阴道微生态变化与宫颈病变的相关性研究

刘蔚

【摘要】 目的：分析陰道微生态变化与宫颈病变的相关性。方法：选取本院2015年7月-2017年7月于本院行体检的妇女300例为研究对象，根据阴道脱落细胞学TCT检查结果分为NILM组、ASC组、LSIL组、HSIL组和SCC组共五组，所有患者均行阴道微生态系统检测，比较各组间阴道分泌物病原体检出情况和阴道环境。结果：SCC组患者BV、念珠菌阳性检出率均高于NILM组、ASC组和LSIL组，比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），与HSIL组比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。NILM组与ASC组、LSIL组以及HSIL组BV、念珠菌、滴虫阳性检出率比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ASC组和LSIL组的滴虫阳性检出率明显高于其他三组，比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。SCC组和HSIL组清洁度Ⅲ～Ⅳ级比例明显高于其他三组，比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。LSIL组、HSIL组和SCC组菌群多样性异常比例均明显高于NILM组，比较差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。ASC组、LSIL组、HSIL组和SCC组pH值>4.5比例均明显高于NILM组，比较差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：阴道微生态环境的失调，可相应增加宫颈病变的发病率，临床应积极防治生殖道感染性疾病，及时调节和纠正阴道微环境，早期预防宫颈癌的发病。

【关键词】 阴道微生态; 宫颈病变; 相关性

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the correlation between vaginal microflora and cervical lesions.Method：300 women in our hospital from July 2015 to July 2017 were selected as the subjects.According to the results of TCT，five groups were divided into NILM group，ASC group，LSIL group，HSIL group and SCC group.All the patients were detected by vaginal microecology system，and the conditions of the vaginal secreting pathogens were compared and the vaginal environment was compared between each group.Result：The positive rate of BV and Candida albicans in SCC group were higher than those of NILM group，ASC group and LSIL group（P<0.05），and there was no significant difference between HSIL group and HSIL group（P>0.05）.There were significant difference between the NILM group and ASC group，LSIL group and HSIL group，Candida and Trichomonas（P<0.05）.The positive rates of Trichomonas in ASC group and LSIL group were significantly higher than those in the other three groups（P<0.05）.The ratios of degree Ⅲ to Ⅳ were significantly higher than those of the other three groups（P<0.05）.The ratio of abnormal diversity in LSIL group，HSIL group and SCC group were significantly higher than that in NILM group（P<0.05）.The percentage of pH>4.5 in ASC group，LSIL group，HSIL group and SCC group were significantly higher than that in NILM group（P<0.05）.Conclusion：The maladjustment of the vaginal microecological environment can increase the incidence of cervical lesions，should actively prevent and cure the infectious diseases of the genital tract，adjust and correct the vaginal microenvironment in time，and prevent the incidence of cervical cancer in the early stage.

【Key words】 Vaginal microecology; Cervical lesions; Correlation

First-authors address：Jiangxi Province Maternal and Child Health Hospital，Nanchang 330006，China