Villa Criss-Cross Envelope Ljubljana, Slovenia

斯诺文尼亚卢布尔雅那

项目情况：设计2012年，开工2013年，竣工2015年

项目计划：住宅

建设单位：私人

建筑面积：340平方米

摄影：Tomaz Gregoric

Status: project 2012, construction start 2013, completion 2015

Program: residential

Client: private

Area: 340 m2

Photo: Tomaz Gregoric

该别墅位于斯洛文尼亚首都卢布尔雅那市中心的Mirje郊区。别墅所在的街道垂直于古罗马城墙，并延伸至Plecnik设计的石头金字塔（作为他沿城墙进行的改建项目的一部分）下方的一条步行通道。别墅的新结构被嵌入街面既有的挡土墙内。通过将墙壁合并为新建筑的一部分，新的住宅保留了其在街道上与金字塔轴向对齐的原有位置。

别墅的外部结构由一个立方体量和穿孔的金属外壳组成。体量中的一些部分被挖空，以创造空间形如口袋的空间，带来沿着屋顶向下的锥形台阶、位于入口旁边的空地以及为住宅起居空间准备的带有露台的私人玻璃天井。建筑两侧皆利用了带孔的材料，旨在对这一位于历史郊区的传统别墅的材质进行抽象化的阐释。粗糙的古典主义立面与双层的穿孔板材相结合；建筑师的任务是通过建立深度上的错觉来实现这种纹理，使建筑在呈现出轻盈感的同时，增强米色色调的光影效果。这种三维纹理创造出动态的抽象感，并将整个建筑体量包裹于内。交叉的十字是一种兼具功能性和图形性的存在。十字结构为板材的框架带来支撑，同时创造出与旧时城市别墅的立面装饰相似的特征。

内部体量包含了两种结构：裸露的结构混凝土墙与木制壳体。该项目旨在为一户有着三个孩子的家庭打造居所。设计要求在将居住空间最大化的同时使服务空间的占比达到最小。建筑师基于明确的功能需求，通过楼面高差而非墙壁对空间进行了划分：首层是起居和公用空间，二层是孩子们的空间，三层则是父母的房间。别墅中没有地下室，木制壳体足以提供所有的存放空间。墙壁通过折叠能够容纳居住空间中的碗橱、置物架和抽屉；床、座位和柜台等则直接嵌于地面，以优化空间的使用率，同时便于维护。为多个分区赋予一种相同的功能，使住宅中的不同空间得以彼此相连。

The Villa is located in the Mirje Suburbs within the city center of Ljubljana, Slovenia. The street of the villa runs perpendicular to the ancient Roman Wall and continues into a pedestrian passageway under the stone pyramid designed by Plecnik (as part his reconstruction project along the wall). The Villa’s new structure embeds an existing retaining wall along the street front.By incorporating the wall as part of the new construction, the new house keeps original position on this street in an axial alignment to the pyramid.

The external structure is composed of a cube volume and perforated metal envelope. The volume extracts cut-outs to create pockets of space that provide a pyramidical stepping down along the roof, a void along the entrance and private glass patios with terraces for living areas of the house.Using a material with holes on both sides aims to make an abstract interpretation of the texture of classical villas in the historical suburb. The rough classical façade was represented with double perforated panels; the task was to achieve texture through the illusion of depth which allows a light presence and enhances the shadows and reflections off a palette of beige tints. The threedimensional texture creates a dynamic abstraction while encapsulating its coherent volume.Diagonal crosses act as a functional and graphic representation. The crosses brace the frames of panels and create identity like façade ornaments on historical citizen villas.

The internal volume embodies two elements: exposed structural concrete walls and a wooden shell. The project required a residence for a single family with three children. The brief was to maximize living area with minimum of the service space. The concept divides space based on distinct program by separating function not by walls but floor levels: ground floor is living/communal space, first floor is children area and second floor parents area. With no cellar, the shell is integral to provide all of the space for storage. The flush walls fold out to house cupboards,shelves and drawers throughout the living areas and furniture such as beds, seating and counters are built into the floor in order to optimize space and provide easy maintenance. This connects different spaces in the house by giving a common function to partitions.