The Financial Industry and the Financial Market

金融业健康发展。银行业资产负债1“资产负债”可译成balance sheets，一般的balance sheet左面列出资产，右面列出负债。规模继续扩大，支持“三农”、小微企业2有人喜欢在enterprises前面加定冠词，但这里的“小微企业”是泛指，不宜用定冠词。力度持续增强，薄弱领域的信贷投入3许多人一看到“投入”就喜欢用input。应该承认，此处用credit input也不是不可以，只是直接用funding更加自然一些。继续加大，资本充足水平持续提高，拨备整体稳定，风险弥补和损失吸收能力较强4对于“资本充足水平持续提高，拨备整体稳定，风险弥补和损失吸收能力较强”，如果按照中文结构翻译（The capital adequacy level continued to rise, provisioning remained stable in general, and the capacity of risk compensation and loss absorption was strong.），也没有错，但如果我们分析一下“资本充足水平持续提高”“拨备整体稳定”“风险弥补和损失吸收能力较强”这三者的逻辑关系，就会发现第三项是前两项的结果。在译文里体现这种关系，有助于减少译文松散的感觉，增强连贯性。“拨备”是指用于抵消坏账的备用金，可以称为provision coverage，或更具体一点loan loss provision coverage，或provisions for bad loans，等等。。证券期货业经营机构整体运营稳健，行业创新能力不断提升，监管转型5“监管转型”如果译成transformation of the regulation，意思是很不清楚的，可考虑译成transforming regulatory functions。继续深化，市场基础性制度建设6“市场基础性制度建设”如果译成the institutional building for the market，非常令人费解，而且不能反映原文意思。原文的本意应该就是building a market-based system。稳步推进，双向开放取得积极进展。保险业资产规模持续增长，保费收入快速增加，资金运用收益大幅提高，经营效益显著提升，风险保障能力进一步提高。7原文里关于保险业的情况介绍用了五个并列分句，在英语里套用这种结构会显得松散。调整结构更可取一些，另外可视需要减少动宾结构，改用名词结构。

The financial sector development was healthy.Banking institutions continued to expand their balance sheets, with increased funding for the agricultural sector, rural areas and farmers, for small and micro enterprises,and for weak sectors of the economy.With rising capital adequacy ratios and stable provisioning coverage, they continued to strengthen risk compensation mechanisms and build an adequate loss-absorbing capacity.Securities and futures firms were generally on the right track, with improved innovation ability.Progress continued to be made in transforming regulatory functions,building a market-based system, and speeding up two-way opening up of the capital market.The asset size of the insurance sector continued to grow with a rapid rise in premium income, a substantial increase in yields on insurance companies’ investments, and markedly improved efficiency and risk resilience.

[2]金融市场稳健运行。各项改革和发展措施稳步推进，市场交易活跃，产品创新不断深化8“深化”是中文里最爱用的词语之一，一般译者只要见到“深化”，就必然用deepen。于是，“产品创新不断深化”便成了product innovation was deepened，这是非常奇怪的搭配。其实，我们在翻译时，经常可以（而且应该或甚至必须）透过字面从内在含义着手，不必在“深”字上大做文章。应该记住的是，我们翻译的是要传递的信息，而不是单词的字面含义。，市场制度逐步完善，多层次资本市场建设稳步推进。货币市场利率波动幅度减小，市场压力有所下降。9虽然原文是“货币市场利率波动幅度减小，市场压力有所下降”，似乎讲了两个分别的情况，以并列结构加以表述，但这两者彼此密切相关，前者是原因，后者是结果，因此在英语里结合两者表述可能更合理一些。债券市场投资者类型更加丰富10“债券市场投资者类型更加丰富”是指参加债券市场投资的人更加多样，而如果译成bond market investors further diversified，就似乎是说投资者的投资组合更加多样。，公司信用类债券发行增速明显提高。股票指数震荡上行，股票融资规模上升。期货市场成交量有所增长，国债期货重启后运行平稳。人民币利率衍生品市场交易活跃度明显上升，产品品种进一步增加。

[2]The financial market was stable.Steadily progressing reform efforts contributed to the financial market’s sustained vitality and expanded product innovation.Market-based mechanisms were being improved, and progress was made in building a multi-layered capital market.Reduced money market interest rate volatility eased market pressure.The ranks of bond market investors saw further diversification, and the growth of corporate debenture issuance acceler- ated dramatically.The stock indices spiraled upward, and the volume of equity financing was expanded.Futures trading volume increased, and the government bond futures market resumed normal trading after it was reopened.The RMB interest rate derivatives market registered increasingly active trading with an expanded range of products offered.