星光柔和的诗歌行走
2020-08-14师立新
师立新
这是一本以平常心叩访和行走的诗集,字里行间真诚而不失浪漫,任由风吹雨打,却从来不会丧失对尘世的真爱。能坦诚遵循自己灵魂走势而书写的人,文字间必然呈现这种纯粹,更可由此而见其真性情。
在昆明的夜晚读《捕星录》,只觉得一片柔和把自己包裹。窗外,夜色恰好也那么柔和,天空幽静,无数星星明闪闪的,很应景。
与吴重生未曾谋面,亦不相识,但见字如面便是见字相识了。他应该很温和,很善良,有成熟男人的普世大爱,还有满眼柔软的慈悲。因为,《捕星录》不是深邃或復杂的,诗集内容涉及行走大地的热爱,还有亲情、友情及乡愁的呈现。诗句里是人间烟火的温暖,而且,几乎都与行走有关。由此,可以确定的是,“行走”是诗人的精神内核,这本诗集的主旨是浪漫的,诗歌总体的意象营造都极为宽泛,与作品需要的诗歌意境能够高度契合。
一
在我所接触过的诗歌理论中,英国诗人约翰·济慈的美学思想尤得我心。他的“美就是真,真就是美”的质朴诗学理念,一直与我赏析现代诗的浪漫主义观点有着令人惊讶的相似。真情之下,吴重生这样写道:“我是运河的搬运工,我搬运运河/也搬运自己的人生/船队就是我的马队,而你是我的太阳……无论我走向哪里/都在心里丈量自己与运河的距离……”(《大运河是一条太阳河》);“江底的生物正在进行壮阔的远征/沿着长长的太阳的影子,我找到了你……给你春雷,让它滚过你少年的田垄/给你火把,让它照耀你解冻的河堤”(《给你火把,照耀你解冻的河堤》)……这些诗作中,诗人的情感在缓缓释放,个人的主观理想、个体爱憎,极鲜明地达到扩张。诗歌将诗人的个体真情传达到读者心里,做到了诗人与读者的人际维护。这种阅读感受多么美好。
诗歌的美学价值,在诗作中淋漓尽致。诗歌的文字感染力,有时是话语不可做到的。《捕星录》也收集了诗人不同阶段创作的季节诗,如《春日十咏》《我把手伸过长长的夏季》《雪地六题》《秋日咏怀》《五月十章》等,诗作无一例外地展示出所描述的当季画面,开合有度,留白适中,让读者从词语上直接黏合情感又顺应诗意的感能与悟知。
我对诗歌的写作和批评一直抱有敬畏之心,常对现实写作环境中的虚无与作秀颇为失望。本集中的诗作,让我读到了真与美的维持,这是诗人创作中个人主体性的自觉,非常难得。
二
吴重生的诗歌品质,是柔和的,如同叙家常。诗人的故事性和柔和度,很好地附着了诗性的成长。本集作品中,诗人对亲情的写作占有较大比重。女儿是诗人生命教育过程中,最亲密的责任方。诗人从作品间体现了慈爱的指认,他的语言态度、修辞策略、精神趋向,较好地统一了诗作的特指层面。如:“孩子走出,西南门就空了……眼神穿越季节的门帘/叮咛落在你的发际……走出来时,你带着风/而我,站在自己的世界看你/如看少年时代连绵起伏的麦浪……”(《北大西南门》);“我关注你已经很久了/从你成为黄河奔流开始/从你成为白雾升腾开始/从你成为紫云集结开始……红色通知书已在你手上/大地正式录取你成为山川的一部分……”(《大地正式录取你成为山川的一部分》);“今夜,天空格外宁静/你在燕园的某一朵荷花旁侧听诗……一个父亲在月坛写诗/写成一行,便用白云擦去/他的安慰正在天空下成长”(《写在女儿生日之际》)等。以上诗作,细读下来,就是一位父亲的独白。其中,“麦浪”“山川”“成长”等名词,都体现出诗人眼里的思虑、隐藏的血亲柔情。亲情的宣泄,不需要广阔的天地,一个细节一个角落就可触摸到人间最静好的关爱,而来自词语间的推助,把诗歌的生命意识和内心省察往深度拓展。这正是我眼里的好诗:情感真挚,意境跳跃,内质张弛有度。
现代人因工作等因素,很多都经历过背离故乡,于是,乡愁在诗人的文字间就开始茂盛。如“……祖居地没有闲着/阴晴雨雪,一切都如约而至……”(《祖居地》);“那是我在屋后园种下的十万个预言/如今有一半已开花结籽……”(《我给乡愁交出的第一份投名状》),满纸清愁,诗人使用本体和喻体并列关系的隐喻,让乡愁在叙事中泛起些许无奈,这却正是现实与客观意愿的矛盾交织。无解的题,只有无解。类似表达,在本集作品里不时可以读到。我的理解是,诗人以微小的心境写实,分享出的是对故乡的精神守望,对生活的认知、体会、感慨及无处可消解的惆怅。从思想高度的层面来看,诗人对生活抱有极大的良善之心。集子里的这类诗歌还因此产生了互文性,也就是说,能让读者的阅读发现和文本发现形成互为现实的关联关系,这回归到了中国古典诗歌的审美,使读者在阅读过程中对文本理解形成感性思维。这一点,应该是诗人文字创作中的另一特色。需要读懂的是,诗人的亲情与乡愁类诗作并不是单指自己,应该延伸到了当下明示或暗指的生命感悟。
三
吴重生的诗歌行走,是生命体验对自然的贴行。行程里的真挚、疼痛、寂寞、快乐,让诗人把行走的日常依空间转换,强化出诗作的当下立场,以历史元素和类似实地勘察研究的形式为基点,完成了行程中的诗性塑造。本集作品中,诗人的行走诗作没有宏大的说教和媚俗,没有戾气和过激,只以所见所感的视角及男人宽广的包容心走笔。这些诗作活在生活之中,而行走是生活现场的一个部分,文字的显示必然加入了其历史性、地域性和写作态度。如“谢灵运的芒鞋、李白的酒盏/杜甫的拐杖、陆放翁的斗笠/他们的影和形/正是越剧青色的前世……/沧浪的波光与火焰在大地之上/这一刻,东王村头的樟树已老”(《在剡溪,我愿投水为鱼》),面对历史,可以歌也可以诉。此诗以倾诉式行文,浩浩荡荡,节奏明快,意境开阔,有一气呵成之感,细节处理较完好。又如“……运河是一把尺子/为每一个走南闯北的人/丈量身高和体温”(《运河是一把尺子》),本诗语言平实,历史与现实的单元提及到位,文字流放着液态的姿容,文化的背景、节奏感都很适当,很温婉。行走诗作的在场感,可体现为虚构和非虚构,但均是为达到作品预期的言说,只要语境深度满足了语言的包容性及关联性,这就足够让诗歌的内质蕴含丰富或坚强有力。
當一个人的诗歌语言已融入其生命的日常,我完全可以确定他的行走和生活轨迹是有温度的。如“这个杜鹃花开的季节/有一些说不明白的选择题……小区内的樱花瓣飘落了一地/那个潮湿的夜晚/已被我遗忘在少年时代的衣柜里”(《有一种守望叫掬水望月》)、“屋后园的磨刀石在葡萄架下沉默/一堆花瓣,堆砌江南风情万种……有时候,雨是一种感情符号/它的出现,代表着一个季节的重生……这是一个生者的节日/所有的路标,都指向哲学深处”(《我确信檀宫是一座宫殿》)。看似不着意的语言,恰恰富有张力及拓展性,承接而下地确保了所需的表达嵌进审美经验的叙事。生活是多种状态的,诗人的创作也就制造了多种状态,诗歌想象力加以诗歌神性的遇合,推高了意境的领域。
四
本诗集中,大组诗让人不可回避。其中名为“组诗”的诗作,由“上城,你的光芒足够我照耀一生”“湖滨”“望江”“上城邑”四首诗组成,是本集最全面覆盖表象和内质的一组诗作。我无法得知诗人创作的缘由,但能够从中读到诗作散发的热情、慈悲、感动和希望。组诗的第一首,开头是:“我是一个待出阁的少女/西子湖水养育了我,东海潮水滋润了我……”,大长诗的气度,稳定了诗作的起点,柔和中告知天下,这是一块宝地,如少女一般有活力和朝气。“我”是“上城”,意象的使用,于诗作开头就迅速出现。在此后的“湖滨”“望江”“上城邑”三首诗作里,类似的意象使用,比比皆是。将貌似没有承接关系的各首诗在明暗之间关联起来,锻轧出一个个分镜头般的意境。过去、现在、未来、时间、空间、大爱、友情、激情、希望,四首诗组合的倾述长度,在“上城邑”得到实体降落“……上城邑,上城邑/我是你青石板上的一颗雨粒/你的历史如秦岭,莽莽苍苍/我要用你斑斓的墨韵、五彩的线条/在柳浪闻莺的头顶/书写新时代的传奇……”。这组诗的阅读感很开阔,意境丰盈,没有人为障碍,没有任何桎梏,这应该就是诗歌先天的样子,必须表情达意,又不失诗歌的追求和探索。在最末的那首“上城邑”中,以“上城邑,上城邑”为每节诗作的起头在反复,这个细节的添加很好地照应到本组诗的第一首诗作,这是诗人的睿智之处。本组诗里每首诗作都清新干净、血脉相关,诗歌的“互文性”又一次得到明指。有修养和大爱的诗人,能用文本给读者展现社会现实的可视范围,他的在场是鲜活的。行走的诗不是日记,吴重生的诗作已自如地剥开事物表层的局限性,加入伦理道德、日常向上、现实问询,从而,建立了一个独享的书写体系。
本诗集中短诗较少,接近小诗体的诗作更少,这可能与诗人的写作习惯有关,但都无碍对本集诗作的赏析。
吴重生的诗作,行走和生命并重地存在着。阅读过程不晦涩也不灰色,文字间总有温暖与柔和。诗人把一份个人的生命体验,推送到关注行走中的生命态度及现实状态的大环境,这是他持有的人生洞察和领悟。
Chasing Stars:Wu Chongshengs Poems
By Shi Lixin
Reading by Wu Chongsheng under the starry, early autumn sky at night in Kunming, I felt the caress of immense softness. The nocturnal scene outside was a perfect match with the poems.
I never got the chance to meet the poet, but I could feel him when reading the poems. He must be a gentle, kind man with so much love to share from his heart. The love and nostalgia in the poems is tangible and real. He must be a man who is always on the road, casting his gentle gaze toward the heartwarming moments of the human world. One thing is for sure, that is, romanticism is the substance of .
I am a hard-core fan of John Keats (1791-1825) and his declaration in : Beauty is truth, truth beauty. The unique style of romanticism in his poems fascinates me. In Wus poems, I feel something similar. One poem reads: I am the remover of the canal, and of my own life, the fleet is the caravan, and you are my sun. Another poem has such lines as follows: Wherever I go, I am measuring the distance between myself and the canal, the Grand Canal Is the Canal of the Sun, I find you, by following the shadow of the sun, I bring you the spring thunder, and it rolls into your memory of boyish years, I bring you the torch, and the snow on the dike thaws.
The emotion of the poet is slowly released in the verses, with his ideals, love and hatred so fully and powerfully expressed that it hits the readers heart like an arrow. The poems have the magic that makes the poet and the reader feel each other, and such a reading experience is just beautiful.
The literary beauty of poetry is sometimes beyond words, as can be seen in the poems about seasons included in . Obviously, Wu is a master of “less is more”. In his ode to the four seasons, the reader can follow the authors subtle emotional clues to reach and enjoy emotional revelations.
Wus poems have the power to bring me back from the abyss of disappointments in the futility and superficiality of the reality of the modern literary circle. His pursuit of truth and beauty, and his self-consciousness, makes him stand out in the crowd.
However, the powerful side of the quality of Wus poetry does not negate tenderness. Many of the poets works are homey and storytelling. In the collection, family bond takes a significant place. Many of the poems show the his education about life for his daughter. In , he wrote: The sky has never been so tranquil, you are standing beside a water lily, listening to a poem, the father is writing a poem on the altar of the moon, the verses are erased by the clouds.
The subdued love and thoughts of a father spill over and stream down into the heart of the reader. Wus poems are all about life awareness and insight, and are thusly sincere and touching.
Leaving ones roots seems to be one of the diseases of modernity. Nostalgia is also Wus favorite motif. In , he wrote: My ancestral home still has four seasons and everything...The melancholy in these simple words is also a mans endless love for life.
Wu Chongsheng has also proven a master in intertextuality, which explains the readers empathizing when reading his poems and renders the poems with the aesthetic trait of Chinese classical poetry.
Wus journey in the world of poetry is his intimate connection with the nature. His sincerity, pain, loneliness and happiness are all transformed into a poetic language of his own. His poems have no room for mechanical preaching or kitschy cynicism. What he does is putting down what he sees and feels, and filling the words with the love of a tolerant heart. His poems are part of his everyday life, and are as natural as the flow of water.
When I feel the pulses of real life in his poems, I am sure I have found a man who lives his life to its fullest. The soft petals fallen from cherry trees, the knife stone sitting still under the grape trellis, the raindrops, the beginning of a new season...The multifaceted nature of life is the source of the multifaceted characteristic of Wus poems.
A special part of the collection is a series of what I call “suites” that include four long pieces narrating four urban areas of Hangzhou. In the series, “intertextuality” is again expressed with ease.
The collection also includes a few short poems and several improvisations.