阶段性认知行为护理对肺癌化疗患者情绪及生活质量的影响分析

陈明霞 黄秀蓉 吴云 王卿 陈雪钗

[摘要] 目的 探讨给予肺癌化疗患者阶段性认知行为护理对其生活质量和情绪的影响。 方法 选取2018年1～12月间我院接受化疗的肺癌患者70例为研究对象，采取数字表法随机分成对照组和观察组，每组35例，对照组行常规护理，观察组在前者基础上应用阶段性认知行为护理，观察两组护理效果。 结果 护理前，两组SAS、SDS与GQLI-74评分差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;护理后，观察组SAS、SDS评分较对照组低，GQLI-74评分较对照组高，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论 给予肺癌化疗患者阶段性认知行为护理能改善其负面情绪，提高其生活质量，值得采用。

[关键词] 化疗;肺癌;生活质量;抑郁;焦虑;阶段性认知行为护理

[中图分类号] R473.73          [文献标识码] B          [文章编号] 1673-9701（2019）18-0136-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effects of staged cognitive behavioral care on the quality of life and emotion in the patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy. Methods 70 patients with lung cancer who received chemotherapy in our hospital from January 2018 to December 2018 were selected as the study subjects. The number table method was used to randomly divide the patients into the control group and the observation group， with 35 cases in each group. The control group was given routine care， and the observation group was given staged cognitive behavioral care on the basis of the former. The effects of the two groups were observed. Results There were no statistically significant differences in SAS， SDS and GQLI-74 scores between the two groups before nursing care（P>0.05）; after the nursing care， the SAS and SDS scores in the observation group were lower than those in the control group. The GQLI-74 scores were higher than those in the control group， and the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）. Conclusion It is worthwhile to give staged cognitive behavioral care for the patients with lung cancer undergoing chemotherapy to improve their negative emotions and improve their quality of life.

[Key words] Chemotherapy;Lung cancer;Quality of life; Depression;Anxiety;Staged cognitive behavioral care

肺癌屬于呼吸系统十分常见的恶性肿瘤，近几年来其发病率正逐年上升，已对人类生命健康产生严重威胁[1]。有资料显示[2]，长期大量吸烟和肺癌发生之间有着密切关系，且肺部慢性炎症、结核、环境污染、职业暴露、家族史等均为肺癌的常见病因。临床治疗肺癌时多选择化疗，但化疗时多数患者会出现恶心呕吐和疲劳等症状，这些症状会给患者带来较大心理负担，易使其出现焦虑和抑郁等不良情绪，影响其康复进程[3]。为提高患者生活质量，改善其负面情绪，我院对肺癌化疗患者采取阶段性认知行为护理，取得了显著成效，现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

选取2018年1～12月间我院接受化疗的肺癌患者70例为研究对象，采取数字表法随机分成对照组和观察组，每组35例，对照组中男28例，女7例。年龄35～80岁，平均（58.26±6.25）岁。病理类型：12例小细胞癌，23例非小细胞癌。病理分期：4例局限期，8例广泛期，6例3期，17例4期。观察组中男27例，女8例。年龄36～81岁，平均（58.32±6.21）岁。病理类型：11例小细胞癌，24例非小细胞癌。病理分期：2例局限期，9例广泛期，6例3期，18例4期。两组一般资料比较差异不明显（P>0.05），具有可比性。

入选标准：（1）均确诊为肺癌;（2）均为首次化疗;（3）神志清楚，能进行正常交流和沟通;（4）均取得患者知情同意。排除标准：（1）肝肾心等重要脏器存在严重功能障碍者;（2）继发性肺癌;（3）恶液质和严重贫血者。