ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION OF OIL & GAS FIELDS

Vol.30 No.5 2020 Tot.No.138

TheSituationandSuggestionsofOil-containSolidWasteManagementandTreatment(1)

Tong Kun1,2Huo Jin3Zhang Hao4Wang Guobin3Zhong Chengdong3

(1.StateKeyLaboratoryofPetroleumPollutionControl；2.CNPCResearchInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentTechnology；3.PrtroChinaXinjiangOilfieldCompany；4.LiaohePetroleumExplorationBureau)

ABSTRACTThis paper introduces the source, type, amount and situation of oil-contain solid waste.The problems existing in the management and treatment of oil-contain solid waste are analyzed, such as less suitable technology, difficult to meet the treatment standards, heavy secondary pollution, need for systematic treatment, fewer resource-based approaches, difficult to promote utilization, inadequate supervision and difficulty in effective supervision.Suggestions are put forward to promote full life cycle prevention and control, achieve near zero pollutants emission, strengthen full life cycle supervision, ensure essential environmental protection and achieve zero pollution accidents, increase research & develop and policy support, and promote high-quality low-carbon development and other countermeasures.

KEYWORDSoil-contain solid waste；full life-cycle；near zero emission；intrinsic environmental protection

ABriefDiscussiononClassifiedResourceDisposalandUtilizationofWater-basedDrillingSolidWaste(5)

Chen Lirong1Feng Yongdong2Zhang Zhidong1Shen Bilong2Tang Pan3Zeng Shengtai4Jiang Xuebin1Liu Hanjun1He Tianpeng1

(1.PetroChinaChuanqingDrillingCompanyEngineeringCo.,Ltd.SafetyEnvironmentQualitySupervisionandTestingResearchInspection；2.PetroChinaSouthwestOilandGasFieldCompanyExplorationDivision；3.SichuanChangningNaturalGasDevelopmentCo.,Ltd.；4.PetroChinaChuanqingDrillingCompanyEngineeringCo.,Ltd.ChuanDongDrillingCo.Ltd)

ABSTRACTBased on the problems of high disposal cost, high potential safety and high environmental risks existing in the current treatment and utilization of water-based drilling solid wastes in Southwest PetroChina Oil and Gas Field, this paper briefly analyzed the production, source, characteristics and composition of water-based drilling solid wastes in Southwest PetroChina Oil and Gas Field.On the basis of composition properties, a method to classify drilling solid waste based on different water-based drilling fluid systems is proposed, and emphatically discussed on the pollutant properties of solid waste generated by the three types of water-based drilling fluid systems, such as the gas water-based drilling solid waste, polymer drilling fluid system solid waste, and sulfonated drilling fluid system solid.The correspondence of resource disposal and utilization methods for different drilling fluid systems are as follows: direct/biologically treated soil utilization, biologically treated soil utilization, sintered brick/biologically treated soil utilization etc.The relevant conclusions and suggestions are of guiding significance to the managers and workers of environmental protection decision-making in oil and gas exploration drilling.

KEYWORDSwater-based drilling solid waste；drilling fluid system；classification method；resource disposal；utilization

ApplicationofSeriesRapidMicrobialBottleTestsTechnologyinChangqingOilfield(10)

Wan Yunyang1,2Xu Feiyan2Wang Hongguan3Li Wenhong2Liu Liping4Guo Zilong5

(1.Exploration&DevelopmentResearchInstituteofPetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany,NationalEngineeringLaboratoryforExplorationandDevelopmentofLow-PermeabilityOil&GasFields；2.StateKeyLaboratoryofPetroleumResourcesandProspecting,ResearchCentreforGeomicrobialResourcesandApplication,BeijingKeyLaboratoryofOilandGasPollutionControl,ChinaUniversityofPetroleum-Beijing；3.BeijingHuayouKelongDevelopmentCorporation,ChinaHuayou；4.FifthProductionPlant,ChangqingOilfieldCompany,PetroChina；5.FourthProductionPlant,ChangqingOilfieldCompany,PetroChina)

ABSTRACTWith the rapid development of microbial technology, it is very urgent to develop suitable, rapid and convenient methods for fieldin-situand staff operation to match large-scale promotion of microbial technology in oilfield.Bottle test technology for its practical, convenient and environmentally friendly economy has become the preferred method.On the oilfield site, a series samples of pure cultures and injection mixtures were sampled and tested with the test bottles developed by China University of Petroleum(Beijing).The results showed that SRB, DSV, EBX, XXG, PMA and IB series test bottles were sensitive and specific to the characteristic response of specific microorganisms, meeting the requirements of poor asepsis conditions, heavy workload releasing, rapid detection, safety and environmental protection at fields.

KEYWORDSbottle test；Changqing Oilfield；Bacillussubtilis；Pseudomonasaeruginosa；oil reservoirs

ResearchontheHarmlessDisposalTechnologyofDrillingWasteinBohaiOilfield(13)

Zhang Yuchen Yue Ming Huo Hongbo Lin Jiayu Zhang Lei

(TianjinBranchofCNOOC(China)Limited)

ABSTRACTThe amount of drilling wastes in the Bohai Oilfield is increasing year by year, and it contains a variety of toxic and harmful substances.Realizing its harmless disposal is of great significance to the protection of the marine ecological environment.This article describes the current problems in the disposal of drilling waste in the Bohai Oilfield, such as environmental problems, cost problems, etc.The main contradiction is that the total amount of the drilling waste is too large, and the current disposal methods are difficult to meet the demand.Grasping the main contradiction of the problem, analyzing the influencing factors of waste production in Bohai Oilfield from source control to field process and operation flow.According to these factors, the principles and ideas of waste disposal are formulated through the investigation and research of offshore operations characteristics, and the technical countermeasures for harmless disposal of drilling waste in Bohai Oilfield are put forward.Greatly reduce waste disposal costs, effectively reduce the risk of environmental pollution.

KEYWORDSBohai Sea；oilfield drilling wastes；reduction；recycling；solid-liquid separation

AnalysisoftheHazardCharacteristicsofOil-basedDrillingFluidCuttingsTreatedbyHammer-millingThermalDesorptionTechnology(17)

Wang Lili1Zhang Xinfa2Zhang Houhu1Xu Jun2Su Shanshan1Li Shiyong2Zhao Shen1

(1.NanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciences,MinistryofEcologyandEnvironment；2.DrillingandProductionEngineeringTechnologyResearchInstituteofCNPCChuanqingDrillingEngineeringCo.,Ltd.)

ABSTRACTThis paper introduced the hammer-milling thermal desorption technology process of oil-based drilling fluid cuttings, and the processed oil-based drilling fluid cuttings was analyzed for its environment risk, the results showed that the oil-based drilling fluid cuttings treated by the hammer-milling thermal desorption technology in Chuanqing drilling and mining institute have no inflammability, reactivity and corrosiveness, the toxicity of heavy metals and organic matter such as indicators of the test data were less than the demand of GB 5085.3—2007 “IdentificationofHazardousWasteIdentificationStandardsforLeachingToxicity” and GB 5085.6—2007 “IdentificationofHazardousWasteIdentificationStandardsforToxicSubstanceContentIdentification”.Through the analysis of the risk characteristics of oil-based drilling fluid cuttings after treatment, it provided a basis for the environmental risk control and resource recycling of this kind of solid waste.

KEYWORDSoil-based drilling cuttings；thermal desorption technology；the hazard characteristics；environmental risk；resource utilization

OptimizationandApllicationofOilSludgeSandTreatmentTechnologyinDagangOilfield(22)

Wang Yunpeng1Wang Jianwei2Zou Xiaoyan2Wang Shuhao2

(1.Quality,SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionDepartmentofPetroChinaDagangOilfieldCompany；2.OilProductionTechnologyResearchInstituteofPetroChinaDagangOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTThe oil sludge and sand treatment in Dagang Oilfield adopts thermochemical washing method.Due to the insufficient treatment time and unreasonable process parameters, the treatment effect cannot meet the latest index requirements of SY/T 7301—2016, “ComprehensiveUtilizationofOilySludgeResourcesandPollutionControlTechnicalRequirementsforOnshoreOilandGasExploitation” Stipulates that the total amount of petroleum hydrocarbons in the remaining solid phase of the oily sludge after treatment should not exceed the requirement of 2%, so it needs to be upgraded.Based on the analysis of production situation and the investigation of domestic and foreign treatment technology, the treatment process combined thermochemical washing and physical separation is optimized.According to the indoor test results, the existing cavitation treatment skid is modified, and a new deep purification treatment skid is built to realize the oil sludge and sand treatment process of first-class gel breaking and emulsion breaking, second-class cavitation separation and third-class deep purification separation.The total oil content of the treated sludge sand meets the technical index of less than 2%.

KEYWORDSoil field；oil sludge and sand；treatment；thermochemical washing；ultrasonic

ResearchProgressofSulfurContainingWastewaterTreatmentTechnology(27)

Lin Qi1Fan Xinrui2Zou Lirong3

(1.DalianBranchofCNPCSafety&EnvironmentProtectionTechnologyResearchInstitute；2.CNPCSafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionTechnologyResearchInstituteCo.,Ltd.；3.TheThirdGasProductionPlantofPetroChinaChangqingOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTThis paper mainly introduces the impact of sulfur-containing wastewater on human health, environmental ecology, metal equipment, and microorganisms.The application of different sulfur-containing wastewater treatment technologies and their composite processes are summarized.According to the characteristics of different types of sulfur-containing wastewater, the combined use of biological, physical and chemical methods can be considered in practical engineering application, which will achieve the purpose of economical and efficient desulfurization.

KEYWORDSsulfur containing wastewater；sulfur containing sewage；treatment technology

ResearchProgressofSpecialWettabilityOil-waterSeparationmembrane(31)

Yu Peng

(PetroChinaDaqingPetrochemicalCompany)

ABSTRACTBased on the current research progress, the future development prospects of oil-water membrane separation are discussed.This paper focuses on the preparation methods of the current special wettable membranes, as well as the latest research progress of super hydrophilic and super hydrophobic membranes, and the intelligent controllable oil-water separation membranes.In order to promote its large-scale production and application, Special infiltration oil-water separation should comprehensively consider the characteristics of the actual oily sewage water quality.Stress intelligent controllable invasive oil-water separation membrane should be developed based on the actual oil-water quality characteristics.Moreover, Provide technical guidance for actual needs.

KEYWORDScontact angle；super hydrophilic；special wettability；intelligent control；oil-water separation

PreparationandCharacterizationofCe-Mn/SiO2OzoneCatalysts(36)

Bian Chengping Wang Xiaofeng Chen Yuan

(TarimOilFieldBranch,PetroChinaCo.,Ltd.)

ABSTRACTThe Ce-Mn/SiO2Ozone catalyst was prepared by the impregnating MnO2and CeO2on SiO2.By taking the removal efficiency of COD in drilling wastewater from Tarim Oilfield as the research object, the preparation conditions, namely calcination temperature, calcination time, loading of MnO2and loading of CeO2, were investigated during the process.The experimental results showed Ce-Mn/SiO2had the best catalytic effect with COD removal rate of 78.20% under the conditions of calcination temperature 480 ℃, calcination time 4 h, the loading of MnO215% and the loading of CeO213.22%(the ration(Ce)∶n(Mn)=3∶7).It showed good stability which the COD removal ratio reached over 72% after the catalyst repeatedly used for 5 times.The characterization results showed that the form of SiO2is α-quartz, and MnO2and CeO2were distribution uniformly on the surface of SiO2.

KEYWORDSCe-Mn/SiO2ozone catalysts；drilling wastewater；COD removal rate

ResearchandApplicationofSupportingTechnologyforCleanOperationinJilinOilfield(40)

Si Xiaojun He Zengjun Wang Yali

(SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionDepartmentofPetroChinaJilinOilfieldCompany)

ABSTRACTDuring the normal maintenance operations and production-increasing measures of Jilin Oilfield, a large amount of oil and soil are generated after the oil and water fall to the ground.The later treatment of the oil and soil requires a lot of manpower and material resources, and it is easy to cause safety and environmental protection risks.This article aims at non-abnormal high-pressure wells.Through the study of closed cleaning operation equipment and supporting wellhead and bottom hole tools, it is realized that the tubing and rod wellbore are cleaned during the operation process, meanwhile, ensure that the bottom hole tools are cleaned and the oil and water do not flow out of the wellbore, avoiding oil and soil production and oil and water landing risk.For the research of abnormal high pressure wells through the kill fluid and supporting blowout prevention equipment, the safety and environmental risks of abnormal high pressure wells overflow, underground pipe string channeling, and even blowout are eliminated.Since 2019, this technology has been widely promoted and applied in Jilin Oilfield, and achieved good results, effectively solving the safety and environmental risks caused by oil and water landing during minor repair operations.

KEYWORDSJilin Oilfield；airtight and clean；oil and water landing；safety and environmental protection

ResearchontheTreatmentTechnologyforStandardEmissionsofCoalbedMethaneProducedWater(43)

Yun Jian1Wang Zhansheng1Li Xiumin1Hu Huanyu2Wang Huaijie2Lei Qi2Wang Lei3Wang Wanli4Sun Fapei2

(1.CNPCResearchInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentTechnology；2.PetrochinaCoalbedMethaneCo.,Ltd.；3.ChinaPetroleumLiaoheEquipmentCompany；4.ChinaUniversityofPetroleum(Beijing))

ABSTRACTTaking the Ordos East edge produced water as the research object, based on the full analysis of its water quality characteristics, the research put forward a kind of biochemical removal process of COD and NH3-N, the process is focus on immobilized biological aerated filter(I-BAF).Carried out field test in three stages to verify the organic pollutant’s removal effect, such as COD and NH3-N, and explored their oxidative degradation state in the produced water with the aid of GC-MS analysis methods.Experimental data showed that the final effluent’s test values were lower than and target values(COD≤40 mg/L, NH3-N≤2 mg/L), and the type and quantity of refractory organic matters were sharply reduced.Among them, COD removal ratio increased from 70% to 80% and would continue to increase with the increasing of hydraulic retention time(HRT)；NH3-N removal ratio was above 99%, far below the target values of 2 mg/L, and wasn’t sensitive to the adjustment of the HRT.The results showed that the process dominated by “I-BAF+activated charcoal adsorption” has obvious removal effect on COD, NH3-N and refractory organic compounds from the Ordos east edge produced water.If HRT was set for 8 h, the effluent can still meet the standard stably and the direct operation cost would drop below 1.40 yuan per cubic meter, which was more than 70% lower than that of the chemical treatment process, so the goal that “low cost, stable standardized discharge” of produced water treatment achieved.

KEYWORDScoalbed methane；produced water；biological aeration filter；achieving emission standards

ConstructionofRiskAssessmentIndexSystemforEnvironmentalSensitiveAreaofLong-distanceOilandGasPipelines(49)

Wang Liwei Zhou Huagang Fan Xiaokai Ge TianshangHong Na

(PetroChinaWesternPipelineUrumqiOilandGasTransmissionCompany)

ABSTRACTBased on the index system of Kent method, combined with the actual situation of pipeline enterprises, this paper revises the scoring items of Kent method and adjusts the scores and weights of each item, integrates the attributes of the pipeline risk and sensitive area.The risk assessment index system of sensitive area for long oil and gas pipeline was obtained.The risk assessment index system for sensitive areas has established a risk assessment method that meets the characteristics of long-distance oil and gas pipelines, analyzes and evaluates the safety distance, population, groundwater sensitivity, and soil type comprehensively.Divide the corresponding risk levels according to the pipe section scores, and give a detailed scoring explanation using the example of an oil pipeline crossing a densely populated area.The construction of this indicator system will help companies implement effective management and key monitoring of sensitive areas, reducing the occurrence of pipeline environmental violations.

KEYWORDSKent method；long-distance oil and gas pipelines；environmentally sensitive areas；risk assessment indicators

TheEffectsofNatureReserveReformingontheDevelopmentofOilandGasField(54)

Li Changlin Xiong Yunshi Hao Qingyuan Liang Tao Gao Qichen

(CNPCResearchInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentTechnology)

ABSTRACTEstablishing the natural reserve system with national parks as the main body is an important measure to implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s ideology of beautiful China and ecological civilization.This paper reviewed the nature reserves status and problems faced by the oil and gas field exploration and development in nature reserves, the possible effects of nature reserve reforming on the exploration and development of oil and gas field are analyzed.It proposed the opportunity to make full use of the optimization and adjustment of the nature reserve system by rationally distribute the exploration and development of oil and gas resources, following with the promotion of the coordinated development model between energy development and ecological protection.

KEYWORDSnatural reserve；oil and gas field；exploration and development；effects

ThePracticeandSuggestionforthePost-evaluationofanOldPetrochemicalCompanyEnvironmentalImpact(57)

Liu Jinling Yang Jinghui Dong Wenwan Gao Qichen Tian Tian

(CNPCInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentProtectionTechnology)

ABSTRACTPost-evaluation of environmental impact is an important way to improve the level of environmental management.This article takes the post-evaluation of an old petrochemical company environmental impact as an example.According to the characteristics of the company environmental management, combined with the difficulties encountered in the evaluation process, such as too many construction projects make it impossible to compare and verify one by one.We determined the main content for the post-evaluation of the company environmental impact, put forward suggestions that evaluating the old enterprise overall and selecting a suitable time node to carry out environmental impact post-evaluation.This paper may provide reference for the post-evaluation of the other old petrochemical enterprises environmental impact.

KEYWORDSold petrochemical enterprises；post-evaluation of environmental impact；suggestions

NoiseGovernanceEffectAnalysisofCompressor-unitinaGasFieldBoosterStation(61)

Zhu Yu Wang Jue Yuan Zeng Li Xiaobin Song Wenming Jiang Rui Zhang Xiaochuan Tang Xingwei

(ChongqingGasFieldofPetroChinaSouthwestOil&GasFieldCompany)

ABSTRACTAiming at the problems of excessive noise at the boundary of the most pressurization booster stations in eastern Sichuan, this paper took the a gas field pressurization station in PetroChina southwest oil and gas field company as an example.Starting from the compressor device, station bound scope and other aspects, the exceeding sites of compressor-unit noise were analyzed, and the noise management program was raised.After improvement of the station, noise emissions meets the requirements of GB 12348—2008 “EnvironmentalNoiseEmissionStandardsforIndustrialEnterprisesandPlantBoundaries”, Category II in daytime ≤60 dB(A)and nighttime ≤50 dB(A).The noise reduction governance application of the compressor-unit effectively reduced the noise level, conformed to the national environmental protection policy, and provided certain reference value for the later development of the oil and gas field.

KEYWORDSgas field；pressurization booster station；compressor；noise；governance effect

SoilErosionPreventionandControlintheExplorationandDevelopmentofOilfieldsinOrdosBasin(66)

Han Zhengzheng1Jin Xinxiu2Yang Peng3Han Jing4

(1.TheEleventhOilProductionPlantofPetroChinaChangqingOilfieldBranch；2.TheNinthOilProductionPlantofPetroChinaChangqingOilfieldBranch；3.PetroChinaWesternPipelineCompanyGansuOil&GasTransmissionBranch；4.PetroChinaChangqingOilfieldBranchQuality,SafetyandEnvironmentalProtectionDepartment)

ABSTRACTConservation of water and soil is an important guarantee for the safe production of oil and gas fields and the promotion of green ecological civilization.The oil and gas resources in the Ordos Basin have the characteristics of “low abundance, low permeability, and low output”.Moreover, the process of oil and gas development has scattered land use, little single-point land use, and large total demand.Meanwhile, the oil area geology is complex and diverse, the climate is contrast obviously and the natural environment is fragile, making its soil and water conservation more important.In recent years, the state has promoted new related management policy reforms continuously, and government departments functions to soil and water conversation changed from governance to supervisory.This article combines the practical exploration and development of oil and gas fields in the Ordos Basin, summarizes experience and analyzes cases, at last, new ideas for soil and water conservation are proposed, with a new view to strengthening the prevention and control of soil erosion in the area.It explains how to strengthen the prevention and control of soil erosion from the aspects of advanced deployment, comprehensive prevention and control, strengthened supervision, and independent acceptance.The work will provide reference for water and soil conservation in the process of enterprise exploration and development.

KEYWORDSthree low oilfield；soil erosion；prevention and control；ecological environment

ResearchontheEnvironmentalComplianceRegulationSystemofOverseasPetroleumProjects(70)

Zhang Shuang Lei Wenzhang Dong Wenwan

(CNPCResearchInstituteofSafety&EnvironmentProtectionTechnology)

ABSTRACTThe environmental compliance management is of great significance to overseas petroleum projects.The key issue of environmental compliance management is to identify appropriate regulatory systems.By the analysis of legal theory, the laws of the resource country and its ratified international conventions, the laws and regulations required in the investment and development agreement, the laws and regulations required in the financing guarantee contracts of financial institutions, and the laws and regulations of the home country in investment constitute the hard law regulations for overseas oil projects.International organizations constitute soft law regulations through agreement guidelines that govern the behavior of multinational companies, voluntary commitments for companies to join, international industry standards, and standard guidelines that are considered to be best practices.Based on the analysis of the environmental compliance practices of a number of major international oil companies, the article showed that in actual management, the above-mentioned regulations can be divided into core regulations and other regulations based on factors such as the source and effectiveness of regulations, the pursuit goals of the enterprises.Furthermore core regulations can divide into a required regulation and an optional regulation.

KEYWORDSoverseas petroleum projects；environmental compliance；regulatory system；hard law regulations；soft law regulations