓语动词、倒装句、强调句、with句型等
1、巧用复合句
According to Professor Wang, slightly more than half of the school children in our country are short-sighted, which ranks the first in the world.
But I’d like to attend the English lectures, from which I can get more information on British and American cultures.
解析:这两个句子都运用了定语从句,给文章增色添彩。
2、巧用倒装句、强调句、虚拟语气、with句型等
Only in this way can Internet Bars be well used by people.
I couldn’t go on studying with so much noise troubling me.
It was not until he had read the news in the newspaper that he knew what had happened.
第一句为倒装句,第二个句式with短语作伴随状语,第三句是强调句,这些句式使得文章更生动,语气也大大加强了。
3、巧用非谓语动词
They each gave a speech teling us what they would do when they were elected.
Although (he was) left alone at home, Sam did not feel afraid at all .
运用非谓语动词,可以使文句看起来更简洁,使语言更加丰富多彩,重点更为突出,增加文采。
四、学会使用过渡词
一篇好的文章,必须要做到上下连贯,句与句之间逻辑关系衔接的非常好,而许多学生在写作时往往忽视这一点,上下句之间的跳跃性很大,让人感觉极不自然,面批时也会在这样的地方停下来,这样的作文很显然是得不到高分的。所以要想取得理想的分数,还要在文章的衔接方面下功夫,也就是要有适当的过渡词。英语中常用的过渡词有如下一些。
1.表示时间:now, then, afterwards, soon, five minutes later, before long, shortly after that,to this day, just now, just then , as soon as, was doing…when, just at this time, immediately=in a flash=at once=in an instant, suddenly= all of a sudden=all at once
2.表示顺序,动作:first, firstly, second, secondly at first, at last, next, finally
3.表示转折:but, yet, and yet, however, although in spite of, anyhow, nevertheless
4.表示因果关系:thus, therefore, so , as a result. seeing that, luckily, unfortunately, to one’s luck
總之,如果学生掌握了以上这些句式和过渡词的运用,不管是哪种程度的学生,其写作肯定能提高。而真正掌握了这些句式尤其是高级句式,对于阅读理解能力的提高无疑是大有裨益。
参考文献
【1】胡嘉凡. 浅谈提高英语写作能力的几点方法手段[J]. 散文百家(新语文活页), 2018(7).
【2】张美玲. 浅谈如何提高英语写作能力[J]. 科技信息, 2009(22):498.
【3】李萍. 浅论高中英语写作能力训练的几点做法[J]. 中学教学参考, 2015(3):52-52.
文 超 深圳市石岩公学