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腰胸椎结核围手术期体位护理的方法及效果研究

2019-05-28董丽菲

中外医疗 2019年3期
关键词:围手术期神经功能疼痛

董丽菲

[摘要] 目的 研究腰胸椎结核围手术期体位护理的方法和效果。 方法 通过“双盲法”将方便选取2016年1月—2018年1月在该院接受手术的110例腰胸椎结核患者分成55例/组。对照组--围术期常规护理,观察组--围手术期常规护理+体位护理。对比疼痛情况和神经功能。 结果 观察组疼痛缓解率(98.18%)更高,对照组为78.18%(χ2=10.555,P=0.001),两组患者护理前的神经功能评分差异无统计学意义(t=0.120,P=0.904),护理后1个月,两组患者神经功能评分都有降低,但是观察组的降低幅度更大,观察组NSS评分为(51.63±1.16)分,对照组为(58.23±2.01)分(t=21.091,P=0.001)。 结论 在腰胸椎结核患者的围手术期加强体位护理,可以减轻疼痛,恢复神经功能。

[关键词] 腰胸椎结核;围手术期;体位护理;疼痛;神经功能;效果

[中图分类号] R473.6 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2019)01(c)-0142-03

Study on the Methods and Effects of Postoperative Nursing of Lumbar and Thoracic Tuberculosis

DONG Li-fei

Department of Bone, Section Two, Heilongjiang Provincial Institute of Infectious Diseases, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, 150000 China

[Abstract] Objective To study the methods and effects of postoperative care of lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis. Methods A total of 110 patients with lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis who underwent surgery in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2018 were conveniently selected and divided into 55 patients/group. Control group - perioperative routine care, observation group - perioperative routine care + position care. Compare pain conditions and neurological function. Results The pain relief rate (98.18%) was higher in the observation group, 78.18% in the control group(χ2=10.555, P=0.001). There was no significant difference in the neurological function score between the two groups before treatment(t=0.120, P=0.904), one month after the nursing, the neurological function scores of the two groups were decreased, but the reduction of the observation group was larger. The NSS score of the observation group was (51.63±1.16)points, and the control group was (58.23±2.01)points (t=21.091, P=0.001). Conclusion Perioperative intensive care in patients with lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis can reduce pain and restore nerve function.

[Key words] Lumbar and thoracic tuberculosis; Perioperative period; Positional care; Pain; Nerve function; Effect

腰胸椎結核属于发病率较高的一类脊柱结核病,因腰胸椎受到结核杆菌侵袭所致,一般都采取手术治疗,将结核病灶完全清除[1],避免脊髓发生压迫性损害,手术虽然有创伤,但是疗程短,恢复快。腰胸椎结核受患病位置特殊性的影响,需要保持良好体位[2],否则胸腰椎压迫持续加重,无法恢复,故此在整个围手术期予以体位护理十分关键。该文为了研究腰胸椎结核围手术期体位护理的方法和效果,方便选取患者共计110例2016年1月—2018年1月,报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

从该院医治的腰胸椎结核患者当中方便选取110例,都接受手术治疗,采用“双盲法”将其分为55例/组。该研究所选病例已通过伦理委员会批准,患者及患者家属知情并同意参与该次研究。

观察组--男∶女=31∶24;年龄大小:32-65(44.15±5.20)岁;病程长短:6个月~3年(1.12±0.35)年。

对照组--男∶女=30∶25;年龄大小:31~66(44.22±5.18)岁;病程长短:7个月~3年(1.34±0.28)年。

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