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1702例妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒的检测与基因分型

2019-05-24刘艳琼

中外医疗 2019年9期
关键词:人乳头瘤病毒检测

刘艳琼

[摘要] 目的 对祥云县1 702例妇女宫颈人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染情况、亚型分布以及不同型别病理情况进行详细的探讨,为本地区预防和治疗宫颈癌提供理论依据。 方法 方便收集1 702例2014年12月—2015年11月在該院就诊并自愿接受宫颈HPV检查的妇女宫颈脱落细胞标本,采用PCR-反向斑点杂交技术分析HPV-DNA亚型、感染率及年龄分布,同时结合病理活检结果分析不同型别的病理发展改变。结果HPV-DNA分型检测阳性率为7.52%,最常见的HPV感染频率为HPV-16、HPV-52、HPV-51、HPV-58、HPV-18、HPV-43、HPV-33、HPV-42;年龄标化HPV感染率与年龄标化HR-HPV变化一致,18~37各年龄组间有明显差异(P<0.05);38~57岁无明显差异;58岁以上各年龄组间又有明显差异(P<0.05)。各年龄组LR-HPV感染率方面,18~32年龄组差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),33岁以后各组间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),在HPV多重基因亚型混合感染方面,18~组最高,其次为22~、27~、57~、62~组,其他最低,各水平之间均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 结论HPV分型检测对妇女宫颈病变的筛查具有非常重要的意义,并且高危型HPV感染与宫颈病变的严重程度相关,其能够为临床诊断和治疗提供科学的理论依据。

[关键词] 人乳头瘤病毒;检测;基因分型

[中图分类号] R737.33 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742(2019)03(c)-0180-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the infection of human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervix of 1 702 women in Xiangyun County, and to provide theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods 1 702 cases of cervical exfoliated cells were collected from December 2014 to November 2015. The HPV-DNA subtype, infection rate and age distribution were analyzed by PCR-reverse dot blot hybridization. The pathological changes of different types were analyzed by pathological biopsy. Results The positive rate of HPV-DNA typing was 7.52%. The most common HPV infection frequencies were HPV-16, HPV-52, HPV-51, HPV-58, HPV-18, HPV-43, HPV-33 and HPV-42. The age-standardized HPV infection rate was consistent with that of age-standardized HR-HPV, and there was no statistically significant difference between 18~37 age groups (P<0.05). There was also statistically significant difference among all age groups (P<0.05). The LR-HPV infection rate of 18-32 age group was statistically significant different from that of 33 age group (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference among the groups after 33 years old (P>0.05). In the mixed infection of multiple genotypes of HPV, 18~group was the highest, followed by 22~27~57~62~group, the other was the lowest (P<0.05). Conclusion HPV typing detection is very important for screening cervical lesions in women, and high-risk HPV infection is related to the severity of cervical lesions, which can provide scientific theoretical basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

[Key words] Human papillomavirus; Detection; Genotyping

宫颈癌是妇科常见的一种恶性肿瘤,有数据显示,其发病率在逐年升高,目前仅次于乳腺癌。因此,及早发现HPV是提高宫颈癌防治效果的前提[1]。随着HPV检测方案在临床上的推广,大量单纯HPV阳性但是细胞学阴性的问题出现了,不但体现出了细胞学检查的局限性,进一步提示对患者进行HPV检查的必要性[2]。目前,临床上对宫颈癌检测与分型的主要辅助方法就是HPV-DNA分型检测,其能够有效防止恶性宫颈病变的漏诊,对HPV的型别进行区分,为临床制定干预措施提供科学的依据。该文2014年12月—2015年1月间对1 702例妇女进行HPV基因分型检测,进一步探讨了HPV基因分型检测在宫颈病变筛查中的价值。报道如下。

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