以与时俱进的精神做好十九大报告的英文翻译（五）

文/陈明明

把中文内在含义明确表述出来

4. 观

中文“观”含义较广，英文要根据具体语境灵活处理。

培育和践行社会主义核心价值观

cultivate and observe core socialist values

坚持总体国家安全观

pursue a holistic approach to national security

树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的新安全观

foster new thinking on common, comprehensive, cooperative, and sustainable security

引导人们树立正确的历史观、民族观、国家观、文化观

see that the people develop an accurate understanding of history, ethnicity,country, and culture（此处，“正确”未用“correct”，而用了“accurate”，更到位）

中国秉持共商共建共享的全球治理观。

China follows the principle of achieving shared growth through discussion and collaboration in engaging in global governance.

5. 全面

“全面”是报告中使用频率最高的词之一，在翻译中根据英语表达特点使用了多种译法，均很到位。

全面建成小康社会

build a moderately prosperous society in all respects

全面深化改革

deepen reform in all areas / We have taken comprehensive steps to deepen reform.

坚持全面从严治党

exercise full and rigorous governance over the Party

全面推进依法治国

advance law-based governance（“全面”未译出，已含）

全面从严治军

govern the military with strict discipline in every respect

“四个全面”

the four-pronged comprehensive strategy: to make comprehensive moves to finish building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, deepen reform,advance law-based governance, and strengthen Party self-governance（有新闻机构译成“four comprehensives”，不知所云）

改革全面发力、多点突破、纵深推进，着力增强改革系统性、整体性、协同性，压茬拓展改革广度和深度。

We have taken moves across the board, achieved breakthroughs in many areas, and made deeper progress in reform. We have pursued reform in a more systematic, holistic, and coordinated way, increasing its coverage and depth.

社会主义协商民主全面展开。

Socialist consultative democracy is flourishing.（“全面”未直译）

全面节约资源有效推进。

Across-the-board efforts to conserve resources have seen encouraging progress.

牢牢掌握宪法和基本法赋予的中央对香港、澳门全面管治权。

We have ensured that the central government exercises its overall jurisdiction over Hong Kong and Macao as mandated by China’s Constitution and the basic laws of the two special administrative regions.

全面推进中国特色大国外交，形成全方位、多层次、立体化的外交布局。

We have made all-round efforts in the pursuit of major country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics, thus advancing China’s diplomatic agenda in a comprehensive, multilevel, multifaceted way.

全面加强党的领导

We have made sweeping efforts to strengthen Party leadership.

推动人的全面发展、社会全面进步

promote well-rounded human development and all-round social progress（英文也有a well-rounded individual/student/person等表述）

全党要深刻领会新时代中国特色社会主义思想的精神实质和丰富内涵，在各项工作中全面准确贯彻落实。

Everyone in the Party should develop a good grasp of the essence and rich implications of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and fully and faithfully apply it in all our work.

我国物质文明、政治文明、精神文明、社会文明、生态文明将全面提升。

New heights are reached in every dimension of material, political, cultural and ethical, social, and ecological advancement.

全面增强执政本领

strengthen every dimension of our ability for governance

全面实施市场准入负面清单制度

We will introduce a negative list for market access nationwide.

建立全面规范透明、标准科学、约束有力的预算制度。

We will put in place a comprehensive, procedure-based, transparent budget system that uses well-conceived standards and imposes effective constraints.

推动形成全面开放新格局

make new ground in pursuing opening up on all fronts / in all areas

展现真实、立体、全面的中国

present a true, multi-dimensional, and panoramic view of China

全面从严治党永远在路上

Ensuring Party self-governance is exercised fully and strictly is a journey to which there’s no end.

培养德智体美全面发展的社会主义建设者和接班人

nurture a new generation of capable young people who have a good and all-round moral, intellectual, physical, and aesthetical grounding and are wellprepared to join the socialist cause

6. 精神

“精神”在我国政治语汇中使用频率较高，不一定都按字面直译为spirit。要根据语境灵活翻译，要特别避免使用spiritual的译法，因spiritual有很强的宗教指向。

全党要充分认识这场伟大斗争的长期性、复杂性、艰巨性，发扬斗争精神，提高斗争本领，不断夺取伟大斗争新胜利。

Every Party member must fully appreciate the long-term, complex, and onerous nature of this great struggle; we must be ready to fight, build our ability,and keep striving to secure new victories in this great struggle.（“精神”未译）

中国特色社会主义文化是激励全党全国各族人民奋勇前进的强大精神力量。

The culture of socialism with Chinese characteristics is a powerful source of strength that inspires all members of the Party and the people of all ethnic groups in China.（“精神”未直译）

全党要深刻领会新时代中国特色社会主义思想的精神实质和丰富内涵，在各项工作中全面准确贯彻落实。

Everyone in the Party should develop a good grasp of the essence and rich implications of the Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era and fully and faithfully apply it in all our work.（“精神”未直译）

为人民提供精神指引

provide a source of cultural and moral guidance for our people（注意：不能用spiritual guidance）

弘扬民族精神和时代精神

foster a Chinese ethos and a readiness to respond to the call of our times

满足人民过上美好生活的新期待，必须提供丰富的精神食粮。

To meet the people’s new aspirations for a better life, we must provide them with rich intellectual nourishment.（也可加 cultural）

激发和保护企业家精神，鼓励更多社会主体投身创新创业。

We will inspire and protect entrepreneurship, and encourage more entities to make innovations and start businesses.（“精神”可不译：“工匠精神”为workmanship，“运动员精神”为sportsmanship，均无须译spirit）

以时不我待、只争朝夕的精神，奋力走好新时代的长征路

lose no time in progressing along the long march of the new era（“精神”未译）

贯彻十八大精神

put the guiding principles from our 18th National Congress into action