贝尔瓦尔科学城拾英，阿尔泽特河畔埃施，卢森堡

安托瓦妮特·洛朗 文/Text by Antoinette Lorang

尚晋 译/Translated by SHANG Jin

1 全景/Greneral view

位于卢森堡西南的贝尔瓦尔工业荒地改造项目于2000 年启动，在城市设计和建筑上都驰名四海。1997 年关闭后，高炉周边地区成了今天卢森堡大学和许多顶级研究机构的所在地。根据荷兰约·克嫩建筑事务所的总体规划，这120hm2被分为4 个区域：贝尔瓦尔北/贝尔瓦尔南——主要为居住区，贝尔瓦尔公园——大型景观公园，方里区——公寓、办公楼和商业混合区，高炉台地——科学城总部。

科学城由公共承包商贝尔瓦尔基金会建设，为多家赞助商提供了20 座建筑。这些建筑占地27hm2，主要集中于高炉广场。场地北部是大学的主要建筑（知识大厦）以及标志性的桥塔建筑、研究实验室和点睛之笔的学生文化中心（艺术与学生楼）。在高炉台地南部，新创公司、大学图书馆、摇滚音乐厅和工业遗迹构成了激动人心的建筑群。

开放空间的设计值得特别关注。科学城的整个区域均由巴黎景观建筑师米歇尔·德维涅设计。他为工业遗迹和当代建筑营造出妙趣横生的环境。设计中包含三大特色：连续不断的深色砖地面、各处的大水池和 “城市森林”。其特别之处在于，反光的水池对该地区的游客和日常用户产生了强烈的吸引力。此外，德国设计师英戈·毛雷尔非同一般的照明设计为户外空间赋予了白昼与黑夜的诗意。

不过，贝尔瓦尔最大的亮点无疑是自1965 年和1979 年的高炉。它们被保留下来，按照一个非凡的理念融入此地新的“城市”。极简主义建筑“创新馆”和大学图书馆也是在这一特殊背景下设计的。它们共同构成了无与伦比的建筑群。两座高炉之一可以登上40m 的高度。来自世界各地的游客都会在此了解到卢森堡的工业历史。每当夜幕降临，或是每年夏季高炉节等特殊场合之际，高炉都会闪耀不同的光。

高炉附近的大学图书馆为大学城之旅画上了完美的句号。大理石立面背后是壮观的室内空间。最现代的图书馆技术在此以独具匠心的方式与原工业建筑“备矿间”的要素融为一体。□

The transformation of the industrial wasteland of Belval in the southwest of Luxembourg,which began in 2000, is an internationally much noted project, both in terms of urban design and architecture. Shut down in 1997, the territory around the blast furnaces hosts the University of Luxembourg and a number of top-class research institutes today. According to the master plan of the Dutch office Jo Coenen, the total area of 120hm2was divided into 4 zones: Belval Nord / Belval Sud -mainly residential area, Park Belval - large landscape park, Square Mile - mixed quarter with apartments,offices and commerce, and Terrasse des Hauts Fourneaux - headquarters of the Cité des Sciences.

The Cité des Sciences consists of some 20 buildings for varions stakeholders realised by the Fonde Belval, a public contractor. The buildings cover an area of 27hm2mainly located on the Terrasse des Hauts Fourneaux. The northern part of this area includes among others the main university building(Maison du Savoir) with its emblematic bridge-tower architecture, research laboratories and the students'cultural centre (Maison des Arts et des Etudiants)that is embedded like a small jewel. In the southern part of the Terrasse des Hauts Fourneaux, start-ups,university library (Maison du Livre), rock hall and industrial monuments form an exciting ensemble.

The design of the open space deserves special attention. The entire area of the Cité des Sciences was designed by Michel Desvigne, a Parisian landscape architect, who created an interesting setting for both, industrial monuments and contemporary architecture. Three elements characterise the design: the continuous floor consisting of dark brick, large water basins and"urban woods" in several locations. In particular,the light-reflecting water basins exert a strong attraction on the visitors and daily users of the area.In addition, there are the unusual luminaires by the German designer Ingo Maurer, which lend the outdoor space a poetic touch by day and night.

The biggest attraction in Belval, however, is undoubtedly the blast furnaces from 1965 and 1979, which were preserved and integrated here into the new "City" according to an unusual concept.Together with the minimalist architecture of the Maison de l'Innovation and the Maison du Livre,which have been developed with the specific context in mind, they form an inimitable ensemble. One of the two blast furnaces can be walked up to a height of 40m. Groups of visitors from all over the world get here an insight into the industrial history of Luxembourg. At night and on special occasions such as the annual monuments furnace festival in summer, the blast furnaces are illuminated in different ways.

2 高炉/Blast furnace

3 科学城地图/Map of Cité des Sciences

A tour of the Cité des Sciences is rounded off by a visit to the Maison du Livre, located next to the blast furnaces. Behind the marbled façade is a spectacular interior. The most modern library technology is combined here with elements of the former industrial building "Möllerei" in an incomparable way.□

项目信息/Credits and Data

开发公司/Development Company: Agora

总体规划/Masterplan: Jo Coenen

建设方/Contractor: Le Fonds Belval

景观建筑设计/Landscape Architect: Michel Desvigne

照明概念设计/Lighting Concept: Ingo Maurer

图片来源/Sonrces: ©Fonds Belval

项目/Project: 知识大厦/Maison du Savoir

建筑设计/Architects: Baumschlager Eberle, Christian Bauer(CBA)

结构设计/Civil Engineering: Jan Van Aelst

技术工程/Technical Engineering: Jean Schmit Engineering

场地面积/Site Area: 6.2hm2

造价/Cost: 1.36亿欧元/136M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2009-2015

项目/Project: 人文科学馆/Maison des Sciences Humaines

建筑设计/Architects: Tatiana Fabeck, ABSCIS

结构设计/Civil Engineering: B.E.S.T.

技术工程/Technical Engineering: BETIC, Boydens

场地面积/Site Area: 2.6hm2

造价/Cost: 6740万欧元/67.4M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2010-2015

项目/Project: 图书馆/Maison du Livre

建筑设计/Architects: Hermann & Valentiny et associés

结构设计/Civil Engineering: Bollinger und Grohmann

技术工程/Technical Engineering: RMC Consulting

场地面积/Site Area: 1.5hm2

造价/Cost: 5950万欧元/59.5M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2013-2018

项目/Project: 数字大厦（艺术与学生楼）/Maison du Nombre (Maison des Arts des Etudiants)

建筑设计/Architects: Witry & Witry, Atelier d'architecture et de design Jim Clemes

结构设计/Civil Engineering: INCA

技术工程/Technical Engineering: Jean Schmit Engineering

场地面积/Site Area: 2.7hm2

造价/Cost: 8300万欧元/83M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2013-2018

项目/Project: 生物技术楼/Le Bâtiment Biotech

建筑设计/Architects: WW+ architektur + management

结构设计/Civil Engineering: GK Engineering

技术工程/Technical Engineering: Luxengineering Bevilacqua& Associés

场地面积/Site Area: 0.3hm2

造价/Cost: 770万欧元/7.7M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2009-2011

项目/Project: 企业孵化器/l'incubateur d'entreprises

建筑设计/Architects: Arlette Schneiders Architectes

结构设计/Civil Engineering: Simon & Christiansen Ingénieurs-Conseils

技术工程/Technical Engineering: SIT-LUX

场地面积/Site Area: 0.5hm2

造价/Cost: 1300万欧元/13M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2007-2012

项目/Project: 新创公司/Maison de l'Innovation

建筑设计/Architects: BSARC Bourguignon Siebenaler

结构设计/Civil Engineering: Greisch

技术工程/Technical Engineering: BETIC

场地面积/Site Area: 1.3hm2

造价/Cost: 3670万欧元/36.7M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2012-2015

项目/Project: 行政大楼/Le Bâtiment Administratif

建筑设计/Architects: Bruck & Weckerle Architekten

结构设计/Civil Engineering: T6- Ney & Partners

技术工程/Technical Engineering: EKOplan

场地面积/Site Area: 1.8hm2

造价/Cost: 5710万欧元/57.1M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2009-2013

项目/Project: 摇滚音乐厅/La Rockhal

建筑设计/Architects: Atelier d'architecture BENG

结构设计/Civil Engineering: IC LUX

技术工程/Technical Engineering: SIT-LUX

场地面积/Site Area: 1.6hm2

造价/Cost: 2960万欧元/29.6M EUR

设计与施工时间/Period of Design and Realisation: 2003-2005

4 人文科学馆外景/Exterior view of Maison des Sciences Humaines

5 多样化的一角/Diversity

6 知识大厦与城市森林广场/Maison du Savoir and urban forest square

7 知识大厦的前景为大学餐厅/View of Maison du Savoir -foreground university restaurant

8 新创公司外景/Exterior view of Maison de l'Innovation

9 高炉盛会/Blast furnace festival

10 夜景/Nocturne

评论

张鹏举：贝尔瓦尔科学城通过近20年的发展，实现了由工业之城向科技之城的身份转换，这种转换虽然在功能上是脱胎换骨的，但在精神上却保持了一种完美的延续：延续的，除了工业遗迹所带来的那些纪念性的历史片段和巨构性的空间景观，更令人感动的，是新旧建筑物间各自努力要表现的那些金属的质感。最终，在工业与科技碰撞下，不同时代的金属碎片共谱了一首关于“时间”的金属乐，一定程度上贝尔瓦尔科学城延续的是对于“摇滚精神”的共鸣。

张杰：将大学和科研单位与老旧工厂的改造结合可能是后工业景观中最令设计者神往的，贝尔瓦尔工业荒地改造项目就提供了这样一个绝佳的机会。设计以废旧的高炉为地标形成科学城的广场，使知识经济与当代摇滚乐碰撞在一起。这无疑是我们这个时代最独特的场景之一。突出生态功能的景观设计让有些“恐怖的”工业场景成为人们思考的对象。

11 图书馆外景/Exterior view of Maison du Livre

12 图书馆内景/Interior view of Maison du Livre

Comments

ZHANG Pengju: With 20 year's development, the Cité des Sciences in Belval has accomplished its identity transformation from an industrial city to the city of technology. Although such a transformation can be considered as rebirth in terms of its functionality,its spirit perfectly remains and continues. This continuation is not only about the monumental piece of history of the industrial remains and the huge spatial landscape, but also the texture of the metals from both new and old buildings. Eventually, as a result of the interaction between industrial engineering and science & technology, the metal chips from different ages have composed a piece of metal music about "Time". To a certain extent, the continuation of the Cité des Sciences in Belval can be regarded as a resonance for "Rock and Roll Spirit". (Translated by Dandan Wang)

ZHANG Jie: Combining universities and research institutes with the transformation of old factories is perhaps the most fascinating thing for designers in the post-industrial landscape, and the industrial wasteland of Belval offers such an opportunity. The project takes the old blast furnace as the landmark to form a square of the Cité des Sciences, so that the knowledge economy collides with the contemporary rock music,which is undoubtedly one of the most unique scenes of our age. Landscape design that emphasises ecological functions makes some "horrible" industrial scenes become the object of people's thinking. (Translated by PANG Lingbo)